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1、考点36 任务型阅读之判断正误一、任务型阅读理解题解读 任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。 该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言做事的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如雾
2、里看花，似它非它了；而且考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。 二、解题步骤 任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的对应可能是主旨对应，也可能是情节对应，还可以是细节对应等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。 一一对应阅读方法的具体步骤如下： 第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。 第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。 第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上
3、要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。 第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错，并在答题卡上将所选的对应选项涂黑。选"对"涂A，选"错"涂B。One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak held a class meeting. "There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful
4、 event(活动)?" asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat."Tom, you haven't sold flags before," said Miss Mak suddenly. "Would you like to have a try?" Tom was
5、 hesitant(犹豫的), but he finally nodded.On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. "Excuse me, Could you please buy.?" said Angela softly to the first person she met. The man smiled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag. The
6、n she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder. "I did it!" said Angela happily. "It's your turn now."Feeling nervous, Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him. The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked, "Are you se
7、lling flags for Fund for the Homeless Children?" Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠) and Tom gave her a flag. "You made it!" laughed Angela.In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. At last, their collection bag
8、s were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud.11. Tom kept quiet in his seat because he was not interested in the activity.A. Right.B. Wrong.12. When Miss Mak asked Tom to have a try, he finally nodded.A. Right.B. Wrong.13. Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street
9、.A. Right.B. Wrong.14. The first man pay Angela ten dollars for the flag.A. Right.B. Wrong.15. Tom and Angela feel confident after they sold the flags.A. Right.B. Wrong.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. A【解析】本文主要讲述了Tom和Angela在街上卖旗子的经历和体验。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第1大段“Tom was interested in raising money for home
10、less children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers” Tom对为无家可归的孩子们筹集钱是感兴趣的，但是他没有勇气和陌生人说话。可知，不是因为不感兴趣。故选B。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第2大段“but he finally nodded.”但是他最后点头了。可知，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第3大段“Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street.” Tom和Angela在繁忙的街上卖旗子。可知，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第3大段“The man s
11、miled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag.”这个男人付了5美元，可知，不是10美元。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第5大段“They felt very proud”他们感觉很骄傲。可推测在原来的没有勇气和担忧，变成卖完旗子后的骄傲，他们是有自信了。故选A。B阅读理解 阅读下列短文，做出正误判断或选出最佳答案。A篇为判断正(A)误(B)题，B、C篇为选择题。AWhen we were little kids, we knew about traffic lights. The color red me
12、ans stop, the color green means go and the color yellow means slow down or show some caution (小心). But why are these colors used for traffic lights? Why couldn't they be colors like blue, brown or orange? Here is the history of the colors for traffic lights.Well, it's important to know that
13、before there were traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals (信号) for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to mean caution. But train drivers had a few problems with the color white meaning go. They could easily mistake stars at night for the
14、 signal to go. So railway companies moved to the color green to mean go, and the color yellow to mean caution. The color red has a lot to do with danger. Red is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so it can be seen from a greater distance than other colors. The color yellow is used to mean c
15、aution because it has a little shorter wavelength than red, but not as short as green.Believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because they were easier to see in poorly-lit areas. But people once again used red to mean stop after more highl
16、y reflective (反光) materials were developed. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones and school buses continue to be painted yellow. Traffic lights really came a long way.From: https: /11. The earliest traffic signals were for trains.12. The color blue was once in early tr
17、affic signals.13 The color green can be seen from a greater distance than other colors.14. Back in the 1900s, yellow was used to mean stop.15. School buses are painted yellow because this color can be seen at all times of the day.【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A【解析】文章主要是介绍交通灯颜色的历史。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文中
18、At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to mean caution.可知，起初交通灯是为火车准备的，所以这里的描述是正确的，故填A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文中When we were little kids, we knew about traffic lights. The color red means stop, the color green means go and the color yellow means slow down or show some
19、caution (小心). But why are these colors used for traffic lights? Why couldnt they be colors like blue, brown or orange? Here is the history of the colors for traffic lights.可知，蓝色没有被作为交通灯而使用，故填B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Red is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so it can be seen from a greater distan
20、ce than other colors. The color yellow is used to mean caution because it has a little shorter wavelength than red, but not as short as green.可知，是红色比其他颜色从很远的地方可以看到。所以这里的描述是错误的，故填B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because they were easier to see in poorly-lit areas.可知，早
21、在20世纪，黄色就被用来表示停止。所以这里的描述是正确的，故填A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones and school buses continue to be painted yellow.可知，由于一天中任何时候都能很好地看到黄色，学校区域和校车继续被涂成黄色。所以这里的描述是正确的，故填A。A（2020青岛市）阅读以下材料，根据其内容判断其后各个小题正、误。正确的选A，错误的选B。AChina National Film Museum9 Nanying
22、 Road, Chaoyang District, BeijingTel: (010)8435 5959Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon. www. cnfm. org. cnGift shop with legitimate DVDs/ cafeteria/snack shops (popcorn for movie viewing)Forbidden City and the Palace Museum4 Jiangshanqian Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: (010) 8500 7421/7420Ope
23、n: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)www. dpm. org. cnGift shop/ book shop/ museum guide available/restaurant/ coffee shop/shops and cafesNational Art Museum of China1 Wusida Street, Dongcheng Dis
24、trict, BeijingTel: (010) 6400 1467Open: 9:00-17:00 last entry 16:00www. namoc. orgCafeteria at the back of the buildingNational Museum of China16 East Changan Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: (010)6511 6188Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30www. chnmuseum. cnGift shop/aud
25、io guide21. You can visit the China National Film Museum on Tuesday.22. If you want to learn more about films, you can call (010) 6400 1467.23. You can visit the Forbidden City and the Palace Museum on Monday in summer vacation.24. You can enter the National Museum of China at 17:30.25. The four mus
26、eums are in the same district of Beijing.这是一篇应用文，文章用表格介绍了四个博物馆的广告。21.A【解析】题意：你可以周二参观中国国家电影博物馆。细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon.”可知除了周一都可以去，句子表述正确。故答案为A。22.B【解析】题意：如果你想知道更多关于电影的事，可以打电话(010) 6400 1467。细节理解题。根据“China National Film MuseumTel: (010)8435 5959”可知要打电话(010)8435 5959。句子表述错误。故答案为B。23.A【解析】
27、题意：你可以在暑假的周一参观紫禁城和故宫。细节理解题。根据“Open: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)”可知平时周一是闭馆的，但是除公共假期和暑假外，因此暑假周一是能参观的。句子表述正确。故答案为A。24.B【解析】题意：你可以在下午五点半进入中国国家博物馆。细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket b
28、ox closed at 15:30”可知下午五点半售票处就关闭了，句子表述错误。故答案为B。25.B【解析】题意：这四个博物馆都在北京相同的区域。细节理解题。根据“ Chaoyang District, Beijing”可知中国国家电影博物馆在北京朝阳区；根据“Dongcheng District, Beijing” 可知紫禁城和故宫、中国国家艺术博物馆以及中国国家博物馆都在北京东城区。句子表述错误。故答案为B。B（2020甘肃武威市）阅读以下材料，根据其内容判断其后各个小题正、误。正确的选A，错误的选B。What a Kid!Tad is a very special boy. He is
29、 confined to a wheelchair. He was born with an illness that made him unable to walk. Some boys would be sad or angry about that but not Tad. Instead, he looks for ways to make people happy. He called the Green Oaks School for the blind and asked if he could volunteer. They said, "Sure!" Ta
30、d went to the school and quickly made friends. Every day, he reads books to the children. He plays games with them. Sometimes he helps them do their schoolwork. The children at the school nicknamed him Lucky because they feel so lucky to have him as a friend. That makes Tad happy!31. Tad has been un
31、able to walk since he was born.32. The Green Oaks School called Tad to make him a volunteer.33. Tad reads books to the children at the Green Oaks School once a week.34. Children at the school love Tad.35. Lucky is the nickname of Tad at the school.这篇文章主要介绍泰德生来患有一种使他不能走路的疾病，他不但不会感到悲伤，反而经常给别人带来快乐，他去一所
32、学校做志愿者，给孩子们读书、帮助他们完成功课，孩子们都叫他幸运泰德，这使泰德非常快乐。31.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ He was born with an illness that made him unable to walk. ”，可知他生下来就得了一种使他不能行走的疾病，因此此句的描述是正确的，故选A。32.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“He called the Green Oaks School for the blind and asked if he could volunteer.”，可知是他打电话给绿橡树盲人学校，问他是否可以做志愿者，因此此句
33、的描述是错误的，故选B。33.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ Every day, he reads books to the children.”，可知他是每天给孩子们读书，而不是一周一次，因此此句的描述是错误的，故选B。【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“The children at the school nicknamed him Lucky because they feel so lucky to 34.Ahave him as a friend. 学校的孩子们给他起了个绰号Lucky，因为他们觉得有他做朋友真是太幸运了”，可知学校的孩子们都很喜欢泰德，因此此句的描述是正确的
34、，故选A。【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“The children at the school nicknamed him Lucky”，可知Lucky是学校里泰德35.A的绰号，因此此句的描述是正确的，故选A。C（2020绥化市）When you do your homework, you may often meet some problems. How do you solve them? Tom, a middle school student, would take out his smart phone, open a special app（应用）and search the pr
35、oblem. Answers soon appear on the screen.Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the special apps like Tom. "It's convenient. You don't have to go out or wait for a tutor（家庭教师）at home," Tom said. "You also learn by seeing how others work them out. Its very helpful
36、 and improves students' abilities." said John, another student. He said it was especially true for new types of homework.John's Chinese teacher often asks students to give speeches on great writers. When it comes to John's turn, he usually searches online, picks out certain stories
37、and makes PPTS（演示文稿）. "I've become skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office." John said.However, many people think this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy.Head teacher Mr. Wang in Tom a
38、nd John's school thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. "No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it by yourself first. Remember not to depend on the Internet too much." the teacher said. "Be sure to understand th
39、e reasons behind the answers, or you won't make progress. If you don't have confidence in your self-control, ask your parents for help."根据短文内容判断对错，对的为“T”，错的为“F”。81. Tom and John are in different schools.82. Doing homework with the help of the special apps is convenient.83. Mr. Wang thin
40、ks the key to use the apps well is to have good self-control.84. All the students become lazy by doing homework with the help of the apps.85. Mr. Wang advised students not to depend on the apps too much when doing homework.文章大意：短文讲了一些学生用一个特殊的应用程序解决遇到的一些问题，详细地介绍了人们的不同观点和建议。81.F【解析】理解判断题。根据Head teache
41、r Mr. Wang in Tom and John's school thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. 可知汤姆和约翰在不同的学校是错误的，在同一个学校，故答案为F。82.T【解析】理解判断题。根据Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the special apps like Tom. "It's convenient. 可知在特殊的应用程序的帮助下做作业很方便，故答案为T。83.T【解析】理解判断题。根据Head
42、teacher Mr. Wang in Tom and John's school thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. 可知王先生认为，用好这些应用的关键是要有良好的自制力，故答案为T。84.F【解析】理解判断题。根据Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy.可知在这些应用程序的帮助下，所有的学生都变得懒惰起来是错误的，
43、是一些学生，不是所有学生，故答案为F。85.T【解析】理解判断题。根据"No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it by yourself first. Remember not to depend on the Internet too much." the teacher said. 可知王先生建议学生们在做作业时不要太依赖应用程序，故答案为T。D（2020威海市）阅读C篇，判断正误，请将答案编号涂卡。Someone's always watching you online.How do they
44、 get my information? Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also b
45、e collected from social media（媒体）sites. There are many ways your information can be used.What information do they collect and why? First, companies collect your information. The companies find out where you live, what websites you visit, and what you do online. With this information, they can guess
46、other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are male or female, how old you are, and your interests. The companies use this information to decide which advertisements（广告）are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements. For example, s
47、omeone who likes sports could see an advertisement for sneakers, and someone who like films might see an advertisement for movie.What do they do with my information? Your personal information could also be sold. Some companies collect information just so they can sell it to other businesses. A busin
48、ess that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker. When data brokers sell your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Then these companies will advertise products or other websites to you.What online habits are tracked（追踪）? Another way your per
49、sonal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. Pictures and videos can be shared for free on social media, which is one of the great benefits（福利）. However, that same act of sharing could be problem for your own security（安全）. If someone knows too much about you, they can steal your identity（身份）. Then they can buy things online and post messages while pretending（假装）to be you.Conc