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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高考英语复习 不定代词附专项练习及详解高考英语复习 不定代词1、常用不定代词Some 一些,某Any 一些,任何many 很多much 很多little 几乎没有few 几乎没几个a little 一点儿a few 少数几个every 每一个each 各、每both 二者都either 二者中任何一者neither 二者都不all 全部一切none 全部不other 别的、其他的another 另一个no 没有one 一个名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - some
2、,any ,every 和 no 都可以与 body ,thing和 one 构成不定代词在用法上保持some ,any ,every 和 no 的特点,但这些合成的不定代词只能作名词性代词,不能作形容词性代词；2、不定代词在句中的作用1不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词,大多数在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语；1作主语： Everything goes well！万事如意！2作宾语： We admire all of you. 我们敬佩你们大家 . 3作表语： Thats all for today. 今日就到这儿；4作同位语： He is taller than you all
3、. 他比你们都高；5作定语： All the people are present. 全部的人都到了；2every 和 no 在句子中只作定语,Every child can get a gift for Christmas.每个孩子都能得到一件圣诞礼物；I have no idea about it. 对此我一无所知；3、常见不定代词的用法1one 的用法one 泛指任何人,可以在形容词和that ,this 等词后代替刚提过的可数名词,其全部格形式为 ones ,反身代词为oneself ,复数形式为ones ；1 泛指 人 ,如：One should be strict with one
4、self. 人应当严格要求自己；2 表示 一个人或物 ,如：Chinese is one of the most useful languages in the world. 语言之一；汉语是世界上最有用的名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 代替上文己显现过的可数名词,如Ive lost my pen. I want to buy a new one.我的钢笔丢了,我想买一枝新的；4 the one和 the ones表示特定的人或物,如：No film is as good as the one I saw l
5、ast week.我上周看的电影最好；Students who do well in examinations are the ones who ask questions in class. 考试成果好的都是上课爱提问的同学；5One 前可以有形容词修饰,这时它需带冠词或受形容词性的物主代词修饰,如：I have two balls. The old one is on the floor. The new one is in my hand. 我有两个球,旧的在地板上,新的在我手里；He bought a new pen yesterday. His old one is broken.
6、他那支旧的坏了；昨天他买了一支新钢笔,6 one 可用 this ,that , any ,some ,each ,the ,next ,every ,which 等修饰,如：Here are two umbrellas, which one is yours？This one or that one？这儿有两把伞,哪一个是你的？这个仍是那个？7one 或 ones 带后置定语时,前面要加定冠词,如：Is this the one you want？这是你想要的那个吗？8 one 和 it 的区分,如：one 和 ones 是泛指,表示同类中的任何一个或几个,it是特指,指代上文显现过的某一物
7、；如：This book is a good one. May I borrow it？这是一本好书,我可以借它吗？2some 和 any 的用法名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1some 和 any 均表示 一些 ,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不行数名词；some 一般用于确定句中,any 多用于疑问句、否认句和条件句中,some 和 any 可用作名词作主语和宾语,也可用作形容词作定语,Some of the students will go to Qingdao tomorrow. 主语Is there an
8、y left？仍有剩下的吗？作定语明天有些同学将去青岛；作There isnt any time left. 没时间了；作定语2some 用于单数可数名词前,表示 某一个 ,如：Ive read the story in some book.我在某本书中读过这个故事；Some girl is waiting for you at the school gate. 有个女孩在校门口等你；3some 与数字连用,意为 大致 , 大约 ,如：The country has exported some two million bikes this year. 了大约 200 万辆自行车；这个国家今年己
9、出口4some 用于疑问句,表示说话人期望得到确定的答复或表示恳求、建议,如：May I have some water Would you like some apples？我可以喝些水吗？恳求,期望赐予确定答复？想吃些苹果吗？邀请5any 可用于确定句,表示 任何的 ,修饰单数可数名词,如： You may choose any student；你可以挑选任何同学；6any 可用作状语,表程度,如：I cant stay here any longer. 我不能再呆在这儿了；3each 和 every 的用法名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 -
10、- - - - - - - - 1each 每个,各,各自的 ,强调个体, 在句中充当定语、 主语、宾语和同位语, every强调整体,表示 每个都 ,在句中只能作定语,如：Each room can seat at least fifty people. 每个房间至少能坐 50 人；作定语Every one has strong and weak points. Each of the students will get a new book.每个人都有优缺点；作定语每个同学将得到一本新书；作主语Each child will find his own personal road to su
11、ccess. 每个孩子将会找到他个人的胜利之路；作定语The headmaster shook hands with each of us in turn after the game. 竞赛后,校长同我们每个人一一握手；作宾语We each have our own attitude to teaching students. 有各自的看法；作同位语2each 指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个,物中的每一个,如：There are trees and flowers on each side of the street. 花；在教学问题上,我们每个人every 指三者或三者以上的人或事街
12、道的每一边都遍布树和名师归纳总结 Every student has read a poem.每个同学都读了一首诗；第 5 页,共 20 页3every 可以表示 每隔 , 构成 every+数词 + 复数名词 every+ few+复数名词every+ other+单数名词 或every+序数词 + 单数名词 ；Each 没有这种用法,如：every three days每隔 2 天,每 3 天 every other hour/every second hour每隔 1小时 every few days每隔几天4both和 all 的用法- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - -
13、- - - - - - 1both 表示 两者都是 ,all 指 三者或三者以上的、全体定语和同位语 ,在句中可作主语、宾语、Both of the students are fifteen.这两名同学都是15 岁；作主语All but one are present.除了一人外,其他的人都到了；作主语She asked both of them to leave the city. 她让他们两人都离开这座城市作宾语Both plans are good.两个方案都是好的；作定语All men are equal. 全部的人都是公平的；作定语You are both too young.The
14、y all agree to stay here.你们两个都太年轻；作同位语他们都同意呆在这儿；作同位语2all 除指人外,仍可指物,表示 全部,一切 ,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,All is over with him. 他一切都完了；指情形3all 仍可修饰不行数名词,如：All hope has gone.全部的期望都破灭了；neither和4both 和 all 同否认词连用,表示部分否认,如要表示全部否认,分别用none ,如：Both of them are not singers. Neither of them is a singer.他们俩不都是歌手；部分否认他们俩都不是歌手
15、；完全否认Not all books are good. 不是全部的书都是好书；部分否认None of the books are good.这些书都不是好书；完全否认5much和 many 的用法表示或修饰不行数名词,many 表示或修饰much和 many都有 很多 的意思, much可数名词；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1much或 many多用于疑问句或否认句,在确定句中常用a lot of ,lots of ,plenty of ,a large quantity of,quantities of
16、代替, much 仍可用 a great deal of 代替, many仍可用 alarge number of 代替；2 much 和 many 在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,many 作主语时,谓语动词用复数, much 作主语时,谓语动词用单数,如：Many of the students did well this time.这次很多同学做得好；作主语Much of the time is free. 很多时间是闲暇的；作主语I have much to say. 我有很多话要说；作宾语I dont have much to do today.Many people wanted to
17、 stay here. Theres much water in the bottle.今日我没太多的事要做；做宾语很多人想呆在这儿；作定语瓶里有很多水；作定语3 much 可用作副词、作状语,表程度,如：The city is much larger than that one.这个城市比那个城市大多了；4 be not much 意为 不怎么样 ,如：Ive visited the country and it is not much.我拜望过那个国家,并不怎么样；5 much仍可与 too 连用,构成 too much+不行数名词 短语,意为 太多的 .如：There is too mu
18、ch noise in the classroom. 在教室里有太多嘈杂声；6 much仍可与 too 连用,构成much too特别 副词词组,修饰形容词、副词,不修饰动词,如：Im much too busy to see visitors.我太忙,不能会见来访者；名师归纳总结 7 many a+可数名词单数 表示 很多 ,如：第 7 页,共 20 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Many a way has been tried. 己试过不止一个方法了；8 在名词前假如有冠词或指示代词等词时,要用 many of 或 much of 结构,如
19、：Many of my books are English. 我的书大多是英语书；6either 和 neither 的用法Either 指两个人或物中的任何一个 ,表示确定意义,neither 指 两个人或物中一个也不,两者都不 表示否认意义；1 这两个词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语,作主语时谓语动词用单数,如：Either of them has a pen. 他们两人都有一枝钢笔；作主语Neither is wrong. 哪个都没错；作主语Do you speak German or French？I dont speak either. 你讲德语仍是法语？ 这两种语言都不说；作宾语Nei
20、ther answer is right.两个答案都不对；作定语I know neither of the two men. 这两个人我一个也不熟悉；作宾语There are trees on either side of the road.路两旁有树；作定语2 either 可放在否认句的句尾,表示 也,如：I dont know either. 我也不知道；3either 修饰名词时,前面不用物主代词,表示代词或定冠词,可以说：either pen但不能说 the either pen 或 either my pen；4either 用作代词时,可以单独使用,也可和 of 连用, of 后
21、接复数名词,名词前要用一个物主代语、指示代词或定冠词,如：He doesnt like either of the two places.他不喜爱这两个地方中的任何一个；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5当 either of 作主语时,动词一般用单数形式,但在否认句和疑问句中,动词也常用复数,特殊在口语中,如：Either of them is good enough. 他们两个都足够好；I dont think either of them are at home.我认为他们俩都不在家；6either.or.
22、,意为 不是 .就是 .,或者 .或者 .,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上要同最近的主语保持一样,如：Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到批评；Is either he or you going to the cinema Are either you or he going to the cinema7no 和 none 的用法？他去看电影,仍是你去呢？你去看电影,仍是他去呢？1no 表示 不 无 ,只能作定语,修饰不行数名词或可数名词单、复数,相当于 not any 或 not a ；none 表示 没有人,任何人也不 ,用作名词,相
23、当于 no one 或 not any ；2none 常用 of 连用,构成 none of. 结构, none 作可数名词用时,指 三者或三者以上都不 ,作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可,none 作不行数名词时,谓语动词用单数, none 在句中作主语或宾语,不作定语,不与名词连用,如：There is no water in the bottle. He has no choice but to lie down.瓶里没有水了；作定语他除了躺下,别无挑选；作定语None of the books areisinteresting.没有一本书是好玩的；作主语He knows none of
24、 us.我们之中他谁都不熟悉；作宾语名师归纳总结 3 none but+复数名词 作主语时,谓语动词要用单数,如：第 9 页,共 20 页None but wolves walks like that.除非狼才会那么走；4 none 和 no one的用法- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - none 答复以 how many/much引导的特殊疑问句或any of+限定语 + 名词 或表肯定范畴的一般疑问句及含有anybody或无限定范畴的一般问句,简言之,none 表示数量,no one表示人,如：-How many students are ther
25、e in the classroom now-None. 一个也没有；？现在教室里有多少同学？-Have any of you ever been to the Great Wall？你们中有人去过长城吗？-None.一个也没有；-Who can answer the question？谁能答复这个问题？-No one. 没有人；8few 和 little 的用法1few 和 little 均表示数量,但用法及表达意义有所不同,如下所示：修饰可数名词 修饰不行数名词确定意义 a few a little 否认意义 few little 2在句中可作主语或定语,如：Few of the book
26、s are for children.这些书中几乎没有合适孩子们的；作主语Theres a little water in the bottle. 瓶里有点水；作定语I know a few of them.他们当中我熟悉几个；作宾语3a little 常可同 a bit 换用,但 not a little 相当于 very 或 much ,意为 很 丰常 ,not a bit 意为 一点也不 ,相当于 not at all He did not feel a bit sorry. 他一点也不觉得伤心；He is not a little tired. 他很累；4有关的固定搭配,如：名师归纳总
27、结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - not a few 相当多的only a few仅少数,只有几个make little of对.不大懂得little or no几乎没有little by little逐步地quite a few 相当多的not a little很,非常9复合不定代词的用法1some ,any ,no 和 every 都可以和 one ,body ,thing连用, 构成复合不定代词,如： someone,somebody,something,anyone ,anybody,anything,everyo
28、ne,everybody,everything,no one ,nobody 和 nothing；以 some 为首的复合不定代词用法同 some ,以 any 为首的复合不定代词用法同 any ,如：吗？There is something interesting in todays newspaper. 今日的报纸上有好玩的事；Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper？今日的报纸上有好玩的事2复合不定代词在句中只起名词的作用,在句中可作主语、宾语和表语,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,Does anybody live on the is
29、land？有人住在这个岛上吗？作主语He knows nothing about it. She is a singer or something.对于那件事,他一无所知；作宾语她是一名歌手或什么的；作表语3形容词在修饰复合不定代词时,要放在所修饰词的后面,作后置定语,如：Theres nothing serious. 没什么要紧的；4everyone 或 everybody 用于泛指,其后不行跟表范畴的 of 短语,如要跟表范畴的 of 短语,就就分开写every one,every body,如：Is everyone here today？大家都到齐了吗？泛指名师归纳总结 Every o
30、ne of the students has a new book.这些同学中每人有一本新书；特指第 11 页,共 20 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5 人称代词 +each 结构中, 后面的谓语动词应用复数,each of+人称代词 结构中,谓语动词用单数They each are sure that they will get there on time. 那儿；Each of them is sure that they will get there on time. 到那儿；10 other 、 another、the other和 o
31、thers 他们每个人都坚信他将准时到他们每一个从都坚信将准时1other可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是别的,其他 ,泛指 其他的人或物 ；如：Do you have any other questions. 你仍有其他问题吗？Ask some other people. 问问别人吧！2the other 指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用 the other,不能用 another,此时的other 作代词；如：He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人；the other
32、 后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时的 other 作形容词；如：On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一边,有一棵大树；Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多；3others是 other的复数形式,泛指另外几个 ,其余的 ；在句中可作主语、宾语；如：Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜爱唱和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动；名师归纳总结 - - - -
33、 - - -第 12 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Give me some others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！There are no others. 没有别的了；4.the others 意思是 其他东西,其余的人 ；特指某一范畴内的 其他的人或物 ；是 the other 的复数形式；如：Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里；the others=the other +复数名词,这在第2 条中已经有所介绍；5ano
34、ther=an+ other,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的 另一个 ,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词；如：个；I dont like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜爱这一个,请给我看看另一I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿；一个是护士,另一个是老师,仍有一个是工人练习与详解1 He cant hear you, because there is _
35、noise here Avery much B too much Cmuch too Dso many 2 _ name is Han Meimai. AHerself BHers CShe DHer 3All of us were invited, but _ of us came Aneither Bnone Cboth 4 The weather in Shanghai is different from _ 名师归纳总结 ABaotou BBaotou weather C that in Baotou Dthose of Baotou 第 13 页,共 20 页- - - - - -
36、-精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5 There isnt _ water in the cup. Aany Bmany Csome Dthe 6 -Is this _ pen. -No, _ is on my desk. Ayour; my B yours; my Cyour; mine Dyours; mine 7 The bottle is empty. There is _ in it. Aanything Bsomething Cnothing 8 -Look. We have _ sugar. -Really. Lets go and buy some. Afew
37、 Ba few Clittle Da little 9 There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better buy some. Ano Bany Csome 10 -There isnt _ water here. Could you get _ for me. -All ringht. Asome; some Bany; any Csome; any Dany; some 11 Today, _ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world. Amuch too Btoo much C man
38、y too Dtoo many 12 There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is easy to understand. Aboth Ball Cevery D each 13 Is the shirt on the bed _ . 名师归纳总结 Ayours Byour Cyou 第 14 页,共 20 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 14 Mr Green taught _ English last year. Aour Bwe Cus 15 These sweaters are
39、 too small for me. Please show me _ one. Aother Bothers Cthe others Danother 16 Mary cant go with us. _ has to look after _ mother at home. AShe; his BShe; her C He; her DHe; His 17 There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me. Aany; some Bany; any Csome; some Dsome; any 18 I often he
40、lp _ . Ahe or she Bhis and her Chim and her Dhis and hers 19 There are some trees on _ side of the street. Aboth Ball Ceither Devery 20 Which of the two dictionaries do you like better.I like _ , because theyre not useful. Aboth Beither Call Dneither 21 They were all very tired, but _ of them would
41、stop to take a rest. Aany Bsome Cnone Dneither 22 There were _ people and noise in the park last Sunday. Amany; much Bmuch; much Cmuch; many Dmany; many 23 _ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in the dictionary. 名师归纳总结 AEach; every BEvery; each CEach; each DEvery; every 第 15 页,共 20 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 24 Please keep together. We want _ of you to get lost. Anone Bsome Cmany Dany 25 There is _