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1、20222023学年陕西省西安市长安一中高二(上)期中英语试卷AConcerned about staying safe in your hotel ? This list of Hotel Safety Tips will give you the tools and techniques you need to feel and be safe.From years of staying in hotels (mostly for work) weve learned how to minimize the risk of hotel theft or other hotel risks
2、by employing the simple but effective hotel safety strategies listed below.Always lock the doorAll hotels have door latches that add an extra security to the door.lt wont stop the most determined thieves, but it will slow them down and for the less ambitious it might be enough to scare them off.If y
3、our door has a manual lock, be sure to flip it locked.You cant have enough protection.Avoid leaving valuables in your roomNumerous staff members have master keys that can open every room in the hotel and the cleaning staff enters your room at least once a day.While most are professionals and wouldnl
4、 dream of taking anything, there*s no need to them by leaving your diamond ring on the bed or laptop in plain sight.Always take valuables with you IF you can.Use the privacy signs whenever possibleIf you do have to leave your room make sure you hang the privacy sign.If the guest is in the room, hote
5、l staff may avoid the guest. You can also turn your TV on to further indicate someones in the room improving the chances your stuff will be safe.This hotel safety tip obviously doesnt apply if you desire your room being serviced.Learn the hotel exitsIf youve ever experienced escaping from a hotel at
6、 2 in the morning for a hotel fire, its not pleasant!Take a quick glance at the exit plan posted in the room and be ready.Dont fetch your luggage when you exit your room in a fire situation.1. What does the underlined word tempt” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ? A. Persuade. B. Refuse.C. Threat.D. Att
7、ract.2. What are you advised to do if you stay in a hotel ? A. Make sure the cleaning staff clean your room every day.B. Always turn your TV on while you are in the room.C. Make sure the privacy sign works well.D. Avoid leaving your stuff in the room.3. In a fire situation, you should.A. post an exi
8、t plan in the room in advanceB. escape immediately without taking any luggage答案和解析13.【答案】D、C、B【解析】(1)词句猜测题。根据Avoid leaving valuables in your room中Numerous staff members have master keys that can open every room in the hotel and the cleaning staff e nters your room at least once a day.While most are
9、professionals and wouldnt dream of taking anything, there*s no need to them by leaving your diamond ring on the bed or laptop in plain sight.(许多工作人员都有万能钥匙,可以打开酒店的每个房间,清洁人员每天至少进入您的房间一次。虽然大多 数人都是专业人士,不会梦想着要带任何东西,但没有必要把你的钻戒放在床上或笔记本电脑上 来他们。)可知划线词意思是吸引结合选项A.Persuade.劝说;B.Refuse.拒绝;C.Threat.威胁; D.Attract.
10、吸引。故选 D。(2)细节理解题。根据 Use the privacy signs whenever possible 中If you do have to leave your room make sure you hang the privacy sign.If the guest is in the room, hotel staff may avoid the guest. You can also turn your TV on to further indicate someones in the room i mproving the chances your stuff wil
11、l be safe.(如果您必须离开房间,请务必挂上隐私标志。如果客 人在房间内,酒店工作人员可能会避开客人。你也可以打开电视,进一步显示房间里有人,从而 提高你的物品安全的可能性。)可知如果你住在酒店,建议你确保隐私标志正常工作。故选C。(3)细节理解题。根据Learn the hotel exits中If youve ever experienced escaping from a hotel at 2 in the morning for a hotel fire, its not pleasant!Take a quick glance at the exit plan posted
12、in the room and be ready.Dont fetch your lug gage when you exit your room in a fire situation.(如果你曾经经历过凌晨2点因酒店火灾而逃离酒店 的经历,那就不愉快了!快速浏览一下房间里张贴的出口计划,做好准备。在火灾情况下离开房 间时,不要拿行李。)可知在火灾情况下,你应该立即逃离,不带任何行李。故选B。这是一篇应用文。文章主要给读者介绍如何通过简单但有效的酒店安全策略,最大限度地减少酒 店盗窃或其他酒店风险。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的
13、趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】D、B、B、A【解析】(1)D,细节理解题.根据第一段第三、四句Under the new regulation, residents ae required to classify household waste into four categories: kitchen, recyclable,hazardous and other waste. People who fail to sort their garbage prope
14、rly can be fined from 50 to 200 y uan. ”意为:根据新规定,居民需要将生活垃圾分为四类:厨房垃圾、可回收垃圾、危险垃圾和 其他垃圾.对垃圾分类不规范的,罚款50-200元.可知,D项符合原文信息.B项不符合规定, 排除 B;根据第二句Since May 1, Beijing has started to carry out mandatory (法定的) garbage-sorting in new efforts to better protect the environment.“意为:自 5 月 1 日起,北京开始实 施强制垃圾分类,以更好地保护环境
15、.可知,新规定已生效,排除A;根据第二段第二句 According to Xinhua,residents can earn points by classifying their domestic waste correctly and then exchange the points they accumulate for daily necessities such as soap. ”意为:据新华社报道,居民可以通过对生活垃圾进行 正确分类来获得积分,然后将积累的积分兑换成肥皂等生活必需品.可知,如果人们把生活垃圾 分类正确的话,他们可以赚到积分来换日用品而不是赚钱.排除C.故选D.(
16、2) B.细节理解题.根据第四段第二、三句However,garbage-sorting is still a big problem in China,its partly because many people lack the willingness to s ort their own waste. ”意为:然而,垃圾分类在中国仍然是一个大问题部分原因是许多人缺乏自己分类的意愿.可知,有些人不想费心分类垃圾.B项符合原文信息.根据第四段第一句 According to a report by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,over 90
17、 percent of the public believe that garbage-sorting is important for the protection of the environm ent. ”意为:根据生态环境部的一份报告,超过90%的公众认为垃圾分类对于保护环境很重要.可 知,大多数人都知道垃圾分类在保护环境方面的重要性.排除A项;C与D项文中未涉及.故选 B.(3) B.推理判断题.根据最后一段刘建国所说的话Its a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage sorting. Aside from China,
18、 many countries like Germany, Spain and Britain,also ask people to sort waste into specific categories. In Japan,there is a fixed time for the sorting of each kind of garbage and littering. 意为: 推进垃圾分类,必须有 法律保障,除了中国,德国、西班牙和英国等许多国家也要求人们将垃圾分类.在日本,每种垃 圾的分类都有固定的时间.由此可以判断,B项,垃圾分类需要一些法律,与原文信息一致,故 选B.(4) A.
19、标题归纳题.本文主要介绍了中国实施垃圾分类的规定及遇到的一些问题,结合文章第 一句If the three Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) is a guideline to save the planet,garbage-sorting is where the efforts start. 意为:如果说三个R (减少、再利用和再循环)是拯救地 球的指导方针,那么首先就从垃圾分类开始努力.A项中包含了 Garbage sorting, a new start , in China,符合题意,故选A.本文是一篇新闻报道.主要介绍了中国实施垃圾分类的规定及遇到的一些
20、问题.本文主要涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和标题归纳题.做细节理解题时,在明确题干要求的前提 下,去原文寻找相关信息,然后对选项进行比较和分析,从而作出正确选择.要做好推理判断题 推理判断题,要求考生能够充分理解阅读文章、分析语篇特征、寻找解题依据,在领会所给信息 的基础上做出正确的推理和判断.标题归纳题要理解文章内容并对表达的思想做出的确切、扼要 的概括.811 .【答案】C、A、B、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration site because muscle tissue contains im
21、portant immune cells.(肌肉是很好的疫苗注射部位,因为肌肉组织含有重要的免疫细胞);第二段中Muscle tissue also tends to keep vaccine reactions localized.(肌肉组织也倾向于将疫苗反应保持在局 部);倒数第四段“Yet another deciding factor in vaccine administration location is the size of the muscle.(另一个决定疫苗注射位置的因素是肌肉的大小)以及倒数第二段Another consideration during vaccine
22、administration is convenience and patient acceptability.(疫苗注 射的另一个考虑因素是方便性和患者可接受性)可知,在肌肉中注射疫苗的原因有四个。故选C。(2)细节理解题。根据第一段Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells.(肌肉是很好的疫苗注射部位,因为肌肉组织含有重要的免疫细胞)可知,肌肉是一个好的 疫苗注射部位是因为肌肉组织含有重要的免疫细胞。故选A。(3)细节理
23、解题。根据第二段中 If certain vaccines are injected into fat issue,the chance of painful redness or swelling increases because fat tissue has poor blood supply, leading to poor absorption of some vaccine components.(如果在月旨肪组织中注射特定的疫苗,由于月旨 肪组织供血不足,导致对某些疫苗成分的吸收不良,导致疼痛的红肿几率增加)可知,向脂肪组 织注射疫苗会产生的结果是局部疼痛。故选B。(4)文章出处
24、题。阅读全文以及根据文章第一段Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells.These immune cells recognize the antigen,a tiny piece of a virus or bacteria introduced by the vaccine that stimulates an immune response.(肌肉是 一个很好的疫苗注射部位,因为肌肉组织含有重要的免疫细胞。这些免疫细胞
25、识别抗原,这是疫 苗引入的一小块病毒或细菌,刺激免疫反应。)主要说明了肌肉是很好的疫苗注射部位,并陈述 了几点理由。可推知,文章选自健康杂志。故选D。这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了肌肉是很好的疫苗注射部位,并陈述了几点理由。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】(1) D.情感态度题。根据第一段中的 We are finally waking up to
26、the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately, its too little, too late.By the time these Hsolutionsn (解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知,我们认识到
27、了问题的严重性, 支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法,。不幸的是,我们的努力太少了, 也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候,骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知,作 者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用,因此作者感到很“失望”。结合选项: A. Panicked.惊慌的;B. Confused.困惑的;C. Embarrassed.尴尬的;D. Disappo血ed.失望的。 故选Do(2) A.细节理解题。根据第三段中的 The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount
28、 than precision. A decade of data breaches (数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name, and far more.Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means, for example, that a scammer
29、 could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tricking you into confirming your address, mothers name, and card number.可知,机器人通话之所以令人头痛,与其说与数量有关,不如说与精确度有关。长达十年 的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况:骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字,甚至更多。有了 这些知识,他们就能够开展有针
30、对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知,利用这种新的技术,欺 诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故选A。(3) B.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知,这项语音技术可以产生一个听起
31、来和人类 非常相似的声音,它可以和接待员进行交谈,进行预订。由此可知,这项新技术有其好的方面。 根据第三段的叙述可知,欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知,这项新技术 既可以发挥好的作用,也可能为坏人所利用,产生不好的影响,因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故 选B。(4) C.标题判断题。文章在第一段提到了自助语音电话带给人们的危害,紧接下来的两段又进 一步阐述这类电话带给人们危害的原因,并在倒数第二段阐述了减轻相关危害的方案,尾段最终 提出信任度是很难获得又很容易失去的东西,并且,由此涉及的相关问题也会越来越难以解决。 可知整篇文章都是在逐步阐述自助语音电话愈加危险的状况,所以c选项
32、:为什么语音电话会变 得更危险?最为题目最合适,故选C。这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真,欺诈现 象更加严重,解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题一般没有 标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必耍,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料; 其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后, 带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强 的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理
33、解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求, 才能做到稳、准。1620.【答案】G、F、B、C、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据下文However,it*s not just your mouth doing the talking the way you hold yourself is just as important.Here are some tips on body language to show positivity and kindness in communication with others.(然而, 说话的不 仅仅是你的嘴巴一一你控制自己的方式也同样重要。这里有一些关于肢体语言的
34、建议,可以帮助 你在与他人交流时表现出积极和友好的一面。)可知,本句是在说明说话的时机和方式,G选项 You want to say all the perfect things at all the right times.你想在合适的时候说所有完美的话。”符合 语境。故选G。(2)细节理解题。根据下文 If you turn up the corners of your mouth but your eyes stay the same, you could come off as insincere.(如果你嘴角上扬,但眼睛不变,你可能会显得不真诚。)可知, 本句是在说明微笑时,眼睛应当
35、如何行动。选项中的关键词reaches your eyes”与下文“eyes”属于同 一话题,F 选项When it comes to smiling, make sure it reaches your eyes!当微笑时,一定要让它触 及你的眼睛! ”符合语境。故选F。(3)主旨大意题。根据下文Dont be obvious,but try to match her body language and facial expression.By doing this,youll help the other person feel comfortable toward you.This mi
36、rroring technique has even been shown t o increase a persons good will toward the person mirroring her.(不要表现得太明显,但是试着去匹酉己 她的肢体语言和面部表情。通过这样做,你会帮助别人对你感到舒服。这种镜像技巧甚至被证明 可以增加一个人对镜像她的人的好感。)可知,此处表示镜像技术,B选项Mirror the person youle speaking with.镜像与您交谈的人。”是整段的概括,符合语境。故选B。 (4)细节理解题。根据上文This mirroring technique
37、 has even been shown to increase a persons good will toward the person mirrori ng her.(这种镜像技巧甚至被证明可以增加一个人对镜像她的人的好感。)可知,本句是对上文 提到的技术的评价:这是一种很简单的方法,但往往很有效,C选项中的关键词technique”与上文 属于同一话题。C选项Its an easy technique that can often pay off.这是一种很简单的方法,但往往 很有效”。符合语境,故选C。(5)推理判断题。根据下文And this can also show her t
38、hat youre listening to what she is saying.Avoid laughing out of nerves or be cause you have nothing to say.(这也可以让她知道你在听她说话。避免因为紧张或者无话可说而大 笑。)可知,本句是在说明如何做可以让对方知道你在听她说话:向他或她展示你有幽默感。D 选项中“her”与下文的“she”属于同一话题顺理成章。D选项Show him or her that you have a sense of humor.向他或她展示你有幽默感。符合语境,故选D。 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一些肢体语
39、言的技巧,可以在与他人交流时表现出积极和友善。 “七选五”选择题,主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和 掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1 .理清文章的逻辑和结构,2.在所给的原文中找出关键词 或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项,关键词则能帮助你 确定更多的细节,排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。2140.【答案】C、A、B、D、C、B、C、A、D、B、A、C、B、C、D、D、A、B、C、B 【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong坚强的;B.healthy健康的;Cbeautiful美丽的;D.independent独立
40、的。句意:我决定变得漂亮,或者至少变得苗条。由下文的or at the very least, skinny”可知,作者想要变得苗条,变得“漂亮”。故答案为C。(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.poor贫瘠的;B.standard标准的;C.proper合理的;D.original起 初的。句意:很快,我开始减肥,这让我很兴奋,我甚至开始喜欢由于我营养贫瘠的饮食带来的 疲劳和头晕,因为这些感觉意味着我正在取得胜利。由上文的“or at the very least,skinny.I stopped eating completely.Soon I began losing weight可矢口,作
41、者想要变得苗条,所以节食减 肥,饮食营养“贫瘠”。故答案为A。(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.losing失去;B.winning胜利,赢得;C.rising上升;D.running跑步。 句意:很快,我开始减肥,这让我很兴奋,我甚至开始喜欢由于我营养贫瘠的饮食带来的疲劳和 头晕,因为这些感觉意味着我正在取得胜利。由上文的Soon I began losing weight,which thrilled me”可知,作者因为自己体重减轻变得兴奋,觉得自己正在“胜利”减肥。故答案为B。(4)考查连词及语境理解。A.With随着(with复合结构);B.Though尽管;C.Because因为;D.
42、As 随着(接从句)。句意:随着比赛季的到来,我和我的排球总教练史密斯教练之间的关系变得紧 张起来。由下文的the season progressed”可知,这是句子,用As引导时间状语从句,表示“随着“, “with +名词/代词(宾语)+非谓语动词(宾补)”是with复合结构。故答案为D。(5)考查形容词及语境理解。A.limited有限的;B.smooth顺利的;C.uncomfortable令人不舒适的; D.tight紧的0句意:随着比赛季的到来,我和我的排球总教练史密斯教练之间的关系变得令人不 舒服。由下文的She tried to persuade me in a determi
43、ned way and so we fought”可知,作者和教练就 作者的饮食问题发生了争执,可知他们的关系变得“令人不舒适”,即变得紧张起来。故答案为C。(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.performance表演;B.fitness健康;C.emotion情感;D.mood情绪。 句意:她觉得我的身体有问题。由上文的the tiredness and lightheadedness that came with my 2 diet11 可知,作者因为节食头晕疲劳,教练察觉到了作者身体“健康”出了问题。故答案为B。(7)考查形容词及语境理解。A.embarrassed尴尬的;B.curious
44、好奇 的;C.annoyed恼怒的;D.cautious 小心的。句意:她和我谈论我的饮食,当她试图让我吃饭时,我对她充耳不闻,这让她很恼火。 由下文的“that I turned a deaf ear to her when she tried to make me eat”可知,作者不听教练的劝告, 教练对此”非常恼怒。故答案为C。(8)考查副词及语境理解。A.repeatedly不断地;B.accidentally意外地;C.generally 一般地; .gradually渐渐地。句意:她试图以坚定的方式说服我,因此我们不断地争吵。由上文的 that I turned a deaf e
45、ar to her when she tried to make me eat.She tried to persuade me in a determined w ay and so we fought”可知,教练想要说服作者好好吃饭,作者不听,所以他们之间斗争“不断”。故 答案为A。(9)考查名词及语境理解。A.anger怒气;B.anxiety焦虑;C.eagerness渴望;D.hunger饥饿。句 意:然后我的饥饿感开始影响我的表现。由上文”【began losing weight”可知,作者想要变苗条,因 此不吃饭,所以“饥饿”开始影响作者的表现。故答案为D。(10)考查名词及语境
46、理解。A.dilemma困境;B.struggle挣扎;C.opportunity机会;D.coincidence 巧合。句意:我太累了,以至于练习和比赛都成了一种挣扎。由上句was so tired”可知,因为饮 食不当,作者总是感觉疲劳,以至于练习和比赛都成了一种“挣扎”。故答案为B。(11)考查名词及语境理解。A.disappointment 失望;B.excitement 兴奋;C.astonishment 惊愕; D.encouragement鼓励。句意:她看着我,眼里流露出失望,知道她不能让我停下来,于是走开了。 由上文的“汕hurt in her eyes”可知,面对不听劝的作者
47、,教练感到“失望”和受伤。故答案为A。(12)考查动词及语境理解。A.recognized认可;B.estimated估计;C.realized意识到;D.assumed 假设。句意:当时我意识到因为我的无礼,我毁了我的高三,我可能也毁了她的期望。由下文的 1 had ruined my senior year”可知,作者”意识到“自己毁了自己的高三。故答案为C。(13)考查形容词及语境理解。A.naughty淘气的;B.disrespected不尊重的,无礼的;C.discouraged 气馁的;D.dishonest不诚实的。句意:当时我意识到因为我的无礼,我毁了我的高三,我可能也 毁了她
48、的期望。由上文的“I turned a deaf ear to her when she tried to make me eat.She tried to persuade me in a determined way a nd so we fought”可知,作者不听教练劝告,一直反抗教练,不尊重教练,所以是作者的“无礼”毁 了自己的高三。故答案为B。(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.persuading 说服;B.praising 赞扬;C.apologizing 道歉;D.rewarding 奖励。句意:所以那天晚上我给她写了一封信,向她致歉和感谢。由上文的1 had probably
49、ruined her expectations as well”可知,作者觉得自己也毁了教练的生活,因此写信是 为了“道歉”和感谢教练。故答案为C。(15)考查副词及语境理解。A.randomly随机地;B.patiently耐心地;C.casually随意地;D.gently 轻轻地。句意:一个星期六,当我在图书馆看书时,我感到有人轻轻地抓住我的胳膊轻声说:” 林恩琼斯,你好吗? ”由下文的“take my arm and say softly”可知,是“轻轻“抓住胳膊。故答案为D。(16)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looked around参观;B.looked over浏览;C.looked down向下 看;D.looked up向上看。句意:我抬起头,看到了那张熟悉的脸。由下文的and saw the familiar face