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1、Module 7 Great booksUnit 3专项突破般现在时的被动语态=语法精讲=一、动词的语态_、冲动语态-表示主语是动作的执行者 回巩的而及 表示主语是动作的承受者，常飞随吗尸由by引出执行者，意为“被”二、一般现在时的被动语态的构成句式构成肯定句主语+am/i s/are+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）.否认句主语+am/is/are+not+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）.一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）？三、被动语态的用法以下四种情况经常使用被动语
2、态来表达：Why are popular books made into films?强调动作的承受者为什么流行的书被改编成电影？不知道或没必要指出动作The book is written in everyday English.的执行者这本书用日常英语写成。Were stopped at home by the heavy rain. 当动作的执行者不是“人”大雨把我们困在家里。表示“据说；据报道；人们It is reported that a rainstorm is coming.相信”等时，常用“It is+过去据报道一场暴风雨就要来了。分词+that从句”四、主动语态与被动语态的转
3、换主语谓语 宾语主动语态：Tomwatersflowersevery day.被动语态:Flowers are watered by Tom every day.【助记】主动语态变被动语态的方法宾变主；主变宾;by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。【温馨提示】.主动语态中，动词make, let, hear, see, watch和notice等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但 在被动语态中,to不可省略。1 .动词need, want以及短语be worth等后接动名词时，用主动形式表示被动含义。2 .不及物动词或动词短语没有被动语态，如disappear, happ
4、en, last, take place, come out等。语法集训 I.用所给词的适当形式填空In some countries, tea is served(serve) with milk and sugar.1. His room isn9t cleaned(not clean) every day.2. Are her clothes washed(wash) very often?3. He is seen(see) to play football on the playground every Sunday morning.4. Who is the baby looked
5、(look) after by?II .将以下句子改成被动语态Most people speak English in Canada.English is spoken by most people in Canada.1. People think he is a great thinker.He is thought to be a great thinker.2. People choose Tom as the president of the club.Tom is chosen as the president of the club.3. Parents punish the c
6、hildren for their bad behavior.Children are punished fon their bad behavior.4. He takes medicine three times a day.Medicine is taken by him three times a day.中考体验III .用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（2021 彳余州中考）1 cant remember what it is named（name）, but it has two strings, and is a bit like a violin.2（2021 无锡中考）The
7、 beans of this kind are sold（sell） in only a few coffee shops in Shanghai at present.3. （2020泰州中考）Rubbish is separated（separate） into groups in many other cities now, following the practice in Shanghai.IV.单项选择（2021 北京中考）Today, many winter Olympic sports even by children.A. enjoyedB. enjoyC. were enj
8、oyed D. are enjoyed【解析】选D。考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如今，许多冬季奥运会工程甚至受到孩子们的喜爱。由“Today”知应用一般现在时；又由“by children”知用被动，所以用一般现在时的被动语态:is/are/am+ 过去分词。1. （2021 吉林中考）一Lets eat some snacks.Better not. Eating in the library.A. are not allowed B. doesnt allow C. is not allowed【解析】选c。考查被动语态。句意:咱们吃点零食吧。一最好别吃。吃东西在图书馆是不被 允许的。主语
9、Eating是动作allow的承受者，要用被动语态，而且动名词作主语要用系动词的单数形 式。2. （2021 益阳中考）一How clean the roads are!一They by the hard-working cleaners every day.A. are cleanedB. clean C. will clean【解析】选A。考查动词的时态和语态。every day表示每天，一般现在时常用的时间状语。其次主 语They指代roads,和谓语clean是被动关系，表示被清扫，那么此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结 构是主语+i s/am/are+doneo（2021 召B阳中考
10、）Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.一Actually, lots of convenience（方便）for us.A. provided B. was provided C. is provided【解析】选C。考查动词的时态和语态。句子表述的是一般性的事实，所以用一般现在时，主语 convenience是动作provide的承受者，所以用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态的构成是：主语 +am/is/are+动词的过去分词。3. （2021 梧州中考）In our English class, many chances to stude
11、nts to show themselves.A. offer B. are offered C. offered【解析】选B。考查被动语态。many chances许多机会，复数名词作主语，机会是被提供的，应用are offeredo（2021 南京中考）Our school library with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxedwhile studying or reading there.A. decoratesB. decoratedC. is decoratedD. was decorating【解析】选c。考查
12、动词的时态和语态。句意：我们学校的图书馆装饰着植物，可爱的桌椅，所以我在 那里学习或阅读时感到很放松。由语境可知，使用一般现在时;school library与decorate之间存在被动 关系，使用被动语态。因此，使用一般现在时的被动语态。4. （2021 十堰中考）Fishing in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.A. allowsB. is allowedC. isnt allowedD. wont allow【解析】选C。考查被动语态。句意：为了保护汉江的生态系统，捕鱼是不被允许的。句子的主语fishing 与all
13、ow为被动关系，应用被动语态。根据空格后句意“为了保护汉江的生态系统”可知，此处应表达“不 允许捕鱼”，应用否认句。=话题分析=写作话题：谈论名著和作家写作内容：介绍名著的主要内容写作指导：介绍喜欢的原因，能用被动语态描述事情或表达观点典例研磨你校英语俱乐部正开展征文活动，要求介绍你所读过的一本书。你草拟了写作流程图，请根据下 图用英语写一篇90词左右的短文参加活动。考前须知:1 .短文须根据流程图自拟；.提供的书名非限定性内容，。Step 1:审题研要求.人称：第三人称为主1 .时态：一般现在时.核心：介绍一本书Step 2:列纲研结构细节介绍卜收篇结尾卜书名：The Old Man and
14、 the Sea written by an American writerErnest HemingwayJ1主要角色：a fisherman who is lucky enough to catch a huge fish at sea主要内容：finds it hard to.;fight against the shark and the sea最喜欢的局部:never gives up when meeting with difficultiesJL“攵获:the well-known sentence 感受:nothing seems terribleStep 3:润色磨篇章The
15、 boQkld like to share with you is Maa and thewriter ErnestHemingway.C1;This bopk tells about a fi5hgrman who is lucky enough to catch a huge fish at se运but finds it hard to take it home On the way back, he has to tight against the shark and the sea. WhatJlliJkfejnQStabmLtlbfebQQk is thatjthc fishcnn
16、an neYcrgiYCSup when meetingwilh difficulties . zzx/yv/,s/,Z*zxzz,xzz/,/szs/开门见山，直入主题，介绍 书的名称和作者。简要介绍书的内容，言简意 赅，并且使用定语从句，起到 画龙点睛的作用。I still remember the well-known sentence from the book: Man is not made for defeat. This tells us that nQthinN sccms tcrrible as longashaye strQnN will anda brave heart
17、. XrfXX/SZ%ZVXZ*ZXZSZ%ZsZ,X%ZSZXZXZSZSZ使用长难句介绍书中最喜欢 的局部，表达作者的语言功底, 无疑是一个高分亮点。阅读此书的收获和感悟，写 出了真实的自我感受。实战写作你一定读过很多书吧，选一本你最喜欢的名著向我们介绍一下吧。提示：1 .作者简介；.主人公及故事情节;2 .喜欢的原因。根据以上提示，写一篇约90词的短文。【参考范文】My favourite book is Hany Potter. Its written by J. K. Rowling. Harry Potter is a magical school student who wear
18、s glasses and has no parents. He is very brave and clever. When I first read the book, I found it very exciting and interesting. So I read it again and again, and each time I have different feelings. Now the book is very popular with young students. If you havent read the book yet, read it now and y
19、oull find a wonderful world.【语用储藏】话题词汇 写作write 写；tell 讲述;describe 描述;read 阅读；love 喜爱；think 认为；influence 影响 特点great伟大的；wise睿智的；famous著名的;well-known众所周知的；interesting有趣的; 评价exciting令人兴奋的角色 The main story主要的局部;the hero of the book这本书的主角;adventure story冒险故事;be情节 interested in对感兴趣 话题句式 开头句：1. One of my fa
20、vourite great books is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, by Mark Twain.我最喜爱的名著之一是马克吐温写的汤姆索亚历险记。2.1 like Harry Potter best.我最喜欢哈利波特。过渡句：1. Tom is the hero of the book.汤姆是这本书的主角。2. The story describes the lives of people during the nineteenth century.这个故事描述了 19世纪人们的生活。3. It tells how children challenge the difficulties.它讲述了孩子们如何挑战困难。结尾句：1. It is thought to be one of the greatest American stories.它被认为是最伟大的美国小说之一。2. It is still read and loved by people all over the world.它仍被全世界的人们阅读和喜爰。话题谚语：1. A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。2. Enlarge your views by reading.读书以长见识。