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1、2020届高三二轮复习英语精品资料【测案】专题3 主旨大意班级 姓名 学号 分数_1.B【安徽省“皖豫联盟体”2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次大联考】Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. Thats exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt,
2、 34, did in October in Philadelphia.Bobbitt served in the U.S. Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, N. C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in
3、 Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get
4、back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. Hed used his last $20 to buy her gas.After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark DAmico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletr
5、ies. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldnt have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months expenses. Bobbit
6、ts story ran in a local paper. By November 15，more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousan
7、d dollars raised to repay him for a good deed.4. What does the underlined word “discreet” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Doubtful.B. Cautious.C. Guilty.D. Optimistic.5. McClure met Bobbitt when she .A. couldnt find a gas stationB. got to the way homeC. couldnt unlock her carD. was in search of
8、 gas6. It can be known from the text that .A. Bobbitts story obtained wide attentionB. Bobbitt became world-famous overnightC. the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for BobbittD. the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt7. What is the best title for the text?A. A Homeless Veteran
9、 Paid Kindness ForwardB. A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous HeartC. A Homeless Veterans Kindness Paid OffD. A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。他们原本期望帮助他募集一万美元，意想不到的是，五天内募集到的捐款就超过了三十万美元。4
10、.词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为“没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步（即无家可归）的，因为他对此_”。由此可以猜测，他对自己成为无家可归者这件事非常小心谨慎，不想让别人知道。故选B项。5.细节理解题。根据第三段中Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt.可知，McClure是在去加油站寻找油时遇见Bobb
11、itt。故选D。6.推理判断题。根据文章第五段Bobbitts story ran in a local paper.可知，McClure是在十一月十号建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助Bobbitt募集一万美元，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至十一月十五号，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的捐款超过了三十万美元。可知，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。故选A。7.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报
12、。故选C项。2. C【湖北省鄂州市颚南高中2019-2020学年高三10月联考】When we meet someone for the first time, we usually get a vague sense of what kind of person they are by the way they shake hands, talk, or walk. In the age of social networking, however, first impressions are sometimes made even before we actually meet someon
13、e in person-that is, by looking at their profile photo.According to a recent study, these social images say a lot about our personality. In the study, presented in a paper at the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, a group of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania in the
14、US used software to analyze the profile pictures of 66,000 users of US social platform Twitter and 3,200 of their tweets. At the same time, about 434 participants were asked to complete a survey about their personality type. The researchers wanted to find out if there was a connection between person
15、ality traitslike openness, extroversion, and neuroticism(神经质)and a persons profile picture.According to the results, open people are more likely to pose in an unusual way and use objects such as glasses or a guitar in their profile photo because they enjoy new and exciting experiences. Meanwhile, ne
16、urotic people often hold back their negative emotions. They try to avoid showing their face；Instead, they use an image of something like a pet, a car or a building.Apart from the objects in profile pictures, the colors used in them also give us some hints about the photos owner. For example, extrave
17、rts were found to have the most colorful profile images, as they want to emphasize their personality and show themselves off, the researchers wrote.Although social media photos “usually represent an extension of ones self, they also allow a user to shape his or her own personality and idealized view
18、,” according to the researchers. So, when choosing a profile photo, maybe we should ask ourselves first what kind of image wed like to convey. After all, first impressions always last.28. What helps form the first impressions with the development of network?A. Shaking handsB. GreetingsC. Profile pic
19、turesD. Gestures29. Whats the purpose of the study?A. To analyze the users preference.B. To conduct a survey about personality type.C. To explore the formation of first impression.D. To seek out the link between characters and profile photos.30. According to the study, an outgoing person may.A. choo
20、se a puppy dog as an imageB. share a distinct pose in his photoC. fill his profile photo with light colorsD. care little about his image31. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Mindful of Your PersonalityB. Make Use of Your Social ImageC. First Impressions Make a DifferenceD. Profile Photos Rev
21、eal Your Personality【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了在社交网络时代，第一印象有时甚至在我们真正见到某人之前就已经形成了也就是说，通过看他们的头像。头像揭露了人们的性格。28.细节理解题。根据第一段In the age of social networking, however, first impressions are sometimes made even before we actually meet someone in person-that is, by looking at their profile
22、photo.（然而，在社交网络时代，第一印象有时甚至在我们真正见到某人之前就已经形成了也就是说，通过看他们的头像。）由此可知，随着网络的发展，头像有助于形成第一印象，故选C。29.细节理解题。根据第二段 The researchers wanted to find out if there was a connection between personality traitslike openness, extroversion, and neuroticism(神经质)and a persons profile picture.可知研究的目的是寻找人物性格和头像之间的联系。故选D。30.细节
23、理解题。根据第三段According to the results, open people are more likely to pose in an unusual way and use objects such as glasses or a guitar in their profile photo because they enjoy new and exciting experiences.（结果显示，性格开朗的人更有可能以一种不同寻常的方式摆姿势，在头像照片中使用眼镜或吉他等物品，因为他们喜欢新奇刺激的体验。）由此可知，根据这项研究，一个外向的人可能在他的照片中，会分享一个独特
24、的姿势，故选B。31.主旨大意题。第一段In the age of social networking, however, first impressions are sometimes made even before we actually meet someone in person-that is, by looking at their profile photo.（然而，在社交网络时代，第一印象有时甚至在我们真正见到某人之前就已经形成了也就是说，通过看他们的个人资料照片。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了头像揭露了你的性格，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“头像揭露了你的
25、性格”，故选D。3. C【河南省九师联盟2019-2020学年高三10月质量检测】It seems we're always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side of slee
26、ping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers researched the sleep patterns of those“fortunate”few and found they may not be so lucky after
27、all. In fact, they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. What's more, sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour cro
28、wd.The wide-ranging global study involved(涉及) more than three million people who self-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation（适度）.You may be thi
29、nking: What if I only sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at r
30、isk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sle
31、eping much on weekends. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived（睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.8. Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied?A. Few people have time to sleep too much.B. Lack of sleep causes much
32、more harm.C. It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern.D. People's health has nothing to do with it.9. What does the underlined words "those 'fortunate' few" in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Those leading a relaxing life.B. Those getting too much sleep.C. Those with less time to sle
33、ep.D. Those with no sleep problems.10. What can be learned from the 2019 study?A. Sleeping much is particularly beneficial to hungry people.B. Many people sleep more on weekends than on weekdays.C. An alarm clock of high quality is important for good sleep.D. People who sleep much only on weekends a
34、lso have health risk.11. What is the main idea of the text?A It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.B. Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.C. Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.D People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。我
35、们似乎总是被告知要多睡觉，但是睡眠过多对身体也是有害的。8.细节理解题。根据第一段的第4句和第5句：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.可知，在如今忙碌的社会很少有人会有时间睡太多，所以睡眠过多对人体的危害很少被研究。故选A项。9.词义猜测题。在句中的that/those一般指代前文提及内容，根据本句所在位置，
36、可定位至第一段“That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.（这是因为在当今这个繁忙的世界上，很少有人有机会探索这种选择。”及第二段提及的“they may not be so lucky after all. In fact，they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk（他们可能根本就没有那么幸运。事实上，他们发现睡眠超过8小时的人有
37、更大的健康风险）”可推断，划线部分指代“睡眠时间太长的人”。故选B项。10.细节理解题。根据第四段Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blo
38、od.（研究人员发现，即使一个人在周末的睡眠时间超过7个小时，但仍然比工作日晚上的睡眠时间少，他们也有体重增加和对控制血糖水平的胰岛素敏感的风险。）可知，只有周末睡得多的人也会面临健康风险。故选D项。11.主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构，第一段总起提出话题：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much.可知文章主要介绍了睡眠过多会对身体造成一定程度的伤害。故选C项。4. B【重庆市巴蜀中学2019-2020学年高三“一诊”模拟测试】Darrell Blatchley, a marine biologist
39、and environmentalist based in the Philippine city of Davao, received a call from the Philippines, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (渔业与水产资源局) early Friday morning reporting a death of a young whale.When the necropsy (尸检) was performed, Blatchley told NPR, he was not prepared for the amount
40、of plastic they found in the whales stomach. “It was full of plastic nothing but nonstop plastic.” he said “It was filled to the point that its stomach was as hard as a baseball.” That means that this animal has been suffering not for days or weeks but for months or even a year or more,” Blatchley a
41、dded.Blatchley is the founder and owner of the DBone Collector Museum, a natural history museum in Davao. In the coming days, the museum will display all the items found in the whales system. Blatchley and his team work with the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and other organizations to as
42、sist in rescue and recovery of marine animals.“Within the last 10 years, we have recovered 61 whales and dolphins just within the Davao Gulf,” he said. “Of them, 57 have died due to man whether they took plastic or fishing nets or other waste, or gotten caught in pollution and four were pregnant.”Bl
43、atchley said he hoped that the latest incident would launch the issue of plastic pollution in the Philippines and across the globe. “If we keep going this way, it will be more uncommon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plastic,” he said.4. What can he inferred
44、 from the second paragraph?A. The whale was starved to death.B. Blatchley was shocked at what he found.C. The dead whale must have swallowed a baseball.D. Blatchley didnt make preparations for the necropsy.5. What will be shown in the DBone Collector Museum?A. Waste collected from the ocean.B. The w
45、hole system of the whale.C. Things found in the whales body.D. Many different tools of whaling.6. What does Blatchley think of plastic pollution in the Philippines?A. Uncommon.B. Worrying.C. Inspiring.D. Mild.7. What is the best title for the text?A. A Whale Found Dead of PlasticB. Stand Up for Prot
46、ecting WhalesC. Plastic Threatening Our ExistenceD. Natural Death or Merciless Murder【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对海洋塑料污染的担忧。4.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“he was not prepared for the amount of plastic they found in the whales stomach”可知，布拉奇利在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的塑料，他对此毫无准备，这是他意想不到的，由此可知，布拉
47、奇利对他的发现感到震惊，故B项正确。5.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the coming days, the museum will display all the items found in the whales system.”可知，在鲸鱼体内发现的东西将在这座自然博物馆中展出，故C项正确。6.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If we keep going this way, it will be more uncommon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plast
48、ic,”可知，布拉奇利说如果我们继续这样下去，动物因吃塑料死亡的情况比自然死亡更为常见，由此可知，他对菲律宾的塑料污染很担忧，故B项正确。7.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧，故A项（一只被发现死于塑料的鲸鱼）最适合作文章标题。故选A。文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度较大，被选选项要有高度的概括性，全面地概括出文章内容，例如本篇第4题，通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧，因此标题一定要体现出鲸鱼的死因吞食塑料，故A项（一只被发现死于塑料的鲸鱼）最适合作文章标题。5. B【2019年浙江省十校联盟高三10月联考】When people are rude to their co-workers or treat them badly, they probably dont realize the unintended victims in the encounter could be the co-workers, children. Women who experience incivility in the workplace are more likely to engage i