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1、L/O/G/O上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 应应用用型型大大学学英英语语系系列列教教材材BookApplication-oriented college English Course第1页上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Language in Use Enhancement of Language Abilities Unit 3Unit EightTableofContents Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext2第2页上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1 contentStarterText:Top 5 business ma
2、xims that need to goWorking with words and phrasesDiscussionPractice:interpretingPractice:translationPractice:writingSurfing the InternetHighlightsTableofContentsPart 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext3第3页上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1highlightsHighlightsS:A song:San FranciscoL:How to save US banks?R:
3、Top 5 business maxims that need to goW:Chronological orderInternetwork:How to conduct a customer satisfaction surveyPart 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext4第4页上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext1.Starterfocus1starterA.Listen to the song San Francisco and answer the following questions.1.The song appears
4、in a famous American movie.Do you know the name of the movie?2.What does the song suggest visitors to San Francisco should wear?Yes.Its Forrest Gump.Visitors to San Francisco are suggested to wear some flowers in their hair.5第5页上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext1.Starterfocus1starter3.What are people like
5、in San Francisco?4.What is the best time to go to San Francisco?5.A song or a movie can make a city or a place appealing to many people.Can you give more examples?People are gentle,and wear flowers in their hair.Yes.Movies like Philadelphia(费城故事,also a song name),Sleepless in Seattle(西雅图未眠夜),Casabla
6、nca(北非谍影,also a song name),etc.do make the cities concerned appealing to many people.Summertime.6第6页focus1starter上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext7第7页B.Listen to a passage and answer the following questions.focus1starter上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNextMind Maptrillion/num.万亿，兆Barack Obama/巴拉克
7、奥巴马asset/n.资产；财产Bank of America 美洲银行Citigroup 花旗集团the Resolution Trust Corporation（美国）清债信托企业 8第8页focus1starter上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext1.Why do many banks refuse to lend?2.What is the so-called bad bank supposed to do?3.What is the role of government in case of nationalization?They worry
8、that they will not have enough capital to cover losses.It is supposed to take questionable securities held by other banks.It takes ownership of a private business,but would often sell it back to investors later.9第9页focus1starter 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext Tapescript10第10页focus1text 上海交通大上海
9、交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in Text Organization11第11页focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in12第12页focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in13第13页focus1text2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go 1 Much well-known business advice is sadly obsolete but can still be found in
10、 articles,business books,and,not least,in daily use in the workplace.It seems that some companies are still guided by thinking that is sadly out of dateif it was ever true to begin with.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext Meaning:It appears that some companies are still operating on ideas,princi
11、ples or theories that are no longer validbut in the first place,it is quite doubtful whether there was a time when these ideas,principles or theories were valid at all.notleast:尤其，尤其e.g.The film caused bad feeling among many people,not least among the workers whose lives it described.Trade has been
12、bad,not least because of increased costs.tobeginwith:1)一开始，刚开始时候e.g.I didnt like him to begin with,but now hes one of my best friends.2)首先，第一点（理由）e.g.We cant go.To begin with,its too cold.obsolete:a.淘汰，过时，废弃e.g.Our service is obsolete,requiring root-and-branch reform.必须废弃必须废弃5 5大商业警句大商业警句1 许多广为人知商业提
13、议早已过时，可叹是却依然见诸各类文章和商业书籍，尤其是在工作场所经常使用。似乎有些企业依然在受极其过时思想指导但首先就无法确定，这些思想是否有过正确时候。14第14页focus1text2 The worst of these old maxims are not only wrong;theyre bad for people and bad for business.Businesses that use them are making their employees unhappy and are harming the bottom line.3 Heres my pick of th
14、e top 5 business maxims in serious need of an updatewith a suggested replacement for each.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2 2 最糟糕那些旧警句不但不正确，而且对员工、对业务都很有害。遵照这些旧警句企业让员工感觉不到高兴，并会损害企业业绩。3 3 下面是我挑选出亟待更新5大商业警句，并分别给出了相对应新警句以供参考。Question about Para.2 Meaning:The worst of these out-of-date witty busin
15、ess sayings or popular principles are not only incorrect and misleading,but also harmful to the employees and the company alike.Meaning:I select 5 commonly known pieces of business advice or principle which urgently need to be revised in light of the new situations and new maxims are also recommende
16、d in place of the existing ones.be bad for:对有害，对不利e.g.Smoking is bad for your health.Too much rain is bad for the crops.Note that the phrase bottom line means“the net profit or loss 最终盈利或亏损”.Interestingly,the phrase is no longer restricted to business,but has acquired more extensive applications,mea
17、ning“the deciding or crucial factor”or“the ultimate result or outcome”.e.g.In radio you have to keep the listener listening.Thats the bottom line.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go15第15页1.According to the author,what is wrong with the worst of these old maxims?focus1text What is wrong with
18、 the worst of these old maxims is that theyre more than wrongthey are bad for people and business.Businesses who use them are making their employees unhappy and are harming the bottom line.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go16第16页focus1textOld maxim 1:Failure is n
19、ot an option.4 Meaning:We absolutely,positively must succeed.5 Guess what?No matter how many times you repeat this maxim,failure remains an option.Closing your eyes to this fact only makes you more likely to fail.Putting pressure on people to always succeed makes mistakes more likely because:Transla
20、tion 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext旧警句1：绝不允许失败。4 含义：我们绝对、一定、必须要成功。5 猜猜怎么着：不论把该警句重复讲上多少次，失败依然不可防止。对这个事实视而不见，只会深入提升犯错几率。给人施加必须成功压力会使人更轻易犯错，这是因为：absolutely:ad.绝对地；完全地e.g.I trust his judgment absolutely.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go17第17页focus1text people who work under pressure are less eff
21、ective;people resist reporting bad news;people close their eyes to signs of trouble.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext在压力下，人工作效率较低；人们会不愿意汇报坏消息；人们会对问题种种迹象视而不见。resist:vt./vi.1)抵制，阻挡e.g.People need responsibility.They resist assuming it,but they cannot get along without it.2)抵抗，反抗e.g.She could har
22、dly resist laughing.Note that resist can only be followed by a noun(phrase)or gerund.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go18第18页focus1text 6 This is especially true when its backed up with punishment of those who make mistakes.Peter Drucker suggested that businesses should find all the employ
23、ees who never make mistakes and fire them,because employees who never make mistakes never do anything interesting.Admitting that mistakes happen and dealing constructively with them when they do make mistakes less likely.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext6 6 若辅之以对犯错者处罚，就更能显出这条警句荒谬。彼得德鲁克主张，企业应把那
24、些从不犯错员工全部找出来并开除他们，因为从不犯错员工也从不做有意义事。企业应认可错误是难以防止，并在员工犯错时主动地去处理，如此才会降低错误发生。backsth./sb.up:证实；支持e.g.Can you back up your claims?The rebels backed up their demands with threats.constructively:ad.主动地；建设性地；有益地e.g.It is my task to look critically and constructively at the flaws and the failures.Note that c
25、onstructively is derived from its adjective constructive.constructive:a.建设性；起改进或提升作用；有帮助e.g.constructive criticism Meaning:When mistakes happen,the business should admit that mistakes are unavoidable and take actions with respect to them in a helpful manner.Only in this way can mistakes be best avoi
26、ded.Meaning:It(The maxim)is more likely to fail when the employees who make mistakes are punished.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go19第19页focus1text 7 Also,failure is often the path to new,exciting opportunities that wouldnt have appeared otherwise.Closing your eyes to failure means closin
27、g your eyes to these opportunities.New maxim:Failure happens.Deal with it.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext7 7 另外，失败通常指向新、激感人心机遇，而这些机遇只有在失败之后才能显现。对失败视而不见，就等于对这些机遇视而不见。新新警警句句：失失败败乃乃常常事事，主主动动应应对对即可。即可。Questions about Paras.5-7 The path to sth.means“the way to reach or achieve sth.（到达或成就某事）路径，方式”
28、.e.g.the path to opportunities/success/victory/riches/power/ruinNote the usage of otherwise.Otherwise here means“under other circumstances在别情况下”.e.g.Otherwise they may get broken.Otherwise can also mean“in another manner;differently 以另外方式；不一样地”.e.g.We were going to play football,but it was so hot th
29、at we decided to do otherwise.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go20第20页2.Whats the authors opinion about the maxim Failure is not an option?focus1text The author thinks that no matter how many times you repeat this maxim,failure remains an option.Failure is often the path to new,exciting op
30、portunities that wouldnt have appeared otherwise.Closing your eyes to failure means closing your eyes to these opportunities.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go21第21页3.Why does Peter Drucker suggest that businesses find all the employees who never make mistakes an
31、d fire them?focus1text Because employees who never make mistakes never do anything interesting,that is,anything constructive.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go22第22页Meaning:This outdated business saying usually indicates that reliable hard-working employees are c
32、riticized or even punished in order to please those customers who make unreasonable demands.But the result is just the opposite of what is expected:customer service deteriorates rather than improves.focus1textOld maxim 2:The customer is always right.8 Meaning:The customer is king.We satisfy our cust
33、omers every need.9 No.No,no,no.This tired business maxim often means that loyal hard-working employees are scorned in favor of unreasonable customers.It also,ironically,results in bad customer service.Translation旧警句2：用户永远是正确。8 8 含义：用户为王。我们应对用户有求必应。9 9 不，绝对不是。这条陈腐商业警句通常意味着为了讨好不可理喻用户，转而斥责那些忠心耿耿、勤劳敬业员工
34、。含有讽刺意味是，遵从这条警句通常造成客服质量很糟糕。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext loyal:a.忠诚，忠贞e.g.She was loyal to her faith.scorn:vt./vi.1)轻蔑，藐视e.g.Honest boys scorn sneaks and liars.2)不屑于（接收或做），轻蔑地拒绝e.g.Many women scorn the use of make-up.She scorned to hide away like a coward.ironically:ad.含有讽刺意味地，出乎意料地e.g.Ironically,she
35、married one of her former classmates that she had looked down upon.The adjective and noun of ironically are ironic and irony respectively.resultin:造成e.g.I hope that this will result in the police finding your car.All my effort resulted in nothing at all.Note that result in has a different meaning fr
36、om result from.We say“a cause results in a result,”but“a result results from a cause.”2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go23第23页focus1text10 I recently wrote a post outlining 5 reasons why“The Customer Is Always Right”is wrong,concluding that sticking to“The customer is always right”makes em
37、ployees unhappy and that unhappy employees almost always give customers bad service.New maxim:Happy employees mean happy customers.Translation 10 10 最近，我发了一篇帖子，列举5条理由证实“用户永远是正确”这一说法大错特错。我结论是，坚持“用户永远是正确”会使员工不高兴，而不高兴员工提供给用户服务几乎总是糟糕。新警句：员工高兴则用户高兴。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext Question about Paras.9-10 st
38、ickto:坚持，固守e.g.He always sticks to his word.He likes to stick to a happy medium.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go24第24页4.According to the author,what does the old maxim The customer is always right result in and why?focus1text This tired business maxim often results in bad service.This is
39、 because“The customer is always right”makes employees unhappy and that unhappy employees almost always give customers bad service.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go25第25页focus1textOld maxim 3:Never be satisfied.11 Meaning:You can never be satisfied and complacent
40、 in business.Youve always gotta want more.Translation旧警句3：永不满足。11 11 含义：在商场上永远不能心满意足，而要永不知足。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext complacent:a.自满，自鸣得意e.g.He shows a complacent smile.We must not be complacent about our achievements.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go26第26页focus1text 12 This is a bad m
41、istake which rests on a very fundamental misconception,namely,that being satisfied means that you stop acting,that satisfaction breeds complacency,and therefore that a happy,satisfied company will be passive.Nothing could be further from the truth.In fact,a constant sense of dissatisfaction in an or
42、ganization sends one powerful message:Were not good enough!The irony is that this results in worse performance.Translation 12 12 这一严重错误根源在于一个根本性概念错误，即满足意味着不思进取，满足会滋生沾沾自喜情绪，所以一个高兴而满足企业将陷于被动不前。没有比这种观念更离谱了。实际上，企业坚持永不满足，会给员工一个强烈信号：我们不够优异！含有讽刺意味是，其结果是员工会表现得更差。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext Questions about P
43、ara.12 reston:建立在之上；依靠，以为基础e.g.His hopes rest on the leader.Our policy should rest on the basis of self-reliance.fundamental:a.1)根本，十分重大e.g.The book underwent fundamental revision.2)基本，基础e.g.They stick to the fundamental principles of liberty and equality.breed:vt.产生；造成e.g.Familiarity breeds contemp
44、t.Breed can also be used as an intransitive verb meaning“to produce(offspring);to give birth to or hatch 产（后代）；生，孵”.e.g.Some animals will not breed in placency:n.U 自满，自得e.g.Complacency is a drawback to progress.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go27第27页5.According to the author,whats the con
45、sequence of never being satisfied?focus1text A constant sense of dissatisfaction in an organization makes the staff feel that they are not good enough.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext6.What is the outcome of employees never being satisfied?Worse performance.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go28第
46、28页focus1text 13 People who constantly appreciate all the good in their organization and express their satisfaction create a much more positive working environment characterized by more:motivation;energy;self-confidence;happiness at work.Translation13 13 若员工总能观赏企业全部优点并表示自己满意之情，便能够营造一个更为主动工作环境，其特征表现为
47、：更多动力；更多活力；更多自信；更多源自工作高兴。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext 2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go29第29页focus1text 14 This is not about closing your eyes and pretending things are great if theyre not.Its about appreciating the fact that people in constant states of dissatisfaction erode an organizati
48、ons will and ability to act.The trick is to appreciate what you have and still aim for more.New maxim:Always be appreciative but never complacent.Translation14 14 这么做并非是对问题视而不见，情况不好时假装一切正常，而是要了解这么一个事实：员工若长久处于不满状态，便会使企业运转不够顺畅自如。所以诀窍在于重视已经拥有，并怀抱更高期待。新警句：常怀观赏之心，永不自鸣得意。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext erode:
49、vt.1)逐步毁坏，减弱e.g.Her confidence has been slowly eroded by repeated failures.2)侵蚀，腐蚀，风化e.g.The sea has eroded the cliff face over the years.Metals are eroded by acids.2.Text:Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go30第30页focus1textOld maxim 4:Nice guys finish last.15 Meaning:We cant be too nice in busines
50、s.In fact,being nice may hinder your career and impede results.16 Thats just not true.Of course we should be nice at work.This doesnt mean that you have to be nice to all of the people all of the time,but it means that you absolutely can be a nice person and succeed in business.(To be continued)Tran