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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)1、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. qualification答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition 雄心抱负；B. adaptation 适应，改编；C. expectatio
2、n 期待；D. qualification 资格。根据句意，watching this screen和Norwegian 可知，此处表达小说的电影“改编版本，应选B。2、 There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. noiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：机器一定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B.noisy adj.噪杂的; C.voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。3、 These me
3、asures have been taken with a (n) to increasing the company*s profits.A. viewB. intentionC. purposeD. aim答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B.intention意图；目 的；C.purpose目的；D.aim目标；目的。短语with a view to表示为了；指望，是固定搭配，而其他选项没 有这样的搭配。应选A。4、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.受到赞誉，可
4、表示被引以为荣的人或物。have the honour of doing sth.有幸做某事，glory 光荣侧重于获 得的令人称颂的光荣或荣誉地位。根据句意，此处表示引以为傲的事情。应选A。29 Mr. Green is a good. He is kind to his workers.A. employB. employeeC. employerD. employment答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：格林先生是个好雇主。他对工人很好。A. employ雇用，既可以用作动词也可以用 作名词；B. employee雇员，职工；C.employer老板；D.employment雇用，职
5、业。根据空后He is kind to his workers.可知，空处需用名词employer,表示格林先生是好雇主，对工人好。应选C。30、 The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A. broadcasts, strategyC. contributionD. neighborhood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播；B.strategy策略； (contribution贡献；D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子
6、。应选Do31、 We can guess when the play takes place, telling by the colorful on the stage.A. sceneryB. sightC. sceneD. view答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以通过舞台上五彩缤纷的场景猜出这出戏发生的时间。A.scenery风景；B.sight视野;C.scene布景;D.view观点。由。n the stage可知，此处指的是“舞台上五彩缤纷的布景，应选Co1032、The resolution will be significant for the nation to
7、 seize the period of strategic as it faces the mostcomplicated external environments.A. organizationB. oppositionC. opportunityD. occupation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该决议对于我国在最复杂的外部环境下抓住战略机遇期具有重要意义。A.organization组织；B. opposition反对；C. opportunity机会；D. occupation职业。根据句意可知,这里表示“抓 住战略机遇期，应选C。33 In the picture t
8、here are many and two.A. sheep; foxesB. sheeps; foxC. sheeps; foxesD. sheep;foxs答案：A解析：考查名词单复数辨析。句意：图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意，由many许多，可知I she即用复数形式， sheep羊，单复数同形；空格二由two可知，fox用复数形式，fox狐狸，复数形式为foxes。应选A项。34、 Mr. Tony always has to tell his students at the beginning of his lectures.A. a good newsB. some good p
9、iece of newsC. some good pieces of newsD. some piece of good news答案：c解析：考查量词短语。句意：在课程开始时，托尼先生总是有一些好消息告诉学生们。结合句意和选项可知，news 意为新闻，消息是不可数名词，想要表达数量，可用量词短语，即选项中的pieceof,意为条，个，而量 词短语中piece是可数的，其前有some修饰要用复数形式。应选C项。35、He, who had been granted （准许）an of his contract with the club for another two years, was o
10、ver the moon.11A. visionB. extensionC. assumptionD. consumption答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被俱乐部准许将合同再延长两年，这真是太高兴了。A. vision视力、视野；B. extension延长；C. assumption假定；D.consumption消费、消耗量。根据句意可知，合同续约了,他非常高 兴，因此合同延长符合语境。应选B项。36、What he said and did during the earthquake made a deep on us.A. decisionB. situationC. im
11、pressionD. position答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在地震期间的言行给我们留下了深刻的印象。A. decision决定；B. situation情况;C. impression E|J象；D. position 位置。根据上文“What he said and did during the earthquake made a deep可知指 给某人留下深刻印象,短语为make a deep impression on sb.o应选Co37、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of t
12、he it can bring to the development ofthe brains of children.A. systemsB. prioritiesC. barriersD. benefits答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为它可以给孩子们的大脑开展带来好处。A. systems系 统；B. priorities 优先权；C. barriers 障碍；D. benefits 利益。根据it can bring to the development of the brains of children可知，教授音乐对大脑开展带来好处。应选D。38、T
13、he media are filled with about what roles women should play in society.A. crisisB. conventionC. stereotypesD. substances答案：C12解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充满着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B.convention 习俗；C. stereotypes 亥U板E象；D. substances 物质。 由 what roles women should play in society 可矢口, 媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色
14、，总有一个刻板印象。应选C项。39、A short from Cusco takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest.A. fightB. flightC. frightD. failure答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从库斯科乘坐短途飞机把你从安第斯山脉带进亚马逊雨林。A.fight打架；B. flight 飞行；C. fright 惊吓；D. failure 失败。根据takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest”可知,此处表示乘 坐飞机。应选B项。40 Most vegetabl
15、es we buy in winter are planted in the.A. packageB. creditC. arrangementD. greenhouse答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们冬天买的大局部蔬菜都种在温室里。A. package包裹；B. credit信用，学分， 赞扬；C. arrangement安排；D. greenhouse温室。根据常识可知，冬天买的蔬菜大局部是生长在温室里的。故 选D。41、 The event didnt live up to.A. expectedB. unexpectedC. expectationsD. expecting答
16、案：c解析：考查名词的数。句意：这次活动辜负了人们的期望。live up to expectations到达预期，不负所望，用复数名词 expectations, 应选 Co1342、For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond theirA. inspirations. restorationC. fascinationD. comprehension答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远
17、远超出他们的理解。A.inspiration 灵感；B. restoration 恢复；C. fascination 魅力；D. comprehension 理解。 根据For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review,可知，考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。应选D。43、 Youd better make extra copies of this important file in case you need it for future.A. preferences. potentialC. referenceD. r
18、eservation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好把这局部重要文件额外复制一下，以备将来参考需要。A.preference偏爱； B.potential潜力;C.reference参考;D.reservation预定。结合句意可知，reference参考符合句意，应选择C 项。44、 Lily hoped she would pass her driving test at the first.A. attackB. actionC. attemptD. affection答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莉莉希望她一次就能通过驾驶考试。A. attack攻击；B. acti
19、on行动；C.attempt尝 试；D. affection感情。at the first attempt表示“第,次尝试”，符合句意要求。应选C。45、 The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A. protestB. protectC. projectD. propose答案：C14解析：考查名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C.project方案（名词）；计划
20、（动词）；D.propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词project方案符合句意。应选C。46 It is a great for me to work as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.A. signalB. functionC. honorD. agreement答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为2022年冬奥会的志愿者，我感到非常荣幸。A. signal信号；B. function功能;C. honor 荣幸；D. agreement 同意。根据work as a v
21、olunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.”可知，能够成为 2022 年冬奥会的志愿者感到荣幸。应选C。47、Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we achieve a sense of security, love, and acceptance.A. rejections. equationC. impressionD. companionship答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过和一些对我们很重要的人进行交往，我们获得了平安感、爱情、友谊和认可。A.rejection
22、 拒绝；B.equation 等同；C.impression E象;D panionship 友谊、情谊。根据a sense of security, love, and acceptance 可知，我们获得了平安感、爱情、友谊和认可。应选D项。48、He is living of the wonders of modern medicine.A. comebackB. philosophyC. proofD. belief答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是现代医学奇迹的活生生的证明。A. comeback复出，东山再起；B. philosophy15生活信条；C.proof证明；D.
23、belief信仰。根据后文“the wonders of modern medicine”可知，他是现代医学奇迹 的证明。应选C项。49、 Covid-19 vaccines are used to strengthen the bodys to infection.A. resolutionB. reservationC. resistanceD. separation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：新冠病毒疫苗用于增强身体对感染的抵抗力。A. resolution决心；B.reservation预 约；C. resistance阻力，抵抗力；D. separation别离。根据后文t
24、o infection指增强身体对感染的抵抗力, resistance符合语境。应选CoNews of their safety came as a great.A. attemptB. disasterC. emergencyD. relief答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使我们松了一口气。A.attempt尝试；B.disaster灾难;C.emergency突发事件；D.relief抚慰。根据News of their safety came可知,他们平安的消息传来,使我们松 了一口气。应选D项。50、 I want to know the sporting
25、that catch the people/s attention in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在中国吸引人们注意的体育赛事。A. accidents意外，事故；B.events事 件，体育工程；C. incidents事件；D. occasions时机，场合。根据sporting可知，此处是指体育工程。应选B。小提小：1651、 Norman Bethune is one of in China, but he wasnt Chinese he was Canadia
26、n.A. most famous heroesB. the most famous herosC. most famous herosD. the most famous heroes答案：D解析：考查形容词最高级和名词的数。句意：诺尔曼白求恩是中国最著名的英雄之一，但他不是中国人一一他是加 拿大人。此处为one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构，表示最之一；famous最高级在前面加the mosto 应选 DoI am sure David will be able to find the library. He has a pretty good of direction.A. id
27、eaB. feelingC. experienceD. sense答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信大卫能找到图书馆。他的方向感很好。A. idea想法；B. feeling感情；C.experience经历；D. sense感觉。结合后文of direction表示方向感短语为a sense of directiono应选Do54、My teacher has given me lots of. Theyre very useful.A. informationB. newsC. suggestionsD. advice答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老师给了我很多建议。
28、他们是非常有用的。A. information信息，不可数名词; B. news新闻，不可数名词；C.suggestions建议，可数名词复数；D.advice建议，不可数名词。根据后文Theyre可知，此处lots of后需接可数名词复数suggestions。应选C。55、For countries such as Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal, ecotourism is an important part of the.A. politicsB. historyC. geographyD. economy17答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于哥斯达黎加
29、、肯尼亚和尼泊尔等国来说，生态旅游是经济的重要组成局部。A.politics政治；B. history历史；C.geography地理；D.economy经济。根据语意分析，可知生态旅游与经济有 关，D. economy经济符合语境。应选D项。18A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B. selection选择；C. description 描述；D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，
30、此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond description为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。5、The of the group that will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义
31、辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料，成分；B.convention习俗，惯例,大会；C pound混合物,合成 词；D. composition成分构成，组成,创作。由语意可知，composition成分构成，组成符合题意。应选D项。6、A friend of thinks she wont pass the exam.I think she should believe in. Thats the secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunts; her
32、C. my aunts; herself答案：c解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示“我阿姨的一个朋友，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe inoneself（相信自己）。应选Co7、Lack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relationships and your self-esteem.A. comment. differB. respect. damageC. benef
33、it. destroyD. expectation . decorate答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析二句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。 comment”评论,differ有区别，有分歧；respect尊敬，damage”损害；伤害;benefit”益处；好处, destroy毁坏；expectation期待，decorate装饰。根据句意，相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也会损害人际关系 和自尊。应选B。小提示：8、 We stay in with each other by telephone.A. contactB. contractC. construct
34、D. confuse答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过 保持联系。A. contact联系；B. contract合同；C.construct构想;D. confuse混淆。固定搭配：in contact with与有联系。应选A。9、The stronger the is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whether hehas an interest in it.A. motivationB. cooperationC. qualificationD. in
35、teraction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感 兴趣。A. motivation 动力；动机；B. cooperation 合作；C. qualification 资格；D. interaction 相互作用。根据 “whether he has an interest in it可知I,感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。10、 Youll get a false of the town if you only visit the university.3A. impressionB. companyC. youthD.
36、 rent答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象； B pany公司；C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a false impression错误的印象,符合语境。应选A。11、 We should make joint efforts, for your contribution will make a to the cause of peace.A. differences. determinationC. comment
37、D. challenge答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该共同努力，因为你的贡献将对和平事业产生影响。A. difference区分，不 同；B. determination决心;C ment评论;D.challenge挑战。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语：make a difference有影响,有关系。应选A。12、The first warning was from a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereapproaching danger.A. sighB. signC. signalD
38、. image答案:c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义,signal station,意为信号站,能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号，signal作station的定 语，符合语境，应选C项。13、He made a great to the development of the new medicine.A. challenges. contributionC. characterD.
39、 concern答案：B 解析：考查名词。句意：他对新药品的开展做出了巨大贡献。A.challenge挑战;B. contribution贡献；C.character角 色；D. concern担忧。分析句子可知，动作的对象是新药品的研发，结合选项这里应该指他对此做出了贡献, 符合短语 make a contribution to。应选 B 项。14、Scientists want to bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth on whats called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. see
40、dD. ancestor答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。A.sample 样本；B.product 产品；C.seed 种子；D.ancestor 祖先。由前面的bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是样本。应选A。15、 The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A. commentB. decisionC. impression
41、D. effect答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A ment评论；B.decision决定；C.impression印 象；D.effect影响。根据后句on how different the two boys are (这两个男孩有多么不同)”可知为评论的具体 内容，固定短语make a comment on对做出评论。应选A。16、Last week his performance secured him the for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival.A. rewardB. prizeC
42、. awardD. bonus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，他的表演为他赢得了好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖。reward报酬；奖 励；prize奖金；award奖；奖品；bonus”额夕卜津贴；红利，根据下文“for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival”可知，此处说的是“好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖，应选C。17 Thanks to the of the experienced worker, we completed the difficult task on time.A. potentials. bonu
43、sC. bugD. guidance答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经验丰富的工人的指导下，我们按时完成了艰巨的任务。A.potential潜力； B.bonus奖金；C.bug故障；D.guidance指导。结合句意中，经验丰富的工人，可知guidance”指导，符合句意, 应选择D项。18、 Mums Little Bank was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.A. emergenciesB. proposalsC. fu
44、nctionsD. individuality答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的小银行被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies紧急情况符合句意，应选择A项。19、 Though I was sure of my performance, Km still waiting for of the test re
45、sults.A. confirmationB. missionC. institutionD. foundation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍在等待测试结果确实认。A.confirmation确认；B.mission任务；Constitution机构；D.foundation建立。根据句意和语境,可知应是确认测试结果，应选A。20 Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A.
46、 the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意：抽出时间来学习和参加课外活动是一个巨大的挑战。因此我需要做一个切实可行的时 间表。A. the time时间；B. times时代;C. schedule时间表；D.schedules时间表（复数）。根据句意可知,抽 出时间学习和做课外活动是一个挑战，所以要制定计划，而且根据单词a可知，应选可数名词单数，应选C。小提示：根据句意来选择合适的词，根据名词前面的冠词可知应填单数还是复数。21 The government has announced a new to help lowe
47、r the greenhouse gas emissions.A. advisorB. budgetC. initiativeD. perspective答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府宣布了一项新举措，以帮助减少温室气体的排放。A. advisor顾问；B. budget预算；c. initiative 建议；新方案；D. perspective 态度。根据announced及to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions”可知，initiative建议;新方案符合句意。应选C。22、 It was discovered that childr
48、en dislike watching their siblings fight. In fact, they respond to by supportingone sibling and pushing the other.A. commcntsB. rcflcctionsC. argumcntsD. occasions答案：c解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们发现孩子们不喜欢看兄弟姐妹打架。事实上，他们对争吵的反响是支持兄弟7姐妹中的一个,并且排挤另一个。A. comments评论;B.reflections反思,反射；C.arguments争吵;D.occasions场合，机会。根据前文fight