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1、第二部分语言运用专题六完形填空【考情探究】项目卷名语篇类型语篇主题难度命题角度主题语境主题语境内容动词(短语)名词/代词形容词、副词其他词类2019课标记叙文人与自然环境保护难8750课标记叙文人与社会良好的人际关系中95512018课标记叙文人与自我善于学习难9740课标记叙文人与自我父巧救子中93712017课标记叙文人与自我乐于学习难10550课标记叙文人与自我学生其人中98302016课标记叙文人与社会社会进步难7544课标记叙文人与社会闻声不如见面中64822015课标记叙文人与社会社会交往中6860课标记叙文人与自我实践的意义中7661总计8058539占比40%29%26.5%4
2、.5%分析解读1.语篇类型近五年高考课标卷完形填空均为记叙文,所选文章均传达了积极向上的精神,体现了高考英语完形填空弘扬“真善美”的主题,落实了高考“立德树人”的选拔标准,有助于培养学生的良好思维品质。2.主题语境近五年高考课标卷完形填空涵盖了课程标准列举的人与自我、人与社会和人与自然三大主题语境,其中人与社会所占比例较大。主题语境内容涉及人物故事、人际关系、自然环境、社会生活等,较好地涵盖了普通高中英语课程标准涉及的话题。3.命题角度近五年高考课标卷完形填空以考查动词、名词/代词、形容词、副词等实词为主,虚词考查很少,挖空处一般是为了综合考查考生的理解能力、分析问题和解决问题的能力。注重上下
3、文或对整个语篇的理解,避免纯语法考查,突出词汇语境化、语法语用化、选择综合化。 但2020届山东高考模拟卷考查了连词和介词,需要引起考生的重视。4.备考建议(1)精选优质试题,限时训练,熟练掌握应对完形填空的常用方法;(2)完成试题后,大声朗读原文,赏析文章情节,不断品味挖空特点,加深对高考命题的感悟;(3)在文中标注重点词汇和优美句子,体会熟词生义的用法,注重积累。【真题探秘】真题再现Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They1with th
4、em lots of waste. The2might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the3of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I'm4about the placeother destinations are described as “purer”natural experiences. However, I soon5that much has changed since the days of d
5、isturbing reports of6among tons of rubbish. I find a7mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are8but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be9. The best of a Kilimanjaro10, in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains
6、are 11as spiritual places by many cultures. This12is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as13go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters,14lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather15low clouds envelop the mo
7、untainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I16twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland17:gravel(砾石), stones and rocks.18you climb into an arctic-like zone with19snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro20its reputation as a crowde
8、d mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true. 1.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring2.A.stories B.buildingsC.crowds D.reporters3.A.positionB.ageC.face D.name4.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy5.A.discoverB.argueC.decide D.advocate6.A.equipment B.gra
9、ssC.camps D.stones7.A.remoteB.quietC.tall D.clean8.A.new B.specialC.significantD.necessary9.A.paying offB.spreading outC.blowing up D.fading away10.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight11.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded12.A.view B.qualityC.reason D.purpose13.A.scientists B.climbe
10、rs C.locals D.officials14.A.holding on toB.going back toC.living up toD.giving way to15.A.changes B.clearsC.improvesD.permits16.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add17.A.village B.desertC.road D.lake18.A.Obviously B.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.Finally19.A.permanent B.littleC.fresh D.artificial20.A.enjoy B.deser
11、ve C.save D.acquire阅读点拨文体特征速读文章可知本文为记叙文,根据首句可预测文章可能讲述与“乞力马扎罗山”有关的故事或经历。 素养解读本文主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为环境保护,重在引导学生增强环保意识,积极参与社会实践。重点词汇1.attempt to do sth. 试图做某事2.disturbing adj. 令人不安的3.spiritual adj. 精神的;心灵的4.go through 经历5.base n. 基底,底座(此处指山脚)6.abruptly adv.突然地7.further up 进一步向上8.envelope v. 包住,裹住9.shade n
12、. 浓淡深浅,色度难句分析原文:Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?分析:本句为简单句。a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace中with.为with的复合结构作mountain的后置定语,在这个结构中,tourists和ruin之间为主动的关系,故使用ruining作宾语补足语。译文:乞力马扎
13、罗山人山人海,游客络绎不绝,破坏了宁静的气氛,这是乞力马扎罗山脉应得的“美誉”吗? 高效解题1.D2.C3.C4.B5.A6.C7.D8.C9.A10.B11.D12.A13.B14.D15.A16.C17.B18.D19.A20.B命题方法1.完形填空首句一般不设空。2.设空以语义性设空为主(即考查动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词),以功能性设空为辅(即考查连词、介词等虚词)。考查内容考查考生在语篇层次上的语言综合运用能力,包括基础知识运用能力和阅读能力。【方法集训】I went to a group activity,“Sensitivity Sunday”,which was to mak
14、e us more1the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to “2a disability”for several hours one Sunday.Some members,3,chose to use wheelchairs.Others wore sound-blocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩). Just sitting in the wheelchair was a4experience.I had never considered before how5it wou
15、ld be to use one.As soon as I sat down,my6made the chair begin to roll.Its wheels were not7.Then I wondered where to put my8.It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into9.I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of10for several hours.For disabled people,“adopting a whee
16、lchair”is not a temporary(临时的)11. I tried to find a12position and thought it might be restful,13kind of nice,to be14around for a while.Looking around,I15I would have to handle the thing myself!My hands started to ache as I 16the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the17of the whe
17、elchair was not going to be a(n)18task. My wheelchair experiment was soon19.It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of “disability”gave me only a taste of the20,both physical and mental,that disabled people must overcome. 1.A.curious aboutB.interested in C.aware of D.careful with2.A.cu
18、re B.preventC.adopt D.analyze3.A.instead B.strangelyC.as usualD.like me4.A.learningB.workingC.satisfying D.relaxing5.A.convenientB.awkwardC.boring D.exciting6.A.heightB.force C.skill D.weight7.A.lockedB.repaired C.poweredD.grasped8.A.hands B.feet C.keys D.handles9.A.place B.action C.play D.effect10.
19、A.operationB.communication C.transportation D.production11.A.explorationB.education C.experiment D.entertainment12.A.flexible B.safe C.starting D.comfortable13.A.yet B.just C.still D.even14.A.shownB.pushed C.driven D.guided15.A.realized B.suggestedC.agreed D.admitted16.A.lifted B.turned C.pressedD.s
20、eized17.A.path B.position C.directionD.way18.A.easy B.heavy C.major D.extra19.A.forgottenB.repeated C.conductedD.finished20.A.weaknesses B.challenges C.anxietiesD.illnesses答案1.C2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.A10.C11.C12.D13.D14.B15.A16.B17.C18.A19.D20.B【五年高考】A组统一命题·课标卷题组Cloze 1(2019课标全国)词数:296It's
21、about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers' home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 1 about the small dog he had seen 2 alongside the road. He had 3 to coax (哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had 4. Back home, Ehlers was tr
22、oubled by that 5 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 6. After a long and careful 7, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 8 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 9. It just started licking (舔) Ehl
23、ers' face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 10 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 11 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 12 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 13 their dog. Jeff had 14 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but t
24、he gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 15 for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It's good to know there's still someone out there who 16 enough to go to that kind of 17,”
25、says Lisa of Ehlers' rescue 18. “I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 19 to it as I am to my dogs, ”says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I'd hope that somebody would be 20 to go that extra mile.” 1.A.read B.forgotC.thoughtD.heard2.A.fighting B.trembling C.eating D.sl
26、eeping3.A.tried B.agreedC.promised D.regretted4.A.calmed down B.stood up C.rolled over D.run off5.A.injured B.stolenC.lost D.rescued6.A.home B.past C.back D.on7.A.preparation B.explanation C.test D.search8.A.cautiouslyB.casually C.skillfullyD.angrily9.A.surpriseB.joy C.hesitationD.anxiety10.A.predic
27、tedB.advertised C.believedD.recorded11.A.house B.phoneC.street D.car12.A.called B.copied C.counted D.remembered13.A.fed B.adoptedC.found D.cured14.A.hunted B.skiedC.lived D.worked15.A.on purpose B.on time C.in turn D.in vain16.A.cares B.sees C.suffers D.learns17.A.place B.troubleC.waste D.extreme18.
28、A.serviceB.plan C.effort D.team19.A.equal B.allergic C.gratefulD.close20.A.suitable B.proudC.wise D.willing答案1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.C7.D8.A9.B10.B11.B12.A13.C14.A15.D16.A17.B18.C19.D20.DCloze 2(2019课标全国)词数:278The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct
29、sunlight from late September to mid-March1 six months out of the year. “Of course, we 2 it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. “We see the sky is 3, but down in the valley it's darkerit's like on a 4 day.” But that 5 when a system o
30、f high-tech 6 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan 7 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 8. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 9 them to
31、turn along with the sun throughout the 10 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town's central 11, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 12, Rjukan residents gathered together. “People have been 13 there and
32、 standing there and taking 14 of each other,” Ro says.“The town square was totally 15. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all 16 the sunshine at the same time. 17, the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 18 residents. “It's
33、 not very 19,” she says,“but it is enough when we are 20.” 1.A.only B.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely2.A.fear B.believeC.hearD.notice3.A.emptyB.blue C.highD.wide4.A.cloudy B.normal C.different D.warm5.A.helped B.changedC.happenedD.mattered6.A.computersB.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras7.A.remembered
34、 B.forecasted C.receivedD.imagined8.A.repair B.risk C.restD.use9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows10.A.day B.night C.month D.year11.A.library B.hall C.squareD.street12.A.appearedB.returned C.faded D.stopped13.A.driving B.hiding C.camping D.sitting14.A.picturesB.notes C.careD.hold15.A.new B.full
35、C.flatD.silent16.A.block B.avoid C.enjoy D.store17.A.Instead B.HoweverC.Gradually D.Similarly18.A.nature-loving B.energy-saving C.weather-beatenD.sun-starved19.A.big B.clear C.coldD.easy20.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing答案1.C2.D3.B4.A5.B6.C7.C8.D9.B10.A11.C12.A13.D14.A15.B16.C17.B18.D19.A20.DCl
36、oze 3(2018课标全国)词数:258During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a“free”course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I1the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to2a few dollars?More than that, I'd always wante
37、d to learn chess. And, even if I weren't3enough about free credits, news about our4was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which5I would be learning from one of the game's6. I could hardly wait to7him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate return
38、ing to teach, and this8was no game for him;he meant business. In his introduction, he made it9that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to10the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to11what we would learn in class to our future professions and,12, to our lives. I
39、 managed to get an A in that13and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the14. Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he15me:“The absolute most important16that you learn when you play chess is how to make good17. On every single move you hav
40、e to18a situation, process what your opponent(对手)is doing and19the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my20as a journalist. 1.A.put forwardB.jumped atC.tried outD.turned down2.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay3.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired4.A.titleB.competitor
41、C.textbookD.instructor5.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant6.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest7.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat8.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job9.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible10.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe11.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare12.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.nor
42、mally13.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment14.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation15.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised16.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill17.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments18.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control19.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate20.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior答案1.B2.C3.A4.D5.D6.C7.B8.D9.C10.B11.C12.A13.C14.B15.A16.D17.B1