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1、专题三细节理解探考情 悟真题【考情探究】考点内容五年考频统计2015北京卷2016北京卷2017北京卷2018北京卷2019北京卷细节理解细节理解题要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念,且能理解某句、某段的意义86987分析解读一篇文章确定主题后,通常要通过大量的事实和细节对主题进行扩展和支撑,因此很多阅读理解题是根据文章的细节设计的。细节理解题考查考生对文中的某一特定的表层信息的把握,解题时要将关注点落在“理解”二字上,不能仅通过获取关键词解决问题,再简单的题都要建立在“理解细节”的基础上。纵观近五年的高考题可以看出对细节理解方面的考查所占比例一直维持在50%上下,但考查难度稍有增
2、加,具体表现在:考生可能需要在不同段落搜集有效信息;题干信息或选项信息与原文信息表达方式不一致;考生有时需要将若干个信息点进行综合理解甚至是浅层地推理判断才能得出答案。【五年高考】A组自主命题·北京卷题组Passage 1(2019北京,A) 词数:295Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA). Whatever
3、 stage of life youre at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 1724. Now we need volunteer managers aged 2575. They are extremely import
4、ant in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You mig
5、ht also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-w
6、eek and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.1 Aug.20 Jun.7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul.20 Aug.19 Jun.6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul.16 Aug.18 Jun.5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug.29 Aug.15 Jun.2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where ou
7、r help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www
8、.glodeve.orgEmail:humanresourcesglodeve.org1.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A.To seek local partners.B.To take in young volunteers.C.To carry out programmes.D.To foster cultural awareness.2.The programme beginning in August will operate in. A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.South
9、Africa3.The shared goal of GDAs projects is to. A.explore new culturesB.protect the environmentC.gain corporate benefitsD.help communities in need答案1.C2.D3.DPassage 2(2018北京,B) 词数:284Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) CenterIf youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and A
10、viation Center(SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They
11、 come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what theyre studying in the classroom.For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Explorati
12、on badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skil
13、ls in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the
14、importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a weekthere is something here for everyone!For more details, p
15、lease visit us online at .1.Why do people come to SAC?A.To experience adventures.B.To look for jobs in aviation.C.To get a degree in engineering.D.To learn more about medicine.2.To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to . A.fly to spaceB.get an Aviation badge firstC.study the princi
16、ples of flightD.build and fire model rockets3.What is the most important for trainees?A.Leadership.B.Team spirit. C.Task planning.D.Survival skills.答案1.A2.D3.BPassage 3(2017北京,B)词数:184Inspiring young minds!TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing, bringing a unique combinati
17、on of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine?Well, it has no ads or promotions insideinstead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts
18、and even philosophy(哲学)and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.Whats inside?Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to makethe magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young r
19、eaders have a balanced take on life.Sounds too good to be true?Take a look onlineevidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.Happy Birthday All Year!What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the let
20、terbox every month?The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope 55Rest of World 65Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and SubscriptionEurope 60Rest of World 70Refund Policythe
21、 subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.1.Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?A.It entertains young parents.B.It provides serious advertisements.C.It publishes popular science fictions.D.It combines fun with complex concepts.2.What does TOKNOW offer its readers?A.O
22、nline courses.B.Articles on new topics.C.Lectures on a balanced life.D.Reports on scientific discoveries.3.How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?A.55.B.60.C.65.D.70.4.Subscribers of TOKNOW would get. A.free birthday presentsB.full refund
23、 within 28 daysC.membership of the TOKNOW clubD.chances to meet the experts in person答案1.D2.B3.D4.BPassage 4(2016北京,A) 词数:316December 15,2014Dear Alfred,I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, Im a
24、nything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍).Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first websi
25、te. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldnt.So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online com
26、puter courses of your training center.Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your videos.This has given me a purpose.Last year, I spent
27、 all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to col
28、lege, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors.Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours,Tanis
29、1.Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school?A.She had learned enough about computer science.B.She had more difficulty keeping focused.C.She preferred taking online courses.D.She was too slow to learn.2.As for the working environment, Tanis prefers. A.working by herselfB.dealing with the p
30、ublicC.competing against othersD.staying with ADHD students3.Tanis wrote this letter in order to. A.explain why she was interested in the computerB.share the ideas she had for her professionC.show how grateful she was to the centerD.describe the courses she had taken so far答案1.B2.A3.CPassage 5(
31、2015北京,A) 词数:364The Boy Made It!One Sunday,Nicholas,a teenager,went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine.In the early afternoon,when he was planning to go home,a fierce snowstorm swept into the area.Unable to see far,he accidentally turned off the path.Before he knew it,Nicholas was lost,all alone!
32、 He didnt have food,water,a phone,or other supplies.He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was.He tried not to panic.He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV.It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing.There was a bett
33、er chance of someone finding him if he stayed put.The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.If he didnt,his body temperature would get very low,which could quickly kill him.Using his skis,Nicholas built a snow cave.He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole i
34、n the middle.Then he piled branches on top of himself,like a blanket,to stay as warm as he could.By that evening,Nicholas was really hungry.He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water.Not knowing how much longer he could last,Nicholas did the only th
35、ing he couldhe huddled(蜷缩)in his cave and slept.The next day,Nicholas went out to look for help,but he couldnt find anyone.He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave,because without shelter,he could die that night.On Tuesday,Nicholas went out again to find help.He had walked for about a mi
36、le when a volunteer searcher found him.After two days stuck in the snow,Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV.He had often watched Grylls survival show Man vs. Wild.Thats where he learned the tips that saved his life.In each episode(一期节目)
37、of Man vs. Wild,Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds,he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.1.What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon
38、?A.He got lost. B.He broke his skis.C.He hurt his eyes.D.He caught a cold.2.How did Nicholas keep himself warm?A.He found a shelter.B.He lighted some branches.C.He kept on skiing. D.He built a snow cave.3.On Tuesday,Nicholas. A.returned to his shelter safelyB.was saved by a searcherC.got stuck
39、in the snow D.stayed where he was4.Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he. A.did the right things in the dangerous situationB.watched Grylls TV program regularlyC.created some tips for survivalD.was very hard-working答案1.A2.D3.B4.AB组统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组Passage 1(2019课标全国,A) 词
40、数:256Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student?Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people un
41、der 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible:Youth 1518 years old in selec
42、t communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible:Students aged 1529, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Steward
43、ship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible:Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, student
44、s are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible:Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.1.What is special about Summer Co
45、mpany?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows one to work in the natural environment.D.It offers more summer job opportunities.2.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A.1518.B.1524.C.1529.D.1617.3.Which prog
46、ram favors the disabled?A.Jobs for Youth.B.Summer Company.C.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D.Summer Employment Opportunities.答案1.B2.D3.DPassage 2(2019课标全国,A)词数:204OPENINGS AND PREVIEWSAnimals Out of PaperYolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.)The Audience