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1、英语高考专题复习讲与练8替代词it, that, one, which, so的用法比拟英语的代替现象比汉语普遍，使用代词的场合比汉语多。大多数句子中均用代词代替上 文谈到的人、事物或情况，防止了对较多名词、冠词的反复使用，这样大大简化了句子。最常用于表示替代关系的词语有it, that, which, one, so等，近几年高考试题中均对这些 词的用法进行了考查，可见这几个替代词的用法非常重要。下面归纳它们表示替代时的不同 用法。一、it的用法1、it指代上文所提事物的本身it表时间、强调等的用法此处不说明)，如果所代替 的事物为复数，则应该用they或them表示。2、it也可以用来代替
2、上文所提到的一件事。l.The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.(NMET2001,25)A. they B.it C.oneD.which1.1 am looking for a house. Td like with a brook around.A.one,it B.it,it C.one,one D.it,one.Marys mother always told her to work hard, but didnt help.3 . 一Do you like
3、these photos? 一 Yes,are very beautiful and I like very much.A.they,those B.they,them C.ones,ones D.the ones, the ones.Are you still using your old car? No, I sold the other day.A.it B.one C.that one D.the one.Yesterday I lost my pen, but now I have found.7.Where are my books?are on the TV set.8 .Whe
4、re have you put my shoes? I cant find anywhere.A.themB.thoseC.ones D.the ones.Where did you buy the watch? Would you please get for me?9 .Dont read in the sun.is bad for your eyes.二、that的用法1、that用来指前文中确定的非同一事物，常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代词连 用的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the+名词，其复数形式为those。2、that表替代时为始终是特指(作指示代词和关系代词用时另论)
5、，可指上文谈到的 人、物或情况(均为单数)，可代替可数名词和不可数名词。3、假设that所代替的内容为前置用法，即要代替的内容将出现在下文中，一般用this,these 或 the following 表示。1 .一He was nearly drowned once一When was?(NMET2002 Beijing spring)was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This.Equipped with modern facilities, today9s librarie
6、s differ from (2003 Shanghaispring,26)A.those of the pastB.the pastC.which of the past D.those past.Few pleasure can equal _of a cool drink on a hot day. (NMET99,17; NMET99 Guangdong,29)A.someB,anyC.thatD.those.The population of Sichuan Province is larger than of any province in China.A.oneB.itC.tha
7、tD.the one.What I want to suggest is: Everyone should have another try. We neednt only wait fbr help.2 .You see, the accident happened like: The red car hit the bus and made all the traffic stop.3 .Listen!is about the lessons we will have to finish today.4 .The climate here is quite different from o
8、f Shengyang.A.that B.itC.oneD.the one.The study of idioms is as important as of grammar.5 .My seat is next to of my teacher.三、which的用法1、在后置的非限制性定语从句中代替上文出现的事物或情况(单数或复数)。2、在问句中作为疑问代词，在名词从句中作为连接代词用，其含义为“哪个、哪些。3、如果非限制性定语从句的先行词不是指主句内容，而是指具体的人、时间、地点， 则不用whicho4、如果非限制性定语从句前置,则用aso.Dorothy was always speak
9、ing highly of her role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET2000J7)A.who B.whichC.thisD.what.The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadnt expected. (NMET2000 Beijing spring, 10)A.when B.thatC.whichD.what.China has its own English language newspaper, China Daily,is publ
10、ished in Beijing.1 .China Daily has plenty of advertisements,help to cut the costs of making the newspapers.2 .would you like better, the blue one or the red one?1.1 dont know in direction the thief ran away.7 .The old scientist went to the U.S.A in 1921,he spent his last years.8 .we all know, China
11、 is developing at a great speed to catch up with the western countries.9 . At last we came to an old castle,roof was in a bad state.AlO.The man was standing behind the window,he could see what was happening outside the house.四、one的用法1、常用来代替与上文所提到人或物相类似的不确定的另一人或物泛指)，且被替 代者为可数名词单数形式。2、假设下文替代者表示非特指含义，则
12、用a/anadjone形式表示；假设下文替代 者为另一特指含义，则用the one或the一adjone表示；假设下文替代时为复数含义，则用the一adj-ones或the ones表示。3、 one作替代词用时，其前可加某些形容词或限定词，如the,this,that,which,each,every,any,但一般不能直接在其前加物主代词。4、one被后置定语修饰表示特指时，前面应加the；被形容词修饰表示泛指时，其前应 加a/an；被形容词修饰表示特指时其前应加the。5、one作主语时，其对应的物主代词用one飞或his,反身代词用oneself或himself, 重复主语用one或h
13、e。3.1 hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have. (NMET95,21)A.itB.thoseC.themD.one.一Why dont we take a little break?一Didnt we just have? (NMET2000,23)A.it B.thatC.oneD.this.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, one I will always treasure. (NMET2002,35)A.that
14、B.oneC.itD.what. Did a letter come for me? Yes, there was for you this morning.2 .He has a blue pen and two red.A.one B.onesC.those D.the onesbrought a necklace to you that day, but it was.A. a different one B.different one C.the different one D.different onesdont like this blue cat, Id like.A. the
15、red one B.red one C.a red D.that reddont like this expensive cake,is OK.A.cheap one B.that cheap C.a cheap one D.a cheaphould love country.A.One,herB.She,herB.One,ones D.One,onesSuch a drug will make find it hard to go without it.11 .Yesterday I lost my pen, but Ive bought.A.it B.that C.one D.the on
16、e.Young people like seeing the film, but old dont.12 .This book is that is needed by all of us.A.it B.one C.that D.the one.He is who gave us the talk yesterday.13 .1s this museum they paid a visit to yesterday?16 .Your old bike is, its much better thanA.a good one,my new one B.good one,my oneC.a goo
17、d,my new oneD.one good,new my one.This advice is different from.A.that one B.that C.it D.the one.The books on the table are more than on the bookshelf.17 .A cake made of wheat costs less than made of rice.18 .Do you like red ink or?A.blue oneB.blueC.the blue one D.red ink.The step youve taken is of
18、much risk.A.one22.Im told youve got some foreign stamps. Will you please give me?A.one B.it C.that D.the one五、so的用法1、so表示替代常用来代替上文中出现的内容，尤其是上文内容在下文中以宾语从句形 式出现时。2、如果在下文被代替者为否认含义的宾语从句，常用否认动词+s。或直接用not代替。 如：1. 一The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?.(NMET2003 Beijing spring,22)A.I guess no
19、t so B.I dont guess C.I dont guess so D.I guess not一Do you think its going to rain over the weekend?.(NMET94J3)A.I dont believeB.I dont believe it C.I believe not so D.I believe not)2. 一Do you think its going to rain again?一I, but I.A.think not,hope so B.not think,so hope C.dont think so,dont hope so D.think not,hope not一Do you think its going to be fine ? -Yes, and I.A.expect thatB.expect soC.expect itD.expect themWill they come back again?No, I.A.dont believe B.not believe C.believe notD.dont believe that