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1、考点36 任务型阅读之判断正误一、任务型阅读理解题解读 任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。 该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言做事的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如雾
2、里看花，似它非它了；而且考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。 二、解题步骤 任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的对应可能是主旨对应，也可能是情节对应，还可以是细节对应等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。 一一对应阅读方法的具体步骤如下： 第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。 第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。 第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上
3、要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。 第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错，并在答题卡上将所选的对应选项涂黑。选"对"涂A，选"错"涂B。One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak held a class meeting. "There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful
4、 event(活动)?" asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat."Tom, you haven't sold flags before," said Miss Mak suddenly. "Would you like to have a try?" Tom was
5、 hesitant(犹豫的), but he finally nodded.On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. "Excuse me, Could you please buy.?" said Angela softly to the first person she met. The man smiled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag. The
6、n she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder. "I did it!" said Angela happily. "It's your turn now."Feeling nervous, Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him. The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked, "Are you se
7、lling flags for Fund for the Homeless Children?" Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠) and Tom gave her a flag. "You made it!" laughed Angela.In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. At last, their collection bag
8、s were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud.11. Tom kept quiet in his seat because he was not interested in the activity.A. Right.B. Wrong.12. When Miss Mak asked Tom to have a try, he finally nodded.A. Right.B. Wrong.13. Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street
9、.A. Right.B. Wrong.14. The first man pay Angela ten dollars for the flag.A. Right.B. Wrong.15. Tom and Angela feel confident after they sold the flags.A. Right.B. Wrong.B阅读理解 阅读下列短文，做出正误判断或选出最佳答案。A篇为判断正(A)误(B)题，B、C篇为选择题。When we were little kids, we knew about traffic lights. The color red means stop
10、, the color green means go and the color yellow means slow down or show some caution (小心). But why are these colors used for traffic lights? Why couldn't they be colors like blue, brown or orange? Here is the history of the colors for traffic lights.Well, it's important to know that before t
11、here were traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals (信号) for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to mean caution. But train drivers had a few problems with the color white meaning go. They could easily mistake stars at night for the signal
12、to go. So railway companies moved to the color green to mean go, and the color yellow to mean caution. The color red has a lot to do with danger. Red is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so it can be seen from a greater distance than other colors. The color yellow is used to mean caution b
13、ecause it has a little shorter wavelength than red, but not as short as green.Believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because they were easier to see in poorly-lit areas. But people once again used red to mean stop after more highly reflec
14、tive (反光) materials were developed. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones and school buses continue to be painted yellow. Traffic lights really came a long way.From: https: /11. The earliest traffic signals were for trains.12. The color blue was once in early traffic si
15、gnals.13 The color green can be seen from a greater distance than other colors.14. Back in the 1900s, yellow was used to mean stop.15. School buses are painted yellow because this color can be seen at all times of the day.A（2020青岛市）阅读以下材料，根据其内容判断其后各个小题正、误。正确的选A，错误的选B。AChina National Film Museum9 Nan
16、ying Road, Chaoyang District, BeijingTel: (010)8435 5959Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon. www. cnfm. org. cnGift shop with legitimate DVDs/ cafeteria/snack shops (popcorn for movie viewing)Forbidden City and the Palace Museum4 Jiangshanqian Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: (010) 8500 7421/742
17、0Open: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)www. dpm. org. cnGift shop/ book shop/ museum guide available/restaurant/ coffee shop/shops and cafesNational Art Museum of China1 Wusida Street, Dongcheng
18、 District, BeijingTel: (010) 6400 1467Open: 9:00-17:00 last entry 16:00www. namoc. orgCafeteria at the back of the buildingNational Museum of China16 East Changan Street, Dongcheng District, BeijingTel: (010)6511 6188Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30www. chnmuseum. cnGift shop
19、/audio guide21. You can visit the China National Film Museum on Tuesday.22. If you want to learn more about films, you can call (010) 6400 1467.23. You can visit the Forbidden City and the Palace Museum on Monday in summer vacation.24. You can enter the National Museum of China at 17:30.25. The four
20、 museums are in the same district of Beijing.B（2020甘肃武威市）阅读以下材料，根据其内容判断其后各个小题正、误。正确的选A，错误的选B。What a Kid!Tad is a very special boy. He is confined to a wheelchair. He was born with an illness that made him unable to walk. Some boys would be sad or angry about that but not Tad. Instead, he looks for w
21、ays to make people happy. He called the Green Oaks School for the blind and asked if he could volunteer. They said, "Sure!" Tad went to the school and quickly made friends. Every day, he reads books to the children. He plays games with them. Sometimes he helps them do their schoolwork. The
22、 children at the school nicknamed him Lucky because they feel so lucky to have him as a friend. That makes Tad happy!31. Tad has been unable to walk since he was born.32. The Green Oaks School called Tad to make him a volunteer.33. Tad reads books to the children at the Green Oaks School once a week
23、.34. Children at the school love Tad.35. Lucky is the nickname of Tad at the school.C（2020绥化市）When you do your homework, you may often meet some problems. How do you solve them? Tom, a middle school student, would take out his smart phone, open a special app（应用）and search the problem. Answers soon a
24、ppear on the screen.Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the special apps like Tom. "It's convenient. You don't have to go out or wait for a tutor（家庭教师）at home," Tom said. "You also learn by seeing how others work them out. Its very helpful and improves student
25、s' abilities." said John, another student. He said it was especially true for new types of homework.John's Chinese teacher often asks students to give speeches on great writers. When it comes to John's turn, he usually searches online, picks out certain stories and makes PPTS（演示文稿）.
26、 "I've become skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office." John said.However, many people think this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy.Head teacher Mr. Wang in Tom and John's school
27、thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. "No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it by yourself first. Remember not to depend on the Internet too much." the teacher said. "Be sure to understand the reasons behind the
28、answers, or you won't make progress. If you don't have confidence in your self-control, ask your parents for help."根据短文内容判断对错，对的为“T”，错的为“F”。81. Tom and John are in different schools.82. Doing homework with the help of the special apps is convenient.83. Mr. Wang thinks the key to use the
29、 apps well is to have good self-control.84. All the students become lazy by doing homework with the help of the apps.85. Mr. Wang advised students not to depend on the apps too much when doing homework.D（2020威海市）阅读C篇，判断正误，请将答案编号涂卡。Someone's always watching you online.How do they get my informati
30、on? Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be collected from
31、social media（媒体）sites. There are many ways your information can be used.What information do they collect and why? First, companies collect your information. The companies find out where you live, what websites you visit, and what you do online. With this information, they can guess other things abou
32、t you. For example, they can guess if you are male or female, how old you are, and your interests. The companies use this information to decide which advertisements（广告）are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements. For example, someone who likes
33、sports could see an advertisement for sneakers, and someone who like films might see an advertisement for movie.What do they do with my information? Your personal information could also be sold. Some companies collect information just so they can sell it to other businesses. A business that collects
34、 and sells personal information is called a data broker. When data brokers sell your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Then these companies will advertise products or other websites to you.What online habits are tracked（追踪）? Another way your personal information
35、 can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. Pictures and videos can be shared for free on social media, which is one of the
36、 great benefits（福利）. However, that same act of sharing could be problem for your own security（安全）. If someone knows too much about you, they can steal your identity（身份）. Then they can buy things online and post messages while pretending（假装）to be you.Conclusion. All of your online habits can be recor
37、ded. Studying people's online habits is big business. Your personal information is very valuable to companies. That is how they know who to send their advertisements to. The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far,
38、 too.正确的，涂A：错误的，涂B。11. All businesses collect a large amount of information about you online.12. People who go to the same website may see different advertisements.13. Data brokers collect your personal information for money.14. If you dont get online, your information will be safe.15. Your personal
39、 information can go anywhere with the Internet.E（2020枣庄市）读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面的问题，正确的答案写T，错误的答案写F。把答案涂在答题卡对应小题的后面。The rockets take astronauts and man-made satellites(卫星)into space. The satellites are used for communication, weather checking and research. But how do satellites stay up without falling down?
40、 There are two opposite forces influencing the satellite. One of them is the force of gravitation(地心引力), which tries to pull the satellite towards the earth and is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away. The other force is created by the turning of the satellite around the earth. Thi
41、s force tries to take the satellite away from the earth. With these two forces, the satellite goes round and round. Everything that goes up has to come down. It is only a matter of time before a satellite comes back to the earth. As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the force
42、pulling it towards the earth stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite fall down to the earth.17. Two same forces have an influence on the satellite.18. The force created by the turning keeps the satellite from flying away.19. Two opposite forces make the satellite turn round
43、 and round.20. The satellite will stay in space forever.F（2020云南省）根据短文内容,判断正误（正确“T”,错误“F”）,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。In China, there are 24 solar terms（节气）in a year. And there are six of them in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice（冬至）, lesser cold(小寒）and greater col
44、d. Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. After beginning of winter, most parts of the country can start to expect cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as
45、 the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day. Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places arou
46、nd the country can expect the coldest weather yet. People often start counting “nine cold periods” starting from winter solstice. Every cold period has nine days. People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come. Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all C
47、hinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start. 26. From the passage, we know that there are six solar terms in winter.27. People in northern China usually have dumplings and mutton soup on beginning of winter.28. Heavy snow comes before li
48、ght snow.29. All Chinese are ready to celebrate the Spring Festival after greater cold.30. The passage tells us how people celebrate the Spring Festival.G（2020昆明市）Robots have built a big house in Switzerland using 3D-printed materials. It is the first house made by robots for people to live in. It i
49、s more environmentally friendly and safer than man-made houses.The creators say the big house will inspire the future of building. “This is a new way seeing architecture（建筑）,” said one of the creators. "How you build is important."The big house was built completely from robot-made materials. It used 60% less cement（水泥）than a man-made house. Its ceilings（天花板）were made with a 3D printer. There are 35 parts in the house and each one was built in 60 to 90 minutes. It means that the robots built the full house in just 48 hours.It is not the first time for robots to build houses. The