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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)1、That flood has been several times to prove that its important to take preventiveA. referred toz actionsB. referred, measureC. referred, actionD. referred to, measures2、Sometimes a strong others attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A. passion for, adju
2、stment todevotion to; compassion inB. fascination with; approach todesire for; lack of3、Norris twice knocked down his in the early rounds of the fight.A. opponents. asteroidC. nephewD. triathlete4、The winner will receive of books.A. a ten pound worthB. ten pound worthyC. ten pounds worthD. ten pound
3、s worthy5、To his, it rained every day and ruined the trip.A. disappointmentB. delightC. amazementD. satisfaction6、As a soldier, he showed selfless to duty.A. devotionB. conservationC. assumptionD. comparison7、Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.-OK, I will.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD.
4、 attention8、Through this, the disease was stopped in its tracks.A. infectionB. interruptionC. interventionD. intuition elements 要素；B. season 季节：C. factors 因素：D. climate 气候。根据后文“to get nucleic acid tests表示勇敢 做某事”应用 brave the elements to。应选 A。11、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管多年来遭到出版商的拒绝，她仍坚持要成为一名作家。A. enduranc
5、e耐力，持 久力；B. rejection拒绝,抛弃；C. blessing祝福,祈祷，福祉;D. companionship友谊，情谊。根据句意可知, rejection 拒绝，抛弃”,符合题意。应选B项。12、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一安静点，儿子！我在工作时需要绝对的沉默。一一对不起，爸爸。我不会再发 出声响了。A. silence寂静，沉默；B. trust信任;C. control控制;D. strength力量。由语境中父亲要求安静和 儿子做的回答不难推断，父亲想要安静的工作环境。应选A。13、答案：B解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：懒惰是他失败的原因。A. reas
6、on原因；B. cause原因；C. excuse借口； D. way方法。 reason说明某种行为或看法的理由，后接介词for： cause说明某种事实或现象的原因，后接介词。f。应选B。14、答案：B解析：考查名词和非谓语。句意：拖延症往往会给人们成功追求目标的能力带来阻碍，这一点很明显，例如，拖延 症与学校成绩较差有关。A.a questionof pursuing问题；追求B.an obstacleto pursue阻碍；追求”C.a dilemma . to pursue困境；追求D.a hindrance. to pursuing”阻碍;追求固定搭配 ones ability t
7、o do sth“某 人的做某事的能力，故排除选项A和D。在根据句意，拖延症是会阻碍成功的。应选B。15、答案：A解析:10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？ 一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀: B. record 记录；C. range 范围，界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文for happiness and a long life及Living every day to the full, definitely”可知，此处指秘诀应选 A 项。16、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息，以便那
8、些阅读我们的帖子的人不 总挂念我们。A. issues发行；B. updates最新消息；C. descriptions描写；D. schedules计划。根据句意可知， 为了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示“最新消息”， 应用updates,应选B。17、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝被邀请在许多著名的科学家面前演讲深感荣幸。A. function功能；B.request 请求；C. process 过程;D. honour 荣幸。根据be invited to speak in front of many famous scien
9、tists”可知, 对爱丽丝而言，这是莫大的荣幸。应选D。18、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，新版本不如旧版本好。A. packs背包；B. aspects方面；C. styles方式; D. points要点。根据后文“the new version is not as good as the old one”指在许多方面新版本不如I口版本好，应 用aspect。应选Bo19、答案:A解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：最近，金融市场的国际化、电子媒体的信息传播以及全球化的其他方面都加剧了 对小”语言的威胁。A.threat威胁;B. site地点;遗址；Grange范围；D.
10、extinction灭绝。根据句意可知,金 融市场的国际化、电子媒体的信息传播以及全球化会促进语言的统一，因此会威胁到小语言，导致其消失。应选A。1120、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C. sign标志；D. mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，“signal意为信号，名词词性，符合语境。应选B项。21、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我相信他的演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。一一是的，他们被深深地打动了。 A.impact 影响；B.advance 进步；C. harmony 和谐
11、；D. accommodation 住处。根据they were deeply moved.可 知，演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。应选A项。22、答案：A解析：考查固定短语和时态,句意：当老师在批改我的试卷时，我希望她会把我考前生病了这个事实考虑在内。account账户，解释，表达；count计算，总数。take sth into account考虑到，顾及，是固定短语；根据my teacher will take into”使用的一般将来时可知，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，应选A项。23、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多车站都有从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。A.叩p
12、roval赞成：B. average平 均数；C.access 通道；D.angle角度。由下文“from the car park or entrance to the station platforms”可知，此处 说的是从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。应选C。小提示：24、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。A.cause原因；B.resource资源；C.course课程；D.source来源。根据句意可知，要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。应选D项。1225、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A
13、. benefit益处；B.relief慰藉;C. preference爱好，偏好；D. defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断,这是“我“ 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。26、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confirmation 证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your plan可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B
14、。27、答案：D解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：琳达高中毕业后想要出国深造，但是她需要征求父母的许可。A.movement运动；B.profession职业；C.destination目的地；D.permission准许。结合句意可知，permission准许”符合题意，故 选择D项。28、答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition 雄心抱负；B. adaptation 适应，改编；C. expectation 期待;D. qualification 资格。根据句意，watching this screen Norwegi
15、an nJ,此处表达小说的电影改编版本，应选B,29、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：机器一定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B. noisy adj.噪杂的;C. voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。1330、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上长途汽车、火车或飞机之前，你必须检查一下包里的东西，以确保你没有携 带任何危险物品。A.details细节;B. contents内容，所容纳之物;C. ingredients原料;D. entrances入口。由 语意可知，为了确保没有携带危险物品，你必须检杳包里所装的
16、东西。应选B项。31、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation一代;B. statistic统计:C. nutrition 营养；D. discovery 发现。根据后文of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria”指青霉素的发 现，应用discovery*应选Do32、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析,句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料，成分；B. convention习俗，惯
17、例，大会；C. compound混合物，合成 词;D. composition成分构成，组成，创作。由语意可知，composition成分构成，组成“符合题意。应选D项。33、答案：C解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示“我阿姨的一个朋友“，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe in oneself（相信自己）。应选C。34、答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment评论，differ“有区别,有分歧“；respe
18、ct尊敬,damage损害;伤害”；benefit益处;好处”,14 destroy毁坏；expectation期待，decorate装饰。根据句意，相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也会损害人际关系 和自尊。应选B。小提示：35、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过 保持联系。A. contact联系；B. contract合同；C. construct构想；D. confuse混淆。固定搭配：in contact with与.有联系应选A。36、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感 兴趣。A. motivation 动力
19、；动机;B. cooperation 合作;C. qualification 资格;D. interaction 相互作用。根据whether he has an interest in it”可知，感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。37、答案：A解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象； B pany公司;C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university”和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a false impression错误的印象，符合语境。应选A。38、答案：A解析：考查名词词义
20、辨析。句意：我们应该共同努力，因为你的贡献将对和平事业产生影响。A. difference区分，不 同;B. determination决心;C. comment评论；D. challenge挑战。结合句意可知,此处为固定短语:make a difference”有影响,有关系。应选A。39、答案：C解析:15 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义,signal station,意为信号站,能对
21、来往船只发出危险、警告等信号,signal作station的定 语，符合语境，应选C项。40、答案：B解析：考查名词。句意:他对新药品的开展做出了巨大贡献。A. challenge挑战;B. contribution贡献;C. character角 色；D. concern担忧。分析句子可知，动作的对象是新药品的研发，结合选项这里应该指“他对此做出了贡献”, 符合短语 make a contribution to。应选 B 项。41、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析 句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。 A.sample 样木；B.product 产品；C.
22、seed 种子；D.ancestor 祖先。由前面的“bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth”可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是“样本。应选A。42、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就去领取结婚证，这是不明智的。A.acquisition 习得；B. identification 识别；C. certificate 证明;D. qualification 资格。结合句意和句中“which is not sensible可推知，Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就
23、结婚领证，是不明智的行为。名词词组marriage certificate意为“结婚证书，符合句意。应选C项。43、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一些队友抱怨说，他缺乏对集体的奉献。A. commitment承诺、奉献；B. appointment约会；C. engagement订婚；D. amusement娱乐。此处指队友抱怨他没有为集体奉献服务， commitment符合句意。应选A。1644、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经验丰富的工人的指导下，我们按时完成了艰巨的任务。A.potential潜力；B.bonus奖金；C.bug故障;D.guidance指导。结合句
24、意中,经验丰富的工人,可知guidance指导”,符合句意, 应选择D项。45、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的“小银行被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文”例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies“紧急情况符合句意，应选择A项。46、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍在等待测试结果确实认。A.confirm
25、ation确认；B.mission任务；Constitution机构;D.foundation建立。根据句意和语境,可知应是确认测试结果,应选A。47、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个城市的吸引人之处有很多，比方它的主题公园、大型露天水幕电影、周日市 民游行等等。A. collections 收集；B. attractions 吸引；C. relations 关系；D. occasions 场合。根据后文“of this city are quite a fewz like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, th
26、e Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so on”可知此处指这个城市的吸引人之处，应用collections。应选B。48、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为期一周的庆祝活动将以激动人心的番茄大战作为本周活动的亮点。A. antique古17 董：B. duration 持续时间；C. highlight 最好的局部;D. scenery 风景。根据an exciting tomato battle可知, highlight”最好的局部符合句意。应选C。49、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人选择在超市购物，因为超市提供各种各样的商品。A. c
27、ombination组 合；B. mixture混合物；C. extension延伸；D. variety品种。结合语境，a great variety of各种各样的，作量词, 固定搭配，符合题意。应选D项。50、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。一一好的，我们会的，妈妈。opportunity机会;B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为,举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告 诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。51、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水过后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. acc
28、ommodation 住宿;B. qualification 资格：C. occupation 职业;D. admission 进入。根据后文“for the homeless families”指为无 家可归的家庭提供住宿，应用accommodation。应选A。52、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A. Agreements同意；B. Environments 环境；C. Instruments 仪器，JL具；D. Achievements 成就。The Four Great Achievements 为固定用法，意为“四 大创造”。应选D项。5
29、3、答案：A解析:18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们享受着网上购物的极大便利，但也有很高的风险，因为我们可能被不老实的 卖家欺骗。A. convenience 方便,便利;B. confidence 信心;C. experience 经验;D. intelligence 智力,才智。 根据句意和生活常识可知，网上购物给我们带来了极大的便利，convenience意为方便，便利，符合句意。应选A项。54、答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。句意：知道教育对人们生活的巨大影响，他在2016年创办了一所学校，帮助偏远地区的儿童 接受教育。A.source源头；B. quality质量：C. advance进
30、步；D. impact影响。根据句意可知，他在偏远地区创 建了一所学校是因为他知道教育对人们生活有着巨大的影响，impact on”对有影响。应选D。55、答案：A解析：考查句子成分。句意：第一周有点混乱。The first week为名词短语，作主语；a little confusing为形容词短语, 作表语，应选A。199、We made him our monitor.划线成分是A.宾语B.定语C.状语D.宾补10、Citizens are braving the to get nucleic acid tests as COVID-19 outbreak has reoccurred
31、in Harbin.A. elementsB. seasonC. factorsD. climate11、 Despite years of from publishers, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a writer.A. enduranceB. rejectionC. blessingD. companionship12、Keep quiet, son! I need complete when Im working.Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again.A. sil
32、enceB. trustC. controlD. strength13、Laziness is the of his failure.A. reasonB. causeC. excuseD. way14、Procrastination can often pose to peoples ability their goals successfully, which is evident, forexample, in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.A. a question . of p
33、ursuingB. an obstacle . to pursueC. a dilemma . to pursueD. a hindrance . to pursuing15、Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt16 We will be posting a series of regularly form now on so those who read our posts
34、wont beconcerned about us.A. issuesB. updatesC. descriptionsD. schedules17、 It was a great for Alice to be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists.A. functionB. requestC. processD. honour18、In many the new version is not as good as the old one.A. packsB. aspectsC. stylesD. points19、More
35、recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electronic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified the to z/smair languages.A. threatB. siteC. rangeD. extinction20、We waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark21 Im
36、sure his speech has had a great on the people there.一Yes, they were deeply moved.A. impactB. advanceC. harmonyD. accommodation22、I hope my teacher will take into the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she mypaper.A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked23、Many s
37、tations have wheelchair from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.A. approvals. averageC. accessD. angle24、It might be very difficult to find the of the information.A. causeB. resourceC. courseD. sourceI have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefits. reli
38、efC. preferenceD. defenceDieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement27、Linda wants to go abroad for further study after graduating from high school, but she needs to ask for her parents.A. move
39、mentB. professionC. destinationD. permission28、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. qualification29、There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. noiseB. noisyC.
40、 voice30、Before getting on a coach, a train or plane, you must have the of your bag checked to make sure youarent carrying any dangerous things.A. detailsB. contentsC. ingredientsD. entrances31、The of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statisticC. nutritionD. dis
41、covery32、The of the group that will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition33、一A friend of thinks she wont pass the exam.I think sh
42、e should believe in. Thats the secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunts; herC. my aunts; herselfLack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relationships andyour self-esteem.A. comment. differB. respect. damageC. benefit. destroyD. expectation . decorate35、We stay
43、in with each other by telephone.A. contactB. contractC. constructD. confuse36、The stronger the is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whetherhe has an interest in it.A. motivationB. cooperationC. qualificationD. interaction37 Youll get a false of the town if y
44、ou only visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent、 We should make joint efforts, for your contribution will make a to the cause of peace.A. differences. determinationC. commentD. challenge The first warning was from a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereap
45、proaching danger.A. sighB. signC. signalD. image40、He made a great to the development of the new medicine.A. challengeB. contributionC. characterD. concern41、Scientists want to bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth on whats called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. seedD. ancestor42 Ange
46、la and Ajani will pick up the marriage after they meet online several times, which is not sensible.A. acquisitions. identificationC. certificateD. qualification43、Some of his teammates complained that he showed a lack of to the team.A. commitmentB. appointmentC. engagementD. amusement44、Thanks to th
47、e of the experienced worker, we completed the difficult task on time.A. potentials. bonusC. bugD. guidanceMums Little Bank was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.A. emergenciesB. proposalsC. functionsD. individuality46、Though I was sure of
48、my performance, Tm still waiting for of the test results.A. confirmationB. missionC. institutionD. foundation47、The of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the SundayParade of Citizens, and so on.A. collectionsB. attractionsC. relationsD. occasions48、A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the of the weeks events.A. antiqueB. durationC. highl