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1、人与自然之环境保护（练）时间：50 满分：50分钟得分I .单句语法填空(每小题1分,共10分)1 .The government9s economic (policy) have further improved living standards.2 .The concert will (broadcast) live tomorrow evening.3 .Some books have been sent to the countryside because the pupils there are starving knowledge.4 .For the first two week
2、s, patients (restrict) to the grounds.5 .Before they (release),the sea lions were fitted with electronic tracking devices.6 .Many people are concerned about animals and wildlife (conserve).7 .They arrived to carry out a health and safety (inspect) of the building.8 . As is reported, the new safety (
3、regulate) will be in force next month.9 .These measures are aimed at (restore) public confidence in the education system.10 .Drivers who exceed the speed limit can expect to (fine) heavily.【答案】1.policies 2.be broadcast/broadcasted3.for 4.are restricted 5. were released 6.conservation7.inspection 8.r
4、egulation 9.restoring 10.be finedII.阅读填空(每小题2分，共10分)(2021 江西高三月考)A WeChat mini-program for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Gaines was officially launched on July 2.1 . And it will also change their low-carbon behaviors such as walking, bike riding, as well as bus and subway taking, into carbon point
5、s“ in their accounts, which can be exchanged for some awards.2. For example, a user can get 0.02 carbon points per step, up to 200 points per day, 174 points for participating in the clear your plate“ campaign each time, and 209 points for taking a bus. Quantifying (量化) low-carbon activities with ca
6、rbon points enables the public to gradually develop a green and low-carbon lifestyle.工To actively respond to the global climate change, reducing carbon emission and achieving carbon neutrality (碳中和)has become a must in major international sports events. 4, The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games made
7、an even bolder move by launching a nationwide low-carbon campaign and developing a mini-program for the public to help reduce carbon emission.The Beijing 2022 has always remained committed to being green, low-carbon and sustainable, from its bidding to preparation. 5, All venues are constructed unde
8、r the national green building standards.A. It will be popular among many international experts.B. It will open an individual carbon account for each user.C. More importantly, it contributes to a greener sport event.D. Different amounts of carbon points are based on how low-carbon the activities are.
9、E. It has continuously made breakthroughs in low-carbon energy, venues, and transportation.F. Carbon neutrality refers to taking steps to balance carbon emissions from human activities.G. In the past, major sports events usually achieved this through forestry management, and renewable projects. 【答案】
10、1. B2. D3. C4. G5. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们介绍了 2022年北京冬奥会的低碳举措，以此来鼓励人们形成绿色 低碳的生活方式。1. 根据上文“AWeChat mini-program for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games was officially launched on July 2. （7月2日,北京2022年冬奥会微信小节目正式开播。）”和下文And it will also change their low-carbon behaviors such as walking, bike riding, as w
11、ell as bus and subway taking, into “carbon points“ in their accounts, which can be exchanged for some awards.（还将改变他们的低碳行为，如步行、骑自行车，以及乘坐公共汽车 和地铁，在他们的账户中变成“碳点 可以换取一些奖励。）”可知，空处介绍了这个节目开播的好处。B项： It will open an individual carbon account for each user.（它将为每个用户开设一个个人碳账户）符合语境。故 选Bo根据下文“For example, a user c
12、an get 0.02 carbon points per step, up to 200 points per day, 174 points for participating in the clear your plate“ campaign each time, and 209 points for taking a bus.（例如， 用户每走步 可以得到0.02分，每天最多可以得到200分，每次参加“清牌”活动可以得到174分，乘坐公交车可以得到 209分。）”可知，空格后举例说明如何使用碳积分来量化人们的低碳行为。D项：Different amounts of carbon poi
13、nts are based on how low-carbon the activities are.（不同数量的碳点是根据活动的低碳程度而定的。）符:合 语境。故选D。2. 根据上文“Quantifying （量化）low-carbon activities with carbon points enables the public to gradually develop a green and low-carbon lifestyle.（用碳点量化低碳活动，使公众逐步形成绿色低碳生活方式。）”可知，空格前 讲使用碳积分来量化人们的低碳行为，可以让公众逐步形成绿色低碳的生活方式，空处说明这
14、样做的好处。 C 项：More importantly, it contributes to a greener sport event.（更重要的是，它有助于更环保的体育赛事。） 符合语境。故选C。3. 根据上文“To actively respond to the global climate change, reducing carbon emission and achieving carbon neutrality （碳中和）has become a must in major international sports events.（为积极应对全球气候变化，减少碳 排放、实现碳中和
15、已成为重大国际体育赛事的必备条件。）“可知，空格前讲为了积极应对全球气候变化， 在重大国际体育赛事中减少碳排放量，实现碳中和已成为一件必要之事。G项：In the past, major sports events usually achieved this through forestry management, and renewable projects.（在过去，在大型体育赛事中通常通 过森林管理和可再生项目来实现（碳中和）与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。4. 根据上文“The Beijing 2022 has always remained committed to being g
16、reen, low-carbon and sustainable, from its bidding to preparation.（从申办至U筹备，北京2022年冬奥会始终坚持绿色、低碳、可持续的理念。）”可知， 空格前讲从申办到准备（北京冬奥会），2022年北京始终致力于绿色、低碳和可持续发展。空格后讲所有的 场馆均按照国家绿色建筑标准建设。E 项：It has continuously made breakthroughs in low-carbon energy, venues, and transportation.（它在低碳能源，场馆和交通等方面不断取得突破）承上启下，符合语境。故
17、选E。III.语法填空（每小题L5分，共15分）（2021 .浙江.高三期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。These days, people are trying to live in a “greerT way. Advocates of living in greener L （community） think it is not a good idea to delay 2. （solve） environmental problems. They say we can use ideas and technologies available
18、 3. （create） the city of the future today.For example, in the green city of the future, modern buildings 4. （design） to save water and energy. Outdated buildings of the past were not. Rooftops covered with grass and other living plants provide insulation （隔热材料） 5. keeps buildings cooler. These roofs
19、 can also collect and reuse rainwater that would otherwise be wasted.Besides, citizens of the green city understand that protecting native species 6. （be） the key to protecting natural spaces. Because native plants are original to the ecosystem, they provide the best habitats 7, local insects, birds
20、 and other animals. Native plants can also 8, （well） adapt to the local climate and require less water.Residents also recognize that a process called composting （堆月巴）helps reduce 9. amount of solid waste and increase the richness of local soil. People first mix food waste with water and air in large
21、 bins. Then 10. （help） bacteria break down this pile of garbage“ into an eco-friendly and economical fertilizer.【答案】1. communities2. solving3. to create4. aredesigned5. that/which6. isfor8. better9. thelO. helpful【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绿色社区的建立。1 .考查名词复数。句意：提倡生活在绿色社区的人认为，推迟解决环境问题不是一个好主意。community 为可数名词，且表示
22、复数，故填communities。2 .考查非谓语动词。句意：提倡生活在绿色社区的人认为，推迟解决环境问题不是一个好主意。delay doing 为固定搭配，意为“推迟做某事”，故填solving。3 .考查非谓语动词。句意：他们说，我们今天可以利用现有的思想和技术来创造未来的城市。分析句子 结构可知，此处为不定式作目的状语，故填tocreate。4 .考查动词时态语态。句意：例如，在未来的绿色城市中，现代建筑的设计都是为了节约水和能源。根据 上下文可知，此处应该用一般现在时；主语modern build ings和动词des ign之间为被动关系，故填are designedo 5.考查定语
23、从句。句意：用草和其他植物覆盖的屋顶提供了隔热，使建筑物保持凉爽。分析句子结构可知， 此句为限定性定语从句，先行词为insulation,指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填 that 或 whicho.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，绿色城市的市民明白，保护本地物种是保护自然空间的关键。分析 句子结构可知，主语是protecting native species,单个的动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；根据上下文可知， 此处应该用一般现在时。故填is。6 .考查介词。句意：因为本地植物是生态系统的原始产物，它们为当地的昆虫、鸟类和其他动物提供了最 好的栖息地。prov
24、ide sth for sb为固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物。故填for。7 .考查副词比较级。句意：本土植物也能更好地适应当地气候，需要更少的水。根据less water可知，此 处应该用比较级。故填better。8 .考查冠词。句意：居民们还认识到，一种称为堆肥的过程有助于减少固体废物的数量，并增加当地土壤 的丰富性。the amount of为固定用法，意为“的数量故填the。9 .考查形容词。句意：然后有益的细菌将这堆“垃圾”分解成一种环保、经济的肥料。分析空后的bacteria 为名词可知，此处应填形容词作定语，故填helpful。IV.应用文写作（15分）（2021.河北衡水中学模
25、拟预测）假定你是李华，你校最近发起了针对全球污染问题的宣传活动。请你在校 报的英语专栏写一封公开信，给同学们提出建议，内容包括：1 .海洋里的垃圾越来越多；.空气污染严重;；.解决方法及建议。注意：L词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】范文Dear friends，As we can see, there will be more and more rubbish in the ocean. Besides, air pollution is still serious.In my view, we should take action to reduce polluti
26、on. Firstly, laws must be made to forbid people from throwing rub-bish at will, which may help the ocean become clean soon. Whats more, we should plant more trees to get more fresh air. Last but not least, we should increase the awareness of protecting the environment. Only by doing so can pollution
27、 problems be paid enough attention to.Ydufs,Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封公开信，针对全球污染问题给同学们提出建议。1.词汇积累严重的：serioussevere禁止：forbidban随意地：at will=at liberty 保护：protectpreserve 2 .句式拓展同义句转换原句： As we can see, there will be more and more rubbish in the ocean. Besides, air pollution is still serious. 拓展句： A
28、s we can see, there will be more and more rubbish in the ocean, with air pollution still serious.【点睛】高分句型 11 Firstly, laws must be made to forbid people from throwing rubbish at will, which may help the ocean become clean soon.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 Only by doing so can pollution problems be paid enough attention to.（运用 了部分倒装）