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1、八年级下册 Units 9-1001核心考点详解 考点1 Have you ever been to a science museum?你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ (Unit 9 P65)【辨析】have/has been to,have/has gone to 与 have/has been inI have never been to Beijing.我从没去过北京。Where is Amy?埃米在哪儿？She has gone to the library.她去图书馆了。Mr.Smith has been in Shanghai for five years.史密斯先生在上海已经待 了五年
2、了。【图解助记】注意： 当 have/has been to,have/has gone to 与 have/has been in 后跟某些地点副词（ 如here,there 和 home 等）时，介词 to 要省略。如：He has been there twice.他去过那里两次了。( )1.David knows much about the city because he _there many times. A.goesB.wentC.has goneD.has been( )2.Tim with his parents_Thailand,and they will stay th
3、ere for a week. A.has been toB.has gone toC.have been toD.have gone toD学以致用B( )3.May I speak to Mr.Lee?Sorry,he_Harbin and he_ the city for two days. A.has been to;has been inB.has gone to;has been toC.has gone to;has been inD.has been in;has been toC学以致用( )4._ you ever_ to the Great Wall?Yes.Three
4、times. A.Do;goB.Did;went C.Have;beenD.Have;goneC学以致用 考点2 It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.它（指博物馆）也鼓励政府和社会团体来考虑一下未来改进厕所的方法。(Unit 9 P67)【点拨】encourage意为“鼓励”，常用于以下结构： 考点3 Whether you like Indian food,Western food or Japanese food,youll
5、 find it all in Singapore!不管你喜欢印度食物、西方食物还是日本食物，你都会在新加坡找到的!(Unit 9 P70)【辨析】whether 与 if两者都是从属连词，都能引导从句，但用法有别，具体区别如下：单词含义用法例句whether不管(还是)； 或者(或者)引导让步状语从句Whether or not we re successful,we can be sure that we did our best.不管成功与否，我们确已尽了最大努力。是否均可引导宾语从句I want to know whether/if he lives there.我想知道他是否住在那儿
6、。if如果引导条件状语从句 If it doesnt rain tomorrow,well have a picnic.如果明天不下雨，我们会去野餐。 单词含义用法例句注：含有 if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则。【拓展】以下情况只能用 whether 不能用 if：(1)引导表语从句或在句首引导主语从句时。如：The question is whether he should give up.问题在于他是否该放弃。Whether he comes or not doesnt concern me.他来不来与我无关。(2)在介词后作介词的宾语时。如：It depends
7、 on whether he is ready or not.这取决于他是否做好了准备。(3)和不定式连用时。如：I had a cold and couldnt decide whether to go to work or not.我感冒了，拿不定主意是否要去上班。 ( )1.Your hearing will be badly hurt_you always listen to music by earphone. A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.though( )2._ theyll go to Beihai Park depends on the weather. A.I
8、fB.WhetherC.WhatD.That学以致用CB ( )3.Tony,do you know if Eric_ to the zoo this Sunday if it_ ?Sorry,I have no idea. A.will go;is fineB.goes;is fineC.will go;will be fine D.goes;will be fine学以致用A考点4 So you can choose to go whenever you likespring,summer,autumn or winter.因此你可以选择在任何时候去新加坡春夏秋冬皆可。(Unit 9 P7
9、0)【点拨】whenever=no matter when,意为“在任 何 的时候； 无论何时 ”， 在此句中引导让步状语从句。 如： Whenever we meet with difficulties,they always come to help us.每当我们遇到困难时，他们总来帮助我们。【拓展】疑问代词/疑问副词+ever=no matter+疑问代词/疑问副词,其意义为“不管/无论+该疑问词的本义”。 however,whenever,wherever 常用来引导让步状语从句；whatever,whoever,whomever 既可引导让 步状语从句，也可引导宾语从句；“no m
10、atter+疑问代词/疑问副词”只能引导让步状语从句，且一般位于句首。如：Whatever you do,do it well.=No matter what you do,do it well.无论你做什么,都要把它做好。Whoever you are,you must keep the law.=No matter who you are,you must keep the law. 不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。 【归纳】 however=no matter howwhenever=no matter whenwherever=no matter wherewhatever=no matt
11、er whatwhoever=no matter whowhomever=no matter whom( ) _you go walking in the hills,you should always wear proper clothes. A.WhateverB.WhoeverC.WhicheverD.Whenever学以致用D考点5 Ive had this bike for three years.我拥有这辆自行车三年了。(Unit 10 P73)Ive had them since I was a child.从我是个孩子时起，我就拥有它们了。(Unit 10 P74)【辨析】si
12、nce 与 forsince 与 for都可以与现在完成时连用，但用法不同，具体区别如下：单词词性含义用法since 介词自以来 since+过去时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点 等）since+一段时间+ago连词since+从句（一般过去时）for介词表示一段时间for+时间段（谓语动词 为延续性动词）I have lived here since 2008. 自从 2008 年我就住在这儿了。She has taught English since 10 years ago.=She has taught English for 10 years.她教英语十年了。Great chang
13、es have taken place since you left.自从你走后，发生了很大的变化。【拓展】(1)固定句型： It is/has been+一段时间+since+从句(=一段时间+has passed+since+从句).意为“(自从)多长时间了。” 如 ： It has been two years since I graduated from university.(=Two years has passed since I graduated from university.)我大学毕业两年了。注意:since 从句中要用一般过去时。(2)提问“for+ 时间段”要用 h
14、ow long。如：How long have you been here?你在这儿待多久了？Ive been here for three days.我在这儿待了三天了。(3)与“for+时间段”连用的动词须为延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，则要转换成与之对应的延续性动词。(4)并非有“for+时间段”作状语的句子都用现在完成时。 如：Im going away for a few days.我要离开几天。( )1.Do you know him well?Sure.We_ friends since ten years ago. A.wereB.madeC.have beenD.are( )
15、2.How time flies!Three years_since I became a middle school student. A.will passB.has passedC.passedD.passes学以致用CB( )3.Our reading club shares ideas with each other_one hour every Tuesday.A.toB.onC.atD.for( )4.Im looking after Tony today.Hes been in my house_8:00 this morning. A.atB.sinceC.forD.till
16、学以致用DB( )5.Is that a new coat?No,I_ it for a long time. A.boughtB.have bought C.hadD.have had学以致用D考点6 We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。(Unit 10 P75)【辨析】no more,notany more,no longer 与 notany longer 四者都有“ 不 再”的意思，具体区别如下：考点用法例句no more（=not any more）常用来修饰
17、非延续性动词，通常指今后“再也不”；表示不再重复发生以前发生的动作或存在的状态，强调终止；多用于将来时，但也可用于过去时。I shall go there no more.=I shall not go there any more.我再也不去那儿了。考点用法例句no longer（=not any longer）常用来修饰延续性动词，表示与过去相比“不再”；常用于一般现在时，但也可用在过去时和将来时的句子里，主要强调“时间不再延长”。He no longer lives here.=He doesnt live here any longer.他不再住在这儿了。注意:表示时间时用 no lo
18、nger，常位于系动词后或实义动词前;强调数量或程度时用 no more,常位于系动词后或句末。 1.He knows that he is _young.2.I just cant stand this life _. 3.Dont wait _.4.Time or opportunity(机会) lost will return _.any moreno longer学以致用any longerno moreno more, no longer, any more, any longer考点7 consider （Unit 10 P79）【点拨】consider 的基本用法如下：词义用法例
19、句考虑consider+名词/代词/动名词 Were considering buying a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。consider+“疑问词+不定式”He was considering what to do next.他在考虑下一步怎么办。consider+从句Jim is considering how he should answer the question.吉姆在考虑应当如何回答这个问题。词义用法例句认为consider+sb./sth.+ （ as+ ） 名词/ 形容词 She considers herself（ as ）an expert on the su
20、bject.她认为自己是这门学科的专家。consider+sb./sth.+（to be+）名词/形容词Do you consider him（to be） honest?你认为他诚实吗？词义用法例句认为consider+it+名词/形容词+不定式 We consider it hard to study English well. 我们认为学好英语很难。consider+ （ that ） 从句They consider（that）the hard time will soon be over.他们认为困难时期即将过去 。词义用法例句注：consider 作“考虑”讲时，可用于进行时；作“认
21、为”讲时，一般不用于进行时。 ( )1.Tom,have you ever watched the talent show The Voice of China?Yes.Lucy,if you are good at singing,you may consider_a try. A.to haveB.having C.has D.have( )2.Our monitor_to be an honest boy. A.considersB.is consideringC.is consideredD.has consideredCB学以致用02课后作业.词汇运用。1.believe v. _a
22、dj.难以置信的；不真实的 2.rapid adj. _adv.迅速地；快速地3.usual adj. _（反义词）特别的；不寻常的4.social adj. _n.社会5.peace n. _adj.和平的；安宁的 6.perform v. _n.表演；演出 7.it pron. _（反身代词）它自己 基础过关unbelievablerapidlyunusualsocietypeacefulperformanceitself8.collect v. _n.收藏品；收集物 _n.收藏者9.German adj.& n. _pl.德国人 _n.德国10.safe adj. _n.安全 _adv.
23、安全地11.simple adj. _adv.仅仅；只；不过 12.India n. _adj.印度的 n.印度人基础过关collectioncollectorGermansGermanysafetysafelysimplyIndian13.Japan n. _adj.日本的；日本人的；日语的 n.日本人；日语 14.most adj. _adv.主要地；通常15.sweet adj. _adv.甜蜜地 16.honest adj. _n.诚实；正直 17.truth n. _adj.诚实的；真实的 18.century n. _pl.百年；世纪19.especial adj. _adv.尤其
24、；特别；格外 基础过关Japanesemostlysweetlyhonestytruthfulcenturiesespecially20.hold v. _（过去式/过去分词）拥有；抓住 基础过关held.用 for 或 since 填空。1.Billy has been in Iceland _three days ago. 2.Billy has been in Iceland _three days.3.My aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4.Maria is in her office.She has been there _7 o cloc
25、k. 5.India has been an independent country _1974.6.The bus is late.Weve been waiting _30 minutes.7.Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty _many years.基础过关forsinceforsincesinceforfor8.Mike has been ill _a long time.He has been in hospital _October.9.I have known him _we were children.10.He
26、 has been in the village _last week.基础过关sinceforsincesince.用 have been to,have gone to 或 have been in 的适当形式填空。1.They _the park.They will be back in two hours.2.I _the West Lake.Look,there are some photos. 3.Helen _this city since five years ago.4.The Whites _the US. They wont come back. 5.My family
27、_Beijing for two weeks.6.We _the Great Wall,and we all enjoyed ourselves. 基础过关have gone tohave been tohas been inhave gone tohave been inhave been to.完成句子。1.She has had the job for a year.(对画线部分提问)_has she had the job? 2.The library is opposite the bank.(改为同义句)The library is _the bank. 3.Lily bought
28、 this bike a week ago.(改为同义句)Lily _this bike for a week. 基础过关How longacross fromhas had4.这张照片总是带来美好的回忆。(完成译句)This photo always _sweet memories. 5.你可以把旧东西捐赠给需要的人们。(完成译句)You can give old things away to people _. 基础过关brings backin need.单项选择。( )1.Im a singer is_an interesting TV show_ many people like w
29、atching it. A.so;thatB.such;thatC.so;asD.such;as( )2.Which color do you like better,blue or pink?_.I love red. A.BothB.Neither C.EitherD.None基础过关BB( )3.A number of tourists_Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.A.have been toB.has been toC.has gone toD.have gone to( )4.Dont return
30、the video to Peter.I_ it. A.dont watchB.wont watchC.havent watchedD.wasnt watching基础过关AC( )5.Kates dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him_it is convenient. A.becauseB.wheneverC.althoughD.unless( )6.Her grandmother_ten years ago.Thats to say,she has been_for ten years. A.died;diedB.dead;
31、deadC.dying;deathD.died;dead基础过关BD( ) 7 . M o Ya n s b o o k s h a v e b e e n s o l d o u t i n m a n y bookstores_his winning of the Nobel Prize in Literature.A.becauseB.since C.asD.because of( )8.The Chongqing Hainan airline_for about 5 years.I have taken the flights three times.A.is openB.has op
32、enedC.has been openD.has been opened基础过关DC( )9.Are you a soccer player in your school?Yes,I _the team two years ago.I _in the team for two years. A.have joined;have beenB.was joined;am C.joined;was D.joined;have been( )10.Did you go to Kenli during the Peach Blossom Festival(桃花节)?Yes.The flowers wer
33、e beautiful.Bees were flying_ them. A.inB.amongC.betweenD.through基础过关DB.完形填空。 (2019 连云港)A zero waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish.So,a zero waste theme store is about 1_ people with a number of everyday,practical and pleasant zero waste products to help them start on a one sto
34、p,zero waste life journey. “Zero waste” or “danshari” was first 2_ by a French woman Bea Johnson.“Live a life and try not to create any rubbish;use different methods to protect the earth,” she said.能力提升 Yu Yuan,27,is 3_ attracted by this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many yea
35、rs.And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot 4_ she saw a video about “zero waste”. The 5_ is about a family of four,and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar. After watching the video,Yu wanted to 6_ this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend. Yu says that a ze
36、ro-waste life 7_ the 6R principleRefuse,Reduce,Reuse,Repair,Recycle and Rot(腐烂). Over AugustOctober when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R，she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both 8_ only two cans of rubbish. Now,the couple have opened a small 9_ called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang ，Beijing
37、,to support a zero-waste life. At the store they use environmentally friendly products.For example,they use wood products to replace 10_ ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero waste logos for customers.Most of theproducts sold in the store can be reused,and a small number of 11_ which are not
38、 recyclable can degrade(分解).The store 12_ has secondhand books and audio visual CD/DVDs. For used toiletries(things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself) there is a company which accepts them,and the couple regularly mails their waste to it. Yu says that those who were once n
39、ot 13_ in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity.The zero-waste lifestyle,she adds,is for everyone. “Its 14_ us at our fingertips.” Yu expects some of her friends to 15 her on the road to zero waste.As the saying goes,many hands make light work.( )1.A.offeringB.providin
40、g C.givingD.affording( )2.A.inventedB.found C.discoveredD.suggested( )3.A.hardlyB.luckilyC.clearlyD.deeply( )4.A.unlessB.untilC.afterD.when ( )5.A.videoB.film C.articleD.newspaper( )6.A.experienceB.change C.representD.spend( )7.A.acceptsB.receives C.followsD.believes( )8.A.savedB.produced C.keptD.wa
41、sted( )9.A.shopB.factory C.hotelD.companyBDDBAACBA( )10.A.paperB.clothC.silkD.plastic( )11.A.itB.themC.theirD.its( )12.A.tooB.eitherC.alsoD.only ( )13.A.proudB.worried C.amazedD.interested( )14.A.behindB.around C.aheadD.above( )15.A.organizeB.record C.joinD.encourageDBCDBC03重点语法讲练定语从句知识导图考点 定语从句 在复合
42、句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词或修饰整个句子的从句叫定语从句。含定 语从句的复合句的基本结构为:先行词+关系词+定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。 定语从句须用关系代词（ who,whom,whose,which,that ） 和关系副词（when,where,why）来引导,它们位于先行词和定语从句之间。关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。其用法如下：考点梳理1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词在从句中的成分先行词例句that主语、宾语、表语人，物The watch（that）my father bought was ma
43、de in Shanghai.我爸爸买的那块表是上海制造的。who主语、宾语、表语人Do you know the teacher who wears glasses?你知道戴眼镜的那位老师吗？关系代词在从句中的成分先行词例句whom宾语人The boy（whom）my mother is talking to is my cousin.我妈妈正与之交谈的那个男孩是我的堂兄。which主语、宾语、表语物I like music（which）I can sing along with.我喜欢我能跟着一起唱的音乐。关系代词在从句中的成分先行词例句whose定语人，物The little girl
44、whose hair is curly won the first prize.那个卷发小女孩赢得了第一名。注意：（1)关系代词的省略关系代词 that,which,who,whom 在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,但 which，whom 在从句中紧跟在介词后作介词的宾语时，不能省略，且不能用 that 代替；若 which,who,whom 作介词宾语且与介词分开时，可以省略。如:This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。(2)在定语从句中，关系代词 that,who,which 等作主语时，谓语动词的数要与先行
45、词的数保持一致。如：The girls who are dancing there are my friends.在那边跳舞的女孩们是我 的朋友。只用 that 引导的定语从句 ： （1）当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 。 （2）当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing 等指 物的不定代词时。但如果先行词是 anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody 等指人的不定代词时,应用 who,whom。（3）当先行词前有 the very,the only,the last
46、等修饰时。（4）当先行词既有人也有物时。（5）当主句是以疑问词 who,which 开头的特殊疑问句时。要点提醒2.关系副词的基本用法关系副词在从句中的成分先行词例句when 状语时间Ill never forget the day when I joined the music club.我从不会忘记我加入音乐俱乐部的那天。where状语 地点 I went to the village where my father was born last week.我上周去了我爸爸出生的那个村庄。关系副词在从句中的成分先行词例句why 状语原因He didnt say the reason why
47、he was late.他没有说他迟到的原因。注意：当先行词为表示时间、地点、原因的词，但在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词要用 which/that。如：Ill never forget the days which/that we spent together in the countryside.我将永远不会忘记我们在乡下一起度过的日子。（先行词 days 在定语从句中作动词 spent 的宾语）Is this the museum which/that we will visit next weekend?这是我们下周末要参观的博物馆吗？（先行词 museum 在定语从句中作动词 visit
48、 的宾语）( )1.(2019曲靖)We will never forget the firemen_ lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 at Liangshan,Sichuan.A.thatB.which C.whereD.when( )2.(2019梧州)Do you like National Treasure,the weekly TV show on CCTV?Sure.Its a great culture TV _show has been very popular in China.A.whoB.whomC.wh
49、ichD.what语法专练AC( )3.(2019大庆)The book_I read last night was fantastic. A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who( )4.(2019盘锦)A landmark(里程碑) in the history of science was made by a photo_was taken on April 10th about the black hole in a faraway galaxy(星系).A.whoB.whichC.whatD.when语法专练AB( )5.(2019天水)Have you seen the f
50、ilm The Wandering Earth(流浪地球)?Yes,Its the best one_ I have ever seen. A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it( )6.(2019 达州)Frank,look! Who are the children under the tree waiting in line?They are the students from No.1 Primary School. A.that areB.where areC.which isD.who is语法专练AA( )7.(2019滨州)Do you know the man_ sp