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1、31 真题模拟检测-备战2022年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测1、 单项选择（从题中所给的ABCD四个选项中选出最佳答案）1. 【2019 青海省中考】For your own _, please dont smoke on the plane. A. feelingsB. safety C. health【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了你自己的安全，请在飞机上不要吸烟。feeling感情；safety安全；health健康；因为句子里有on the plane，在飞机上吸烟是危险的，所以选为了安全，而不选health。故选B。2. 【2019 湖北省黄冈市】Oh, my God!
2、 We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?Im afraid that we have no _ but to take a taxi.A. ideaB. decisionC. reasonD. choice【答案】D【解析】句意：哦，天哪！我们错过了末班车。我们该怎么办？ 恐怕我们别无选择，只能乘出租车了。A. idea想法；B. decision决定；C. reason原因；D. choice选择。结合语境：We have missed the last bus.和but to take a taxi.可知，由于错过了末班车。所以乘出租车
3、是唯一的选择。故选D。3. 【2019 山东省滨州市】After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for _.A. priceB. noiseC. peaceD. course【答案】C【解析】句意：经过多年的战争，叙利亚人民渴望和平。考查名词辨析。A. price价格；B. noise噪音；C. peace和平；D. course课程。根据After years of war, the people in Syrian are thirsty for _.可知句意为经过多年的战争，叙利亚人民渴望和平。设空处表达的是和平，根据Afte
4、r years of war结合选项可知C选项符合题意，故选C。4. 【2019 江苏省无锡市】If something is wrong, fix it if you can. Do not worry. Worry never fixes .A. somethingB. everythingC. anythingD. nothing【答案】C【解析】句意：如果出了什么问题，如果可以的话，把它解决好。别担心。忧虑永远不会解决任何问题。A. something某事；某物；B. everything每件事；C. anything任何事物；D. nothing没有什么。anything一般用于否定
5、句和疑问句中；something则用在肯定句中；everything以单数形式表达所有的概念；nothing则表示什么都没有。因为句中有never，可知，本题是否定句，因此应该选择anything任何事物；符合语境：忧虑永远不会解决任何问题。故选C。5. 【2019 甘肃省兰州市】We gave away _ books to the school library last year.A. six thousandsB. six thousandC. six thousands ofD. six thousand of【答案】B【解析】句意：去年我们把6000本书捐给了学校图书馆。结合选项，本
6、题考查数词的用法，英文的数目表达方式有两种：精确数目和含糊数目。精确数目如：two million dollars，两百万美元；数词无复数，也没有of；含糊数目如：millions of dollars，数百万美元；数词用复数，且有of；这个句中的数目属于精确数目，6000本书。就应该表达成 six thousand books；不加of，数词也无复数。故选B。6. 【2018咸宁】Have you watched the latest TV program Running Man? Of course! It's popular wi
7、th _ the young _ the old.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not; but【答案】 C【解析】考查并列连词短语辨析。句意“你看过最新的电视节目奔跑吧兄弟吗？”“当然看过！它在老年人年轻人中都很受欢迎。”either.or.(两者中)或者或者，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致；neither.nor.(两者中)既不也不，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持
8、一致；both.and. (两者中)都，谓语动词用复数；not.but.不是而是。根据句意和常识可知，这个节目是一个老少皆宜的节目，在年轻人和老年人这两个群体中都很受欢迎。故选C。7. (2018攀枝花)Which season do you like _ in Panzhihua, dry season or rainy season?Rainy season.A. well B. better C. best D. the best【答案】 B【解析】考查副词比较级。句意“你喜欢攀枝花的哪个季节，旱季还是雨季
9、？”“雨季。”根据比较的对象是两者，应该用比较级。故选B。8.【2019 深圳市】How was your skating lesson last week? Not bad. Although I fell over many times, I managed to skate at last. A. in the endB. at presentC. at times【答案】A【解析】句意：你上周的滑冰课怎么样？还好。虽然我摔倒了很多次，但最后还是会滑了。at last，意为“在最后，最终”；A 选项 in the end，意为“最后，最终”；B 选项 at present， 意为“现在”
10、；C 选项 at times，意为“有时，偶尔”。故答案选 A。9.【2019 甘肃省兰州市】The magazine _ Lucys. We can see her name on the cover. A. mustnt beB. cant beC. must beD. neednt be【答案】C【解析】句意：杂志一定是露西的。我们可以在封面上看到她的名字。A. mustnt be一定不是；B. cant be不可能是；C. must be一定是；D. neednt be不必是。本题考查肯定的推测。根据We can see her name on the cover. 我们可以在封面上看
11、到她的名字。可知，杂志一定是露西的。因此选择must be一定是；表示肯定的推测。故选C。10.【2019 湖北省孝感市】May I join the art club, Dad? If you have interest, you _. A. shouldB. canC. have toD. must【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：爸爸，我可以参加艺术俱乐部吗？如果你有兴趣，你可以。should应该，表建议；can可以/能，表许可或能力；have to必须，强调客观需要；must必须，强调主观意愿。问句may表示请求许可，根据句意语境，可知选B。11.【2019 襄阳市】 Your
12、 sister _ your mother very much. Many people regard them as sisters when they hang out together. A. cares forB. takes after C. helps outD. believes in【答案】B【解析】句意：你姐姐长得很像你妈妈。当她们一起出去闲逛的时候，很多人把她们当成姐妹。考查动词短语。A. cares for关心、照顾；B. takes after与相像；C. helps out帮助摆脱困难；D. believes in相信。根据下文Many people regard t
13、hem as sisters很多人把她们当成姐妹，可推知应是她们长得很像，故答案选B。12.【2019 襄阳市】 Why wont we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon? Because they _ Longzhong for a study trip. A. have gone toB. have been toC. had gone toD. had been to【答案】A【解析】句意：今天下午我们为什么不和四班一起打篮球?因为他们去隆中研学旅行去了。考查现在完成时。A. have gone to现在完成时，表示去了某地，可能已到
14、达某地，也可能在去某地的路途中；B. have been to现在完成时，表示去了某地，现在已经回来了；C. had gone to过去完成时，表示去了某地，说话时人不在这里；D. had been to过去完成时，表示去了某地，说话时人已经回来了。本题根据语境可知四班去隆中的动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响和结果，所以应用现在完成时，排除C、D选项；再根据句意可知应用have gone to结构，排除B选项；故答案选A。13.【2019 四川省眉山市】Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun. A. is; in
15、ventingB. is; invented C. has; inventedD. was; invented【答案】D【解析】句意：在中国大约两千年前，纸最开始被蔡伦发明。本题考查时态语态。A.现在进行时；B.一般现在时的被动语态；C.现在完成时；D.一般过去时的被动语态。主语paper与谓语invent之间为被动be done，排除A和C；且根据two thousand years ago可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。14. 【2019 眉山市】What did Tom say to you just now, John?He asked _.A. why I am so happ
16、y todayB. what will I do for the weekendC. Who did I play football with after schoolD. if I could go to the movie with him tonight【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意：约翰，汤姆刚才跟你说什么了？他询问我今晚是否和他一起去看电影。根据主句的谓语asked可知后面的宾语从句用一般过去时，故排除A、B两项。宾语从句的词序：疑问词+主语+宾语，故排除C项。故选D。15. 【2019 宜昌市】More and more people prefer to walk ra
17、ther than ride in cars. . Walking is good for health.A. So they areB. So are theyC. So they doD. So do they【答案】C【解析】句意：越来越多的人宁愿走路也不愿坐车。确实如此，步行对健康有好处。考查倒装句。So+助动词/系动词+主语是部分倒装结构，表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者；后一句子若只是重复前句的意思，主语仍是上文的人或物，表示对上文所讲事实的肯定或强调，则用So +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词结构。上句prefer to walk是动词短语，本句需用相应的助动词，可排
18、除系词are；根据Walking is good for health.可知这里是重复前句的意思，为加强语气，需用So +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词结构，故选C。2、 完形填空（从题中所给的ABCD四个选项中选出最佳答案）【2019 广州市中考】The first astronautsSince the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky. This is very differe
19、nt from the situation 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe.When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not people-they were animals.Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as po
20、ssible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space. Many of them 8 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9 forget these animal
21、s.Albert was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 11 the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to earth 12 very good health.Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 13
22、animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years1. A. lookB. to lookC. lookingD. looked2. A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of3. A. exploreB. to exploreC. explore
23、dD. exploring4. A. asB. orC. butD. so5. A. safeB. saferC. safestD. the safest6. A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs7. A. whomB. whatC. thatD. whose8. A. dieB. diedC. have diedD. will die9. A. shouldntB. may notC. dont have toD. neednt10. A. ifB. becauseC. afterD. since11. A. LuckB. LuckyC. LuckierD. Luc
24、kily12. A. atB. onC. inD. for13. A. aB. anC. theD. /14. A. sendB. sentC. is sentD. was sent15. A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the others【文章大意】人类对太空研究始于几千年前，那时科学还很落后，人们只能用肉眼观察天空。现在人类有了现代化的技术，他们对太空有了更多的了解。那么人类第一次进入太空是什么时候呢？其实在人类进入太空之前，科学家们先用很多动物进行了实验，保证人类太空旅行的安全。1. B【解析】句意：现在人们使用现代的机器来看天空。look看，动词原形；to
25、 look动词不定式；looking动名词形式；looked是过去式或过去分词形式。根据句意可知，空后表示use modern machines的目的，为了看天空，故应用动词不定式，选B。2. D【解析】句意：这与几千年前的情况不同，那时人们只能用眼观察天空。thousand千，数量单位；thousands复数形式；thousand of形式错误；thousands of成千上万的，固定短语。根据句意和空后的years可知，这个空修饰后面的名词，故应选D。3. D【解析】句意：也许他们梦想着探索宇宙。explore探索，动词原形；to explore动词不定式；explored过去式或过去分词
26、；exploring动名词。句中使用了短语dream of，意为梦想，后跟名词或者动名词形式。故应选D。4. A【解析】句意：这个故事发生在不久前，因为第一批宇航员不是人它们是动物。as因为；作为；当时候；or或者；否则；but但是；so因此，所以。根据句意可知，空后这句话解释前面The story began not very long ago，故用as引导原因状语从句，选A。5. A【解析】句意：科学家们想要使人们的太空旅行尽可能地安全。safe安全的，形容词；safer更安全的，形容词比较级；safest最安全的，形容词最高级；the safest最高级。句中使用了短语asas poss
27、ible，尽可能，两个as之间用形容词的原级，故选A。6. B【解析】句意：所以他们决定用动物做实验，并在太空飞行中对它们进行测试。they他们，它们，人称代词主格形式；them他们，它们，人称代词宾格形式；their他们的，它们的形容词性物主代词；theirs名词性物主代词。根据句子结构可知，空前test是动词，该空是它的宾语，故应用宾格形式，选B。7. C【解析】句意：昆虫、老鼠、青蛙、狗和猴子是最早进入太空的一些动物。whom关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语；what什么；不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人，也可以为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose
28、的，引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。根据句子结构可知，空后是一个定语从句，修饰先行词some of the animals，且从句中缺少主语，故应选C。8. B【解析】句意：很多动物都死了，但是它们帮助使太空旅行对人类更安全。die死，动词原形；died过去式；have died现在完成时；will die一般将来时。根据文意可知，从第二段开始，作者讲述了科学家们过去对太空的探索，以一般过去时态来叙述，故这里应用过去式，选B。9. A【解析】句意：因为它们的伟大贡献，我们不应该忘记这些动物。shouldnt不应该；may not可能不；dont have to不必，没有必要；neednt不需要。
29、根据句意For their great service可知，这里应表示不应该忘记，故选A。10. C【解析】句意：不幸的是，在他的宇宙飞船返回地球后，他死了。if如果，是否；because因为；after在之后；since自从。根据句意可知，这里应表示在回到地球之后，用after引导时间状语从句，故选C。11. D【解析】句意：幸运的是，对于猴子Ham来说，结果是不同的。Luck运气，名词；Lucky幸运的，形容词；Luckier更幸运的，形容词比较级；Luckily幸运地，副词。根据句意和句子结构可知，该空修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故选D。12. C【解析】句意：当他健康地返回地
30、球时，他的故事在愉快中结束了。at在具体时刻或小地点；on在上面，关于；in在里面；for为了，因为。这里考查固定短语inhealth处在样的健康状况，表示状态，故应选C。13. B【解析】句意：科学家们想知道一个重要问题的答案：像Ham这样的动物在太空中能做和在地球上一样的事情吗？a和an 是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指一直；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，修饰名词表示特指。根据句意可知，这里表示像一样的一个，表示泛指，空后animal的读音中，第一个音素是/æ/，元音音素，故应选B。14. D【解析】句意：当Ham在1961年被送入太空时这个问题有了答案。s
31、end送，寄；sent是过去式；is sent一般现在时的被动语态；was sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语Ham与动词构成被动关系，应使用被动语态，故先排除A和B；再根据句中的时间in 1961可知，时间是过去的，应用一般过去时，故应选D。15. A【解析】句意：答案是肯定的，他每件事都做得很好，而且在那里又活了16年。another再，又；另一个；other其他的，形容词，修饰名词；others其他人或物，代词；the others其余全部人或物。根据句意和空后的16 years可知，这里表示又活了16年，故应选A。3、 任务型阅读（2019 江苏省南京市）Thoug
32、h times have changed, falling asleep in class is still a common occurrence (常事) among teenagers.Why do students sometimes fall asleep in class? An obvious reason is lack of sleep. However, there are also causes for getting too little sleep. However, there are also causes for getting too little sleep
33、. Homework is a daily occurrence for most students, one that can take three to four hours per night. A teenager who wants to be able to take part in any activity besides homework must stay up late to fit everything in. Club activities, sports, computer-game playing, and TV viewing, for example, all
34、contribute to (促成) teens having less time for both homework and sleep. Sometimes teens lack sleep because of after-school jobs that are taken on to earn extra money for college, family expenses, or simply for clothes. Physical problems are another factor that can cause students to fall asleep in cla
35、ss. For example, insomnia, which may keep a student up at night, causing exhaustion (疲惫不堪) during class hours, is a serious problem that may require medical attention. Medical evidence also supports the idea that each person has a body clock that helps to decide his or her sleep pattern. Unluckily,
36、these body clocks do not always work according to school timetables.The effects of falling asleep in class can be quite serious. First of all, sleeping in class is not a good way to endear (使受喜爱) yourself to teachers. In addition, it is highly possible that other students may make jokes about those
37、who sleep in class. However, the most harmful effects of sleeping in class is missing out on important points. In the long run, sleepers may end up failing classes.Since teens are probably not going to deal with the problem, falling asleep in class will probably remain an all-too-common occurrence.
38、It will continue until more teens find a way to balance their personal and social lives with school and work, while still finding enough time to sleep.IntroductionTimes have changed, 1 falling asleep in class is still quite common.CausesLack of sleep To 2 doing their homework, students may have to w
39、ork three to four hours every night. To 3 homework with activities, students may stay up late. To spare time for after-school jobs, students may not have 4 time to sleep.Physical problems Insomnia may 5 students falling asleep at night. Students body clocks do not always 6 their school timetables.Ef
40、fects Students sleeping in class may not be 7 by their teachers. Students who sleep in class run the 8 of being laughed at. Students who sleep too much in class may miss out on important knowledge and 9 in their study.ConclusionThe problem will not be 10 until teenagers can manage their lives, deal
41、with their school and work, and then still have time to sleep.【答案与解析】【文章大意】文章介绍了上课睡觉的原因，可能是因为睡眠不足，课下有作业和一些要参加的活动，不可能有充足的睡眠，还有一个原因就是失眠，有的孩子的生物钟和上课时间不一致，这需要药物的帮助，上课睡觉不仅让老师不喜欢，听课也以失败而告终。上课睡觉仍然是一个常见的事情，直到青少年找到一个平衡他们自己和社会工作的方法，有了足够的时间睡觉。1but 【解析】根据Though times have changed, falling asleep in class is sti
42、ll a common occurrence (常事) among teenagers.可知是但是上课睡觉想当普通；故填but。2finish 【解析】根据Homework is a daily occurrence for most students, one that can take three to four hours per night.可知是为了完成作业；故填finish。3balance 【解析】根据A teenager who wants to be able to take part in any activity besides homework must stay up
43、 late to fit everything in.可知是为平衡有活动的作业；故填balance。4enough 【解析】Sometimes teens lack sleep because of after-school jobs可知是没有足够的时间睡觉；故填enough。5stop/prevent 【解析】根据insomnia, which may keep a student up at night可知是失眠阻止学生晚上睡觉，stop/prevent sb doing sth阻止某人做某事；故填stop/prevent。6match 【解析】根据Unluckily, these bod
44、y clocks do not always work according to school timetables.可知是学生的生物钟和学校的时间表不匹配；故填match。7liked/loved 【解析】根据sleeping in class is not a good way to endear (使受喜爱) yourself to teachers.可知上课睡觉不被老师喜欢，被动语态be+过去分词；故填liked/loved 。8risk/possibility 【解析】根据In addition, it is highly possible that other students m
45、ay make jokes about those who sleep in class.可知上课睡觉的学生有被嘲笑的风险或可能性；故填risk/possibility。9fail 【解析】根据In the long run, sleepers may end up failing classes.可知在学习上不及格；故填fail。10solved 【解析】根据Since teens are probably not going to deal with the problem, falling asleep in class will probably remain an all-too-c
46、ommon occurrence. It will continue until more teens find a way to balance their personal and social lives with school and work, while still finding enough time to sleep.可知直到青少年能掌控他们的生活，处理学习和工作，有足够的时间睡觉，问题才能解决，根据句子结构可知用被动语态；故填solved。4、 语法填空将下列单词的适当形式填入空格，每空限填一词，每词只能用一次。continue make place careful who
47、 same stop before good somethingA man named Bill once visited a temple that was still being built. He saw a sculptor（雕刻家）（1） a sculpture. As he watched the man work on the sculpture， he noticed that there was a similar sculpture lying nearby. He felt strange and asked the sculptor， "Why are you creating two （2） sculptures? Do you need two to put in different （3） ?""No. " the man said without looking up， "We need only one， but