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1、应用型大学英语综合教程第三册Unit4 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Language in Use Enhancement of Language Abilities Unit 3Unit FourTableofContents Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext2上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1contentStarterText:A doctor or
2、 a quack?Working with words and phrasesDiscussionPractice:interpretingPractice:translationPractice:writingSurfing the InternetHighlightsTableofContentsPart 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext3上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1highlightsHighlightsS:NaturalcuresordoctorsL:AcleverdoctorandameanpatientR:Adocto
3、roraquack?W:RepeatingkeynounstoachievecoherenceinaparagraphInternetwork:IntroducingtraditionalChinesemedicinePart 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext4上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext1.Starterfocus1starterA.Work with a partner and answer the following questions.1.Doyoubelieveinnaturalcures?2.Haveyouever
4、comeacrossanirresponsibleorill-mannereddoctor?Nottotally.Whileitistruethatsomediseasescanbecuredwithouttakingtraditionaldrugs,modernmedicineisindispensable.Wheneverapersonissick,heorsheshouldconsultadoctor.Yes.Thiskindofdoctorisdetestable.Theytotallyforgettheirprofessionalethics,andmoreoftenthannot,
5、theylacktherequisitespecialistskills.5B.Listen to a story and fill in the blanks.focus1starter上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext1.Thebusinessmanalwaystriedto_forwhatheneeded.2.Dr.Smithcharged_forthefirstvisit,butonlytwenty-fivedollarsfor_.3.Dr.Smithsaidtherewasnoneedtoexaminethebusinessmanagain.He
6、askedhimtocontinuetakingthemedicine4._.heprescribedlasttimeeachvisitafterthatfivehundreddollarspayaslittleaspossible6A Clever Doctor and a Mean Patient There was a businessman who always tried to pay as little as possible for what he needed.One day he fell ill.He decided to go to a doctor and asked
7、a friend to recommend one.“Dr.Smith is a good one,”the friend told him.“Is he expensive?”the businessman asked.“Yes and no.He charges five hundred dollars for the first visit,but only twenty-five dollars for each visit after that.”“That seems reasonable,”the businessman said,and went to visit Dr.Smi
8、th.focus1starter 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext7focus1starter 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.Starter As he walked into the consulting room,he said,“Well,here I am again.”and put twenty-five dollars on the table.The doctor looked at the businessman carefully for a moment,then smiled and put the money int
9、o the drawer of his desk.“Thank you,”he said.“And what can I do for you today?”“Examine me,of course,”the businessman said,“and tell me whats wrong with me.”“Oh,theres no need for me to examine you again,”the doctor said.“Just continue taking the medicine I prescribed to you when you came to me last
10、 time.”BackNext8focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in Text Organization9focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in10focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in11focus1text2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?1 The modern doctors business is an extremely simple one,which could be ac
11、quired in about two weeks.This is the way it is done.Translation医生医生还还是江湖郎中？是江湖郎中？1 现在干医生这一行非常简单，大约只需两个礼拜就能学会。下面就是医生怎么看病的。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext 12focus1text2 The patient enters the consulting room.“Doctor,”he says,“I have a bad pain.”“Where is it?”“Here.”“Stand up,”says the doctor,“and put you
12、r arms up above your head.”Then the doctor goes behind the patient and strikes him a powerful blow on the back.“Do you feel that?”he says.“I do,”says the patient.Then the doctor turns suddenly and lets him have a left hook under the heart.(To be continued)Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext 2 病人
13、走进诊室，对医生说：“医生，我痛死了！”医生问：“哪里痛？”“这里。”医生说：“站起来，把胳膊举过头。”随后，医生走到病人背后，在他的后背猛击了一下。医生问：“感觉到痛了吗？”病人答道：“感觉到了。”医生又突然转过来，在他心脏下方来了一记左钩拳。Note that strike here means“to hitforciblyanddeliberatelywithoneshandoraweapon(打，击)”.e.g.strikeaheavyblowattheaggressorsItcanalsomean“(ofathoughtoranidea)to come into ones mind
14、suddenly andunexpectedly(突然想到)”.e.g.Theplanstrikesmeasridiculous.Sometimesstrikeisusedinthesenseof“refusingtoworkasaprotestoverpayorconditions(罢工)”.Itmayfunctioneitherasanounorasaverb.e.g.be/go/comeoutonstrikeThe unionhas votedtostrikefora payincreaseof6%.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?13focus1text“Can
15、you feel that?”he says viciously,as the patient falls over on the sofa in a heap.“Get up,”says the doctor,and counts ten.The patient rises.The doctor looks him over very carefully without speaking,and then suddenly fetches him a blow in the stomach that doubles him up speechless.The doctor walks ove
16、r to the window and reads the morning paper for a while.(To be continued)Translation病人倒在沙发上，瘫作一团，医生却恶狠狠地问：“这样痛不痛？起来。”医生边说边从一数到十。病人就站了起来。医生仔细地观察着他，一言不发。然后突然在病人的腹部捶了一拳，他痛得弯下身去，话都说不出来。医生则走到窗户边，读了一会晨报。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext heap:n.C一堆e.g.Hisclotheswereinacrumpledheaponthefloor.vt.堆积，堆置e.g.Heheapedt
17、heleavesupinthecornerofthegarden.fall,collapse,etc.inaheap:重重地倒下（不能动）e.g.Shecollapsedinaheaponthefloor.looksb./sth.over:认真打量某人/某物e.g.Theylookedoverthelittleboy.double(sb.)up:（因剧痛或大笑而）弯身子e.g.Mostofthecrowddoubledupwithlaughterateveryjoke.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?viciously:ad.残酷地，凶狠地，恶毒地e.g.Passers-
18、byjustlookedonasamanwasviciouslyattacked.The adjective form of viciously isvicious.vicious:a.1)残酷的；充满仇恨的e.g.Hehasavicioustemper.2)恶劣的，严重的e.g.Theviciousspiralofunemployment and homelessness gaverisetomoreserioussocialcrises.14focus1textPresently he turns and begins to mutter more to himself than to t
19、he patient.“Hum!”he says,“theres a slight anaesthesia of the tympanum.”“Is that so?”says the patient,in an agony of fear.“What can I do about it,doctor?”“Well,”says the doctor,“I want you to keep very quiet;youll have to go to bed and stay there and keep quiet.”(To be continued)Translation没一会儿，他转过身来
20、，不像是对病人说话，更像自言自语：“哦，是轻度中耳炎。”“是这样吗？”病人问道，感到无比恐惧。“医生，我该怎么做呢？”医生说：“你要保持安静；你必须躺在床上，保持安静。”上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext 2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?15focus1textIn reality,of course,the doctor hasnt the least idea what is wrong with the man;but he DOES know that if he will go to bed and keep quiet,awfully qu
21、iet,hell either get quietly well again or else die a quiet death.Meantime,if the doctor calls every morning and thumps and beats him,he can keep the patient submissive and perhaps force him to confess what is wrong with him.Translation当然，其实呢，医生根本不知道病人的问题出在哪儿，但他明白，只要病人愿意躺在床上并保持安静，而且是非常的安静，那他要么在不知不觉中康
22、复，要么就会静悄悄地死去。同时，如果医生每天早上都去走访病人，揍他一顿，就能让他乖乖听话，或许还能迫使他承认自己得了什么病。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextQuestions about Para.2 nothavetheleast/slightest/faintest idea(of):丝毫不知道e.g.They havent the least ideawhythemayorleftsoearly.thump:vt./vi.1)重击，狠打e.g.Hethumpedthetableangrily.2)撞击，嘭地发出闷响e.g.Abirdthumpedagainstthe
23、window.n.1)C重击声，碰撞声e.g.Therewasathumpasthetruckhitthebank.2)C重击，撞击e.g.IfhedoesthatagainImgoingtogivehimagoodthump.submissive:a.恭顺的，服从的e.g.He was looking for a quiet,submissivewife.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?161.How does the doctor diagnose the patient at the beginning?focus1text Hediagnoseshispatien
24、tbystrikinghimquick,unexpected,andpowerfulblows.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?17focus1text 2.What advice does the doctor give to the patient even if he has no idea what is wrong with the patient?What is the doctors motive for giving this advice?Headvisesthepatienttogotobedand
25、staythereandkeepquiet.This may result in eithera quietrecovery or a quietdeath.Ineithercase,thepatientwontcometohimandcomplainabouthistreatment.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?18focus1text 3.What does the doctor hope to achieve when he calls every morning and thumps and beats h
26、is patient?Hehopesthatinthiswayhecankeepthepatientsubmissiveandperhapsforcehimtoconfesswhatiswrongwithhim.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?19 3 病人完全被吓住了，问道：“医生，饮食方面要注意什么？”4 对这个问题有多种回答，这取决于医生当时的情绪，以及距他自己上次吃饭的时间。如果在接近中午时，医生已经很饿了，他便会说：“哦，别害怕，多吃点；肉、蔬菜、淀粉、胶水、水泥，想吃啥就吃啥。”focus1text3 “W
27、hat about diet,doctor?”says the patient,completely cowed.4 The answer to this question varies very much.It depends on how the doctor is feeling and whether it is long since he had a meal himself.If it is late in the morning and the doctor is extremely hungry,he says,“Oh,eat plenty,dont be afraid of
28、it;eat meat,vegetables,starch,glue,cement,anything you like.”（To be continued）Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextcowed:a.使感到胆怯的，自惭形秽的e.g.She was easily cowed bypeopleinauthority.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?20但如果他刚刚吃过午饭，嘴里还喷着一股浓浓的黑果派的味道，他就会语气坚决地说：“不，别吃任何东西，一口都不能吃；这对你没有坏处，因为在饮食方面稍加克制是世界上最美好的事。”focu
29、s1textBut if the doctor has just had lunch and if his breathing is short-circuited with huckleberry pie,he says very firmly,“No,I dont want you to eat anything at all,absolutely not a bite;it wont hurt you,a little self-denial in the matter of eating is the best thing in the world.”Translation上海交通大上
30、海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextself-denial:n.U克己；（宗教）弃绝自我e.g.alifeofself-denialandsacrificeinthematterof:在方面；关于，至于e.g.Wearenottrainedinthematterofagriculturalbusiness.Question about Para.4 2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?21focus1text 4.How does the doctor reply to the patients questions on diet?Theanswertothisques
31、tionvariesverymuch.Heislikelytoadvisethepatienttoeatplentywhenitislateinthemorningandheisextremelyhungry.Buthelladvisehispatientnottoeatanythingifhehasjusthadlunchandisveryfull.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?225 病人问：“那喝酒呢？”同样，医生的答案也会有很多种。他可能会说：“噢，可以，偶尔来一杯陈啤，或者你喜欢的话，喝一杯加苏打水的杜松子
32、酒，或者威士忌。我想，在睡觉之前我更喜欢来一杯苏格兰热巧克力威士忌，再加上几块方糖和几片柠檬。”focus1text 5 “And what about drinking?”Again the doctors answer varies.He may say,“Oh,yes,you might drink a glass of lager now and then,or,if you prefer it,a gin and soda or a whisky,and I think before going to bed Id take a hot Scotch with a couple of
33、 lumps of white sugar and bit of lemon peel in it.”（To be continued）Translation上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextnowandthen:有时，时而e.g.Nowandthenshecheckedtoseeifhewasstillasleep.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?23focus1textThe doctor says this with real feeling,and his eyes glisten with the pure love of his profe
34、ssion.But if,on the other hand,the doctor has spent the night before at a little gathering of medical friends,he is very apt to forbid the patient to touch alcohol in any shape,and to dismiss the subject with great severity.Translation医生讲到这些的时候非常兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光，充满了对自己职业由衷的热爱。但是如果医生前一晚参加了一伙医生朋友的聚会，他就会禁止病人碰
35、任何形式的酒精，并且严厉地拒谈这一话题。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextapt:a.1)易于，倾向于beapttodosth.:倾向于做某事e.g.Thekitchenroofisapttoleakwhenitrains.2)恰当的，合适的e.g.Chrisproducedanaptcommentwhichsummeduphowweallfelt.3)聪明的；敏捷的e.g.Wehavesomeparticularlyaptstudentsintheclassthisyear.In the present context,the verbdismiss is used in
36、 the sense of“deciding that sth./sb.is notimportantandnotworthconsidering不予考虑，对不屑一提”.e.g.He dismissed the opinionpollsasworthless.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?24focus1text 6 Of course,this treatment in and of itself would appear too transparent,and would fail to inspire the patient with proper confide
37、nce.But nowadays this element is supplied by the work of the analytical laboratory.Whatever is wrong with the patient,the doctor insists on snipping off parts and pieces and extracts of him and sending them mysteriously away to be analyzed.(To be continued)Translation6 当然，这种治疗本身太容易令人起疑，因而无法激起病人应有的信心
38、。但是如今有化验室可以帮助做到这一点。无论病人得什么病，医生都会坚持从他身上切割下这样或那样的零零碎碎的东西，然后神神秘秘地送去化验。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextinandofitself:就其本身而言e.g.Theideainandofitselfisnotbad,butthesideissuesintroducemanydifficulties.snip:vt./vi.（用剪刀快速）剪，剪断e.g.Snipatinyholeinthepaper.snipoff:（快速）剪去，剪掉e.g.Snipofftheendofthetube.extract:n.C,U提取物
39、，精华e.g.face creamcontainingnaturalplantextractsvt.提取，提炼e.g.toextractessentialoilsfromplants2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?transparent:a.1)显而易见的；易识破的e.g.transparentlies2)透明的；清澈的e.g.Theinsectswingsarealmosttransparent.25focus1text He cuts off a lock of the patients hair,and marks it,“Mr.Smiths Hair,Octobe
40、r,2001.”Then he clips off the lower part of the ear,and wraps it in paper,and labels it,“Part of Mr.Smiths Ear,October,2001.”Then he looks the patient up and down,with the scissors in his hand,and if he sees any likely part of him he clips it off and wraps it up.Now this,oddly enough,is the very thi
41、ng that fills the patient up with that sense of personal importance which is worth paying for.(To be continued)Translation比如，医生会剪掉病人的一缕头发并做上标记：“史密斯先生的头发，2001年10月”。然后，医生切掉病人耳朵的下部，用纸包起来并做上标记：“史密斯先生的部分耳朵，2001年10月”。医生从上到下仔细打量病人，手里拿着剪刀，只要看到任何疑似跟病情有关的地方，就会从病人身上剪去，并包起来。奇怪的是，这种做法却令病人觉得自己很受重视，因而值得为此花钱。上海交通大上
42、海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextclipoff:剪下，剪掉e.g.Heclippedoffalengthofwire.clipoffananimalstailwrap:vt.包，裹e.g.He spent the eveningwrappingtheChristmaspresents.Wrapisoftenusedwith“up”.e.g.wrapupthefruitslooksb.upanddown:上下仔细打量；苛求地审视（某人）e.g.They looked me up anddown.sth.beworthdoing:值得（费周折）做某事e.g.What is worth d
43、oing isworthdoingwell.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?26focus1text“Yes,”says the bandaged patient,later in the day to a group of friends much impressed,“the doctor thinks there may be a slight anaesthesia of the tympanum,but hes sent my ear to New York and my appendix to Baltimore and a lock of my hair t
44、o the editors of all the medical journals,and meantime I am to keep very quiet and not exert myself beyond drinking a hot Scotch with lemon every half-hour.”With that he sinks back faintly on his cushions,luxuriously happy.Translation当天稍晚的时候，包扎着绷带的病人对大为惊叹的朋友们说：“是的，医生认为可能是轻度中耳炎，他已经将我的耳朵送到纽约，把阑尾送到巴尔的摩
45、，把一缕头发送到所有医学杂志的编辑手上，同时我必须保持安静，每半小时顶多喝一杯加柠檬的苏格兰热巧克力威士忌。”说着，他虚弱地向后靠在垫子上，舒舒服服，心满意足。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextQuestions about Para.6 exert:vt.1)努力，尽力exertoneself:努力，竭力e.g.Shewillhavetoexertherselfmore than she does now if shewantstosucceedinsales.2)运用，施加（影响）e.g.Somemanagersexertconsiderablepressureonth
46、eirstafftoworkextrahourswithoutbeingpaid.luxuriously:ad.舒适地e.g.She sprawled out luxuriouslyonthesofa.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?27focus1text 5.What prevents so many people from seeing through the modern quacks?It is the work of the analytical laboratory.Otherwise themodernquackstreatmentwouldbesotra
47、nsparentthatpeoplewouldeasilyrecognizetherealnatureofthosequacks.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?28focus1text 6.Why does the writer claim that the work of laboratory analysis makes the patient feel that the treatment is worth paying for?Thisisbecausethepatientisfilledupwithasen
48、seofpersonalimportancewhenheseeshis“partsandpiecesandextracts”cutoffandknowsthattheywouldbesentforanalysis.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?29focus1text 7 And yet,isnt it funny?8 You and I and the rest of useven if we know all thisas soon as we have a pain within us,rush for a d
49、octor as fast as a hack can take us.Yes,personally,I even prefer an ambulance with a bell on it.Its more soothing.Translation7 然而，这一切难道还不滑稽吗？8 虽然你、我和其他人对这些都很清楚，但是一旦我们有点小病小痛，还是会飞快地打车去看医生。是的，我个人甚至还更愿意坐带鸣笛的救护车去，因为这让人感觉更加安心。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextQuestions about Para.8 soothing:a.安慰的，抚慰的e.g.asoothin
50、gvoice/lotionHerwordshadasoothingeffect.2.Text:A Doctor or a Quack?30focus1text 7.What does the writer really mean when he says an ambulance is more soothing than the doctors treatment?Thewriterisridiculingmodernquacks.Asisknowntousall,the ambulance cannot cure the patient,but it wont at leasttortur