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1、 高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2 【短语归类】【考点1】含 difference 的短语 make a / no / some, etc. difference (to sb / sth) (对某人某事物有没有有些关系(影响) make a difference between 区别对待 make some difference to 对有些(没有)关系 have a difference in character 在性格上有差别例句 It makes no difference t0 me which side may loseor win. 谁输准赢对我没有什么关系。Sh
2、e makes a difference between her family and herwork. 她对工作和家庭是有区别的。【考例1】Im afraid to tell you that the medicine will_ no difference to your illness。so stop taking it. A. take B. make C. get D. do考察目的 此题重要考察 difference 的动词搭配问题。答案与解析B make a difference 是固定搭配。此时不可用其他动词。13. draw (ones) attention to sth.
3、对表达注意 The manager drew my attention to an error in myreport. 经理要我注意报告中的一个错误。 拓展 pay attention to 注意 call ones attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事 turn attention to sth转移注意力到【考点2】与 fire 有关的短语 be on fire 在燃烧 set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧 catch fire 着火 make a fire 生火 light a fire 点火 put out a fire 灭火
4、play with fire 玩火；冒险 be on fire for 因而激动；充满激情 be full of fire 充满激情 under fire 受到袭击例句 The students are on fire for what theyre learning in the computer class. 学生对电脑课的学习内容充满激情。The boy is full of fire. 这孩子充满热情。The grass caught fireand the grass was on fire for ashort time. 草燃着了，草烧了一会儿。He who plays with
5、 fire gets burned. 玩火者必自焚(谚语)。辨析: be on fire 表达状态。而 catch fire 则表达动作-其完毕时不可和段时间状语连用。【考例2】(2023 全国卷II) The forest guards often findcampfires that have not been _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over考察目的 此题重要考察动词短语辨义。答案与解析B turn down是“调低。拒绝”的意思；put out是“熄灭，生产，伸出”的意思；put awa
6、y是“收拾”的意思；turn over是“翻过来”的意思。14. look up to 尊敬；钦佩 He has always looked up to his father. In his eyes he isperfect. 他一直尊敬他父亲。在他的眼中，他是完美的。拓展 look down on / upon sb. 轻视、瞧不起某人【考点5】后有 to 的动词短语 lead to 通向；导致 look up to 尊敬 stick to 坚持 get used to 习惯于 look forward to 渴望；盼望 get down to 认真做某事 see to 注意；着手办理 p
7、ay attention to 注意 devote.to 致力于；投身于 belong to 属于 attend to 照顾；照料 object to 反对 be opposed to 反对 refer to 提到；参阅 contribute to 对有奉献 come to 谈到；涉及 adjust to 适合于例句 The bridge leads to the island. 这座桥通向那个岛。So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great difficulty in reading. 该篇文章拼写错误太多，令人看起来非常费劲。H
8、es such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him.他是一个有奉献精神的老师，我们都尊敬他。He has never felt looked up to. 他从没有觉得有人尊敬他。The day they had been looking forward to came at last.他们渴望的那一天终于到来。The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to get down to our studies. 期末考试就要来了。是我们认真学习的时候了。This machi
9、ne is out of order; get a mechanic to see to it. 这台机器坏了；找个技工来检修一下。 友情提醒：以上短语中的to是介词后接名词或动名词。【考例5】(2023湖北)Once a decision has been made, allof us should _ it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to考察目的 此题重要考察动词短语辨析。答案与解析 B direct自身是及物动词。后不需to。refer to的意思是“涉及，参阅指的是”。 【考点3】与turn有关的短语 turn out
10、生产；结果是 turn down 关小(灯光、音量等)；拒绝 turn to 转向；求助于 turn up 开大(灯光、音量等)；出现，露面 turn on / off 打开关上 turn aside 闪开；放在一边 turn over (使)翻转；把某人交给(警方等) turn in 上缴；移交 turn against 背叛 turn away (from) 转过脸不看 turn round 转过去例句She turned out six full-length novels in her life.她一生写了6部长篇小说。The beggar turned out (to be) a t
11、hief. 那个乞丐本来是个贼。That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little?收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗?Many boys expressed their love to Mary, but sheturned them all down. 许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意，但都被她拒绝了。After he left the university he became a teacher, but later he turned to translation. 他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转而从事翻译工作。We often tu
12、rn to this handbook for information. 我们经常查阅这本手册寻找资料。He promised to come, but hasnt turned up yet. 他答应来，但尚未到。When he felt tired, he turned aside (from) his books to listen to the radio. 感到疲劳时，他就把书放在一边去听收音机。 友情提醒：要准确记住不同的搭配，特别是一个短语有多个意思的。【考例3】(2023浙江) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt qu
13、ite _ as planned. A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up考察目的 此题重要考察动词短语的辨义。答案与解析B make out有“弄清楚。明白”的惠思；turn out 的意思是“结果是证明是”；go on 的意思是“继续”!come up 的意思是“过来，走来”。题意是：我们本来想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像预计的那样。【考点4】what 短语 what if 假如将会如何? what for 为了什么，干什么用 what about. 怎么样?例句 What if she finds out youve lost her boo
14、k? 假如她发现你弄丢了她的书将会是如何呢?What did you do that for? 你干吗做那件事?What about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?【考例4】(2023全国卷I)- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?- _? A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come考察目的 此题重要考察交际用语。答案与解析 A 根据语境。答语中问的是目的。该句其实是个省略句，补全后的完整句子是：I go and empty that drawer for
15、what。what提前构成疑问句就成了what for 或 for what。词语比较1. observe, watch 当“观测”来讲时，observe相称于watch carefully，特别用于实验或研究等场合。具体来说，observe具有“察觉到”的意思，watch意为“盯着看”。 watch 还具有“观看(比赛、电视)”等，而observe没有此意。此外，watch尚有“照料”之意，相称于take care of。尚有“当心”之意，相称于be careful with。 She has observed the stars all her life. 她一生都在观测星星。 Ill w
16、atch the baby while you are away. 你不在时，由我照料你女儿。 Youd better watch Mr Smith, I think he is a thief. 你最佳当心史密斯先生，我想他是个贼。2. be known for, be known as, be known to be known for 以出了名 (通常不是指同位的关系) be known as 作为出了名 (通常加上职业名词，表同位关系) be known to 为所知 Japan is known for its cars. 日本以它的汽车而闻名。 Luxun is known as
17、a writer. 鲁迅作为作家很出名。 As is known to all, China has four famous invitations. 众所周知，中国有四大著名的发明。3. elect, select, choose elect 只能用于选举人，是投票选举的正式用语。 They elected Nixon President. 他们选尼克松为总统。 choose 可用于挑选人或物。 Its hard for me to choose one from s0 many pairs of shoes. 要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了。 select 意为精心挑选，多
18、用于物。 She selected a pair of socks to match her suit. 他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。4. burn down, burn up, burn out bum down 指“烧为平地，烧毁”；也指“火力减弱”。 The house was burnt down in an hour. 房子一小时被烧为平地。 bum up 有“烧旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。 Youd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up. 你最佳往火上添着柴，让它烧旺。 bum out 指“火熄灭”。 The
19、fire had burnt out before I returned. 在我回来前，火已经熄灭了。精典题例( )1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left. (2023 福建) A. to tell B. be told C. telling D. told 【解析】选B 该题考察不定式做结果状语的用法。不定式前有only，just等词，后跟不定式通常表结果。又由于记者们应当是被告知，所以用不定式的被动式。( )2. Having been in bed for nearly a
20、month, they had a hard time _ the exam. (2023福建) A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing 【解析】选D 该题考察句型 have a hard time (in)doing。( )3. He hasnt slept at all for three days. _ he is tired out. (2023 湖北) A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way 【解析】选C 依题意“他三天没睡，难怪他累
21、极了。”There is no point in doing sth. 是本单元的句型，意为：做某事没有作用或意义；而There is no need in doing sth. 没有必要做某事；It is no wonder 没什么大惊小怪；It is no way没也许。( )4. The disc digitally _ in the studio sounded fantastic at the party that night. (2023上海) A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 【解析】选A
22、通过度析句子，该题句子的谓语显然是sounded，因此recorded只能是非谓语，所以选A，考察过去分词在句中做定语的用法，recorded 相称于 which was recorded。( )5. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2023北京) A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While 【解析】选C 句意为“只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会紧张。”even though“即使”；unless“除非”；while“当时候”，它们都同句意不吻合。( ) 6. W
23、e were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the stoma started. (2023北京春季) A. when B. while C. until D. before 【解析】选A 该题考察连词的用法。该句的意思是：当我们正在湖里游泳的时候，忽然暴风雨开始了。when表达“这时(忽然)”的意思，这种用法when一般放句末。( )7. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4. (2023
24、山东) A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 【解析】选B 分词在句中做结果状语，可参见本单元的句型6。( )8. _ the pot for me, and dont let the milk come out. Ill be back soon. A. Observe B. Notice C. Watch D. Look out 【解析】选C watch 表达集中精力“照料，监视”，本句意为“帮我看着壶，别让牛奶溢出来。”；observe意为“观测”，表达动作；Notice指“注意到”表达结果；look out后
25、面不能接宾语。高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit3-4【短语归类】【考点3】含 as 的动词短语 experience.as = consider.as = look upon / onas = treat.as 把认为是 act as 担任；起的作用 serve as 当，充当 work as 当，充当 use.as把用作例句 The theory is experienced as very advanced. 这个理论被认为是非常高深的He acted as chairman in my absence. 我不在时他担任主席。He serves as a waiter in a
26、restaurant. 他在一家餐馆里当服务员。【考例 3】Classroom testing, if well down, most certainly _ as a stimulus (刺激) to study and real learning. A. uses B. looks C. acts D. does考察目的 此题重要考察短语动词的辨义问题。答案与解析C 弄清题意。准确地判断空白处的意义。题意是：课堂测试，假如做得好的话，一定会对学习和真正的学习有刺激作用。也就是说，课堂测试可以充当刺激。A项应当使用被动态，B、D两项则不能和 as 构成搭配。2. call up 打电话，唤醒
27、，使人想起 The sound of seagulls called up his happy memories of his childhood. 海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。 Please call me up at five. 请五点叫醒我 (或：五点打电话给我) 已学与 call 常见的搭配尚有： call off (取消，挂断电话) call at / on (拜访某地某人) call for (规定，来找某人) call in (召集，召来)【考点4】含 come into 的动词短语 come into being 形成；产生 come into effect / for
28、ce 开始实行；生效 come into use / service 开始使用 come into power 开始执政；上台 come into view / sight 进入视线 come into fashion 开始流行例句 Romanticism didnt come into being until in the late 18 century in Europe. 浪漫主义运动直到18世纪未期才产生于欧洲。The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. 使用安全带的新规定于上周生效。【考例4】 The churc
29、h gate came into _ as we rounded the next corner. A. being B. service C. effect D. view考察目的 此题重要考察动词搭配问题。答案与解析D 题意：我们又拐了一个弯时，教堂的大门映入了我们的眼帘。4. go against 违反，违反(意愿、原则等)；对不利 (无被动形式) Im not to go against my own family. 我不会背离我自己的家人的。 He was afraid that the hattie would go against them. 他胆怯那场战斗会对他们不利。6. k
30、eep out (of) 挡住，不让进 He closed the window t0 keep the wind out (of the house). 他关上窗户不让风进来(进房子)。 The sign says Keep out! 牌子上写着：“请勿入内!” 类似用法：keep off 别碰，避开 Youd better keep off the sweet food. 你最佳少吃甜食。 Keep offthe grass! 请勿践踏草地!【考点 1】含look的短语 look at 看待；考虑；检查 look around / about 环顾 look up 查阅；仰视 look i
31、nto 调查 look on 旁观 look back on 回顾，回想 look down upon / on 看不起；鄙视 look over 翻阅；复习；检查 look to 照顾；注意 look up to 尊敬 1ook forward to 盼望；预计会有 look out for 提防；当心 look on / upon.as. 把看作 look like 看上去像 look for 寻找 look sb. up and down 上下打量某人 look after 照看；照料 look ahead 向前看 look out 小心：看外面 look through 浏览；检查例句
32、 Thats the way I look at it那就是我看待这事的方式。When all the facts have been looked up, pass them on to me. 所有事实查出后，转交给我。The police are looking into the records of all those involved in the crime. 警方正在调查所有涉嫌这起犯罪的记录。Looking back on it, one realizes that it was far from being a satisfactory conference. 回顾过去，人们
33、会意识到那不是一次成功的会议。【考例1】In order to get a better solution. I think wed better _ the question from all sides. A. look out B. look up C. look for D. look at考察目的 此题重要考察短语动词的搭配问题。答案与解析D不同的介词或副词搭配，有不同的意义。look out 查处，找出；当心，注意。look for 寻找。7. send for 派人请，叫人拿 We sent for the document this morning. 我们今天上午派人去取这份文
34、献。 - Will somebody go and get Dr. White? 有人去请怀特医生了吗? - Hes already been sent for. 已经派人去了。 与 send 的常见搭配有： send off (发出) send up (发射) send out (发出)等。8. set aside 把放在一边；留出 He set aside his book and lit a cigarette. 他把书放在一边，点燃一支香烟。 Each month she tried to set aside part of her salary. 每月他都设法留出工资的一部分。 as
35、ide 其他常见用法尚有： stand aside (靠边站) move aside (移到旁边) put sth. aside for sb. (把某物留给某人)【考点2】含 up 的动词短语 call up 召唤；调动；使人想起；打电话给 light up 照亮；变得快乐起来 fill up 填写；盛满 take up 占用；拿起；从事 pick up 捡起；接送；听到；学会例句 Your letter calls up the days when we worked together in the countryside 20 years ago. 你的信使人想起2023前我们在一起工作
36、的日子。Sues face lighted up when she heard the good news. 听到这个好消息时，苏流露出快乐的面容。The room soon filled up with people. 房间里不久就挤满了人。Shes taken up flower-decoration at evening classes. 她在夜校学习插花。【考例2】It has been raining harder and harder for quite a few days. The village seemed to be in danger of being floodedM
37、r Smith decided to _ all the youngmen in the village to strengthen the river bank. A. call in B. call up C. call at D. call for考察目的 此题重要考察动词辨义问题。答案与解析B call in 召进，请进。call at (a place)访问(某地)。call / or需要，去接。【考点5】副词短语 far from 完全不远不 next to 儿乎；仅次于 in a hurry 匆忙；不久地例句 The problem is far from (being) eas
38、y. 这个问题完全不容易。Papering the ceiling proved next to impossible without aladder. 用纸糊天花板没有梯子儿乎是不也许的。She dressed herself in a hurry. 她急忙地穿上衣服。友情提醒：far from 后可接名词、形容词，或 being +形容词名词。next to后常接一些否认词。【考例5】Im terribly sorry to tell you that your work is far from _. A. satisfying B. a satisfaction C. being sat
39、isfactory D. to satisfy考察目的 此题重要考察 far from 的用法。答案与解析C satisfaction 是不可教名词，前不可使用a。from后不可接不定式。satisfying虽然意思与satisfactory 相同，但常使用satisfactory，其中being经常省略。 精典题例( )1. Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures(2023山东) A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support 【解析】选A 句意为“承受高温或低温”，故选stand。( )2
40、. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 【解析】选A 该题从句使用了省略形式，省略了与主句主语一致的主语 the museum 和系动词 is。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致，同时从句谓语动词又具有系动词be，常可省略从句主语与系动词be( )3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness if _
41、. A. leaving untreated B. left untreated C. leaving to untreat D. left untreating 【解析】选B if后的逻辑关系是：这种病被忽视未被治疗，表达被动关系，通过两个分词left和untreated表达。完整句子为：if it is left untreated，分词作非谓语动词可带连词。( )4. The manager decided to give the job to _ he believe had a strong sense of duty. A. whoever B. whomever C. who D
42、. no matter who 【解析】选A whoever引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。但同时又做主句的主语，不能用whomever；而no matter who 引导让步状语从句，所以也不能用。( )5. _ nice，the fish was sold out soon. A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Being taste 【解析】选B 系动词，作不及物动词用，无被动语态。所以不能用过去分词而用现在分词，tasting nice做因素状语。( )6. In the dark forests _, some large enough to ho
43、ld several English towns. (2023 辽宁) A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many laks stand 【解析】选B 该句倒装，主语是lakes，不及物动词stand，lie均可用来表达“位于”，但stand意为“站立，屹立”，用于立体物体；lie为“躺，卧”，相对于平面而言。( )7. The scientists my the plants _ in this area was a terrible sign of the worse environment. A. int
44、roduetion B. absence C. presence D. appearance 【解析】选B 全句意为“这个地区这种植物的消失是环境恶化的一种迹象”。( )8. - Will $200 _? - Im afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. A. count B. satisfy C. fit D. do 【解析】选D 问句意为“200美元可行吗?”do可作不及物动词，作“行，可以”解，表达对莱一事实的认可。fit意为“吻合”，不是抽象意义的“合适”。( )9. The key doesnt _ the lock. A. fit B. fit for C. fit to D. fit with 【解析】选A 此处应作及物动词用，意为“这把钥匙不是配这把锁的”，不及物用法应为fit in with，形容词用法应是be fit for 或 be fit to do.。( )10. You dont look wel