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1、专题七语法填空【考情探究】项目卷名语篇类型主题有提示词无提示词主题语境主题语境内容词性转换谓语动词非谓语动词形容词、副词名词的数介词冠词代词连词、复合句及其他2019课标说明文人与自然人与动物222101101课标记叙文人与自我生命的意义与价值2230001022018课标说明文人与自我生活方式212111011课标说明文人与自然社会发展与环境3220011012017课标说明文人与自我生活方式122111101课标说明文人与社会社会进步3210111102016课标记叙文人与自然人与动物212011111课标说明文人与自我个人生活2112111012015课标记叙文人与自然自然环境12211
2、1011课标说明文人与自然社会发展与环境313001101总计2116206698410占比21%16%20%6%6%9%8%4%10%分析解读1.语篇类型近五年高考课标卷语法填空所选文章主要为说明文和记叙文,难度适中,区分度较好。2.主题语境近五年高考课标卷语法填空涵盖了课程标准列举的人与自我、人与社会和人与自然三大主题语境,主题语境内容涉及人与动物、个人生活、自然环境、社会进步等话题,较好地涵盖了普通高中英语课程标准涉及的话题。3.命题角度近五年高考课标卷语法填空设题分为有提示词和无提示词两种,以考查词性转换、谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词和各类复合句为主,兼顾形容词、副词、名词的数、介词和谓
3、语动词、冠词、代词。考点涵盖了词汇、语法规则、构词知识、逻辑理解等方面。 4.备考建议(1)突出对重点语法的复习和训练,根据高考题总结高频考点,熟练掌握应对每一个考点的常用方法;(2)完成试题后,大声朗读原文,不断品味挖空特点,加深对高考命题的理解。【真题探秘】真题再现The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence 1 they range a
4、ll the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 3 trackin
5、g polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing.
6、Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six10 (be) stable, one is increasing,
7、 and nine lack enough data. 阅读点拨重点词汇1.land mass n.陆块2.range v. (在一定的范围内)变化,变动3.figure out 计算出4.calculate v. 估算,计算5.track v. 跟踪;追踪6.employ v. 应用;运用;使用7.consistently adv. 一致地;始终如一地,连续地8.respond adj. 回答,回应9.stable adj. 稳定的;稳固的;牢固的高效解题有提示词2答案poorly考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词has been studied。4答案to perform考查
8、非谓语动词。该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构,主语methods与perform为被动关系,但用不定式的主动式作状语。 5答案have reported考查谓语动词。由In recent years可知此处应用现在完成时。6答案belief 考查词性转换。 根据设空处前的冠词a及后面的同位语从句可知,此处应填名词belief。7答案noting考查非谓语动词。介词后应用note的动词-ing形式noting作宾语。8答案higher考查形容词的比较级。根据设空处后的than可知,此处用high的比较级。10答案are考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空处前的are及设空处后的is和lack可知,本句
9、是现在时态,又根据six可知此处填are。无提示词1答案that考查同位语从句。此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容,“证据表明”。3答案of/for考查介词。method of/for.是固定搭配,意为“的方法”。9答案the考查冠词。此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群,因此用定冠词the。命题形式语法填空的命题形式分为给出提示词和不给提示词两种。考查内容考查范围覆盖考纲规定的大部分内容,考点主要包括谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词和复合句。同时也会涉及冠词、代词、介词和固定搭配等考点。审题指导1.通读全文,了解大意。文章主要介绍了北极熊的分布区域和
10、北极熊数量的变化情况。2.通过阅读全文,大致了解设空处所涉及的语法考点。【考点集训】单句填空1.Many people live along the coast make a living in fishing industry. 2.The (disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. 3.In the 1950s in the USA, most families (have) just one phone at home, and wireless phone
11、s hadn't been invented yet. 4.It suddenly occurred to him that he (leave) his keys in the office. 5.I cannot control my body well. My legs become (pain). 6.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
12、 7.Susan made it clear to me that she wished (make) a new life for herself. 8.Keep (hold) your position for a while. 9.Many airlines now allow passengers (print) their boarding passes online to save their valuable time. 10.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and the
13、n I noticed a man(sit) at the front. 11.The aim of education is to teach young people (think) for themselves and not follow others blindly. 12.“That would be a very(reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said. 13.I was driving down to
14、 London when I (sudden) found that I was on the wrong road. 14. (sad), he didn't pass the exam the other day. 15.I got to the office earlier that day, (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington. 16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better tha
15、n anyone else in the sports field. 17.News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. 答案1.who/that2.disappearance3.had4.had left5.painful6.that7.to make8.holding9.to print10.sitting11.to think12.reasonable13.suddenly14.Sadly15.having caught16.that17.that【
16、方法集训】有提示词1.In 1962, Rachel Carson's best-selling book “Silent Spring” created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药). 答案awareness2.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu, as well as his hope that the Queen would appreciate traditional Chinese culture. 答案himself3.
17、If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great) and less importance. 答案greater4.A museum has managed to draw in lots of visitors to learn about a century-old duck recipe. It(build)for the public to understand the brand's cultu
18、re. 答案was built5.When they destroy a farmer's crops, the farmer must(pay) compensation. 答案be paid6.There are always lots of people in the street, and there is always something(see)or do. 答案to see7.I felt hopeless and alone, and more(depress) than I knew was possible.
19、答案depressed8.My friends here usually take my likes and dislikes into consideration when (order), and I do the same for them. 答案ordering9.(see) the news of its return to Yiwu,Jin's mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter to Queen Elizabeth. 答案Seeing10.The ann
20、ouncement was presented as a letter (write)by the couple to their new baby girl, Max. 答案written11.It took a lot of financial resources and time (create) the lake, which is enough to irrigate(灌溉) the whole farm. 答案to create12.Prices for celebrity answers also increased with more people (a
21、sk) questions online. 答案asking无提示词1.What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other's cups. 答案but/yet2.There are many good websitesyou can check out the latest in the science world. 答案where3.It's possi
22、ble that one way out could be blocked by fire or smoke, so you'll want to knowother ones are. 答案where4.Actually, children learn violent behavior from adults or from they see on television or on the Internet. 答案what5.The song “A Little Bit Longer” by Nick Jonas is an emotional and in
23、spiring song that whenever I hear it, I always come close to dropping down tears. 答案such6.Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to itjust keeping buildings from falling down. 答案than7.Guan Zhengwen, chief director of the show, considers written Chinese the root of China&
24、#39;s cultural heritage. 答案as8.Apartthe cold, thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness. 答案from9.According to SCMP, the so-called “four new great inventions” were basedlast year's research conducted by the Silk Road Research Institute. 答案on【五年高考】A组统一命题&#
25、183;课标卷题组Passage 1(2019课标全国)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1 (be) Britain's oldest full-time employeestill working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard wor
26、k have 3 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4 (declare) she had no plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I don't see any reason to give up work. I
27、 love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don
28、't have any idea who put Grandma forward. When we got a call 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 10 (wonder).” 答案1.being2.which3.finally4.declared5.to retire6.have made7.but8.sayi
29、ng9.a10.wonderfulPassage 2(2019课标全国)On our way to the house, it was raining 1 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 2 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by
30、their masters 4 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from wo
31、rk, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 7 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 8 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9 (invite) to attend a p
32、rivate concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 答案1.so2.to get3.of4.who5.recommendedpetition7.traditional8.hugely9.were invited10.listeningPassage 3(2018课标全国)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, r
33、unners live three years1(long)than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long2(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of3(die)early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it4(be)more effective at
34、 lengthening life5walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 20146showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all7(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But ot
35、herwise.it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to8(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always9(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same b
36、enefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give10a try. 答案1.longer2.to see3.dying4.is5.than6.that/which7.causes8.strengthen9.energetic10.it/runningPassage 4(2018课标全国)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country1(grow)more corn than rice. Corn production
37、 has jumped nearly 125 percent over2past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is3(actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn
38、 instead of rice4(improve)water quality. Corn uses less water5rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run-off. This switch has decreased6(pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percen
39、t of total7(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government8(start) a soil-testing program9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmersand 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 mi
40、llion tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while10(feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 答案1.has grown2.the3.actually4.to improve5.than6.pollution7.global8.started9.tha
41、t/which10.feedingPassage 5(2018课标全国)I'm not sure1is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at2top of her
42、 lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the3(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid4(look)directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel5(challenge). My
43、name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a6(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching7these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just gla
44、d to find8(they)alive. True to gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal9(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying:“I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered, he allowed me10(stay)and watch. 答案1.who2.the3.loudest4.looking5.challenged6.scient
45、ist7.for8.them9.meant10.to stayPassage 6(2017课标全国)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)1a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side2(effect)such as overweight
46、 and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required3(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt4(remove)from food, the food tastes as if
47、 it is missing something. As5result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even6(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food7(be)full of fat and salt;by8(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals a