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1、（新高考）此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2021届高考考前冲刺卷英 语 （七）注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷（选择题）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；
2、每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThe New Year comes with Northeast Chinas coldest days, but its also the peak season for winter tourism. HarbinA major draw for Harbin, known as “Ice City”, is its more than 400 activities started from early November to early April. They cover touri
3、sm, culture, art, fashion, sports and trade. The 22nd Harbin Ice, and Snow World, a 600,000-squaré-mcter: wonderland of sculptures, opened on Dec 24 and will run until the end of February. Another important event in the city the 33rd China Harbin Sun Island International Snow Sculpture Art Expo
4、 kicked off on Dec 20. At the expo, tourists can view 50 groups of snow sculptures, which use more than 90,000 cubic meters of snow, including the 116-meler-long main snow sculpture The, Chinese Dragon.Mohe Mohe, Chinas northernmost city, is also presenting its unique winter charms to tourists. As t
5、he coldest place in China, winter tourism season begins in mid-October and lasts until late January. Beiji Village, 88 kilometers from the city center, attracts almost all the visitors who land at Mohe. In the village, a recently built hotel made of ice and snow has become a popular attraction. Almo
6、st everything inside is made of frozen water in some forms, including the beds, tables, sofas and decorations.JilinDuring this winter tourism season, which started in mid-November until April, nearly 300 snow and ice themed activities will be held across Jilin. The fifth Jilin International Ice and
7、Snow Industry Expo promoted a combination of Winter Olympics themes,winter culture,ice and snow tourism and winter sports. On the frozen Chagan Lake, an impressive winter fishing lasts ritual(仪式) that dates from the Jin Dynasty also takes place. The activity of winter fishing lasts two months. The t
8、raditional skills of Chagan Lake winter fishing were listed as an intangible cultural heritage in 2008.1. What can you do in the 33rd China Harbin Sun Island International Snow, Sculpture Art Expo?A. Watch a fashion show.B. Build an ice hotel.C. Go fishing.D. View a snow dragon sculpture.2. Where ca
9、n you try out an ice bed? A. Harbin.B. The city center of Mohe.C. Beiji Village.D. Jilin.3. Which of the following lasts longest?A. The 22nd Harbin Ice and Snow World.B. Winter tourism season in Mohe.C. Winter tourism season in Jilin.D. Fishing on the Chagan Lake.【答案】1-3 DCC【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在冬季东北的三
10、个旅游景点。1.细节理解题。根据小标题Harbin下的“At the expo, tourists can view 50 groups of snow sculptures, which use more than 90,000 cubic meters of snow, including the 116-meler-long main snow sculpture The, Chinese Dragon.”（在世博会上，游客可以观看50组雪雕，这些雪雕使用超过9万立方米的积雪，包括116毫米长的主雪雕中国龙。）可知，我们可以在第33届中国哈尔滨太阳岛国际雪雕艺术博览会上可以观赏雪龙雕塑。
11、故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据Mohe下的内容可知，漠河作为中国最冷的地方，冬季旅游季节在10月中旬开始，一直持续到1月下旬。距离市中心88公里的北极村，吸引了几乎所有到漠河的访客，最近由冰和雪建造的酒店已经成为一个受欢迎的景点。里面几乎所有的东西都是由冰冻的水做成的，包括床、桌子、沙发和装饰品。可知，在北极村可以尝试冰床。故选C项。3.细节理解题。根据Harbin下的“The 22nd Harbin Ice, and Snow World, a 600,000-squaré-mcter: wonderland of sculptures, opened on Dec 24 and
12、will run until the end of February.”（12月24日，一个60万平方英尺的雕塑仙境第22届哈尔滨冰雪世界开幕，将持续到2月底。）和Mohe下的“As the coldest place in China, winter tourism season begins in mid-October and lasts until late January.”（漠河作为中国最冷的地方，冬季旅游季节在10月中旬开始，一直持续到1月下旬北极村。）以及Jilin下的“which started in mid-November until April”（从11月中旬开始，一直
13、持续到今年4月）可知，吉林省冬季旅游旺季持续时间最长。故选C项。BBorn Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler Nov. 9, 1914, the Austria native took an early interest in the performing arts, but seemed equally fascinated with science and engineering. In 1937, she signed a contract with Hollywoods Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio under the name Hedy Lam
14、arr. Her first film was a great success and soon Lamarr was a household name.During her Hollywood years, Lamarr was known for her knowledge on aviation(航空) design and theory. But it wasnt until 1942 that Lamarrs innovative thinking inspired a creative invention. In cooperation with composer George A
15、ntheil, Lamarr designed a frequency-hopping(跳频) system that minimized the jamming of radio signals.During World War II, Hedys mother was trapped in Vienna. It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So she worked on invent
16、ing a remote controlled torpedo(鱼雷) so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the Atlantic, thus securing safe passage to the US. To make sure the Nazis couldnt detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a “secret communication system” that couldnt
17、be detected.The “secret communication system” employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies from interpreting messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signal, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner. To anyone listening, it would just sound like n
18、oise. But the signal would be clear if both the sender and receiver hopped frequencies at the same time.Although the technology was never used in wartime, it ended up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the decades. Many believe that Lamarrs invention made technology like Wi-
19、Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.4. What does the underlined words “the jamming of radio signals” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Detecting the radio signals.B. Sending the radio signals.C. Receiving the radio signals.D. Boosting the radio signals.5. What led Lamarr to
20、invent a new communication system?A. Her passion for science.B. Her interest in performing.C. Her contract with a studio.D. Her desire to help her mother out.6. What does paragraph 4 focus on?A. Showing the application of the system.B. Interpreting how the system functioned.C. Stressing the signific
21、ance of the system.D. Explaining how the system was invented.7. What can we infer about Hedy Lamarr from the text?A. She was very ambitious.B. She was a productive actress.C. She was completely devoted to science.D. She contributed to communication technology.【答案】4-7 ADBD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海蒂·拉玛
22、发明“秘密通信系统”的原因和系统的运作机理，也讲述了她对通信技术做出了贡献。4.词句猜测题。根据第三段“To make sure the Nazis couldnt detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a “secret communication system” that couldnt be detected.”（为了确保纳粹不能监测到鱼雷的无线电信号，她创造了一个无法被探测到的“秘密通信系统”。）可推断，the jamming of radio signals指的是监测无线电信号。故选A。5.细节理解题。根据第三段可知
23、，海蒂很难帮助她的母亲去美国，因为每艘美国船都被纳粹炸毁了。因此，她致力于发明一种遥控鱼雷，这种鱼雷非常先进，可以追踪并炸毁大西洋上的每一艘纳粹潜艇，从而确保通往美国的安全通道。因此是Lamarr想帮助母亲摆脱困境的愿望促使她发明了一种新的通信系统。故选D。6.主旨大意题。根据第四段可知，“秘密通信系统”利用改变无线电频率来阻止敌人解读信息。多个无线电频率被用来广播一个无线电信号，它能以一种明显随机的方式改变频率。因此第四段的重点是解释系统是如何运作的。故选B。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段，尽管这项技术从未在战时使用过，但它最终在数十年的通信手段中发挥了关键作用。许多人认为，拉玛的发明使Wi-
24、Fi、GPS和蓝牙等技术以及手机等设备成为可能。因此可知海蒂·拉玛对通信技术做出了贡献。故选D。COne of the tallest wooden buildings in Europe, a 98m timber mixture skyscraper, is to rise in Berlin. The 29-storey WoHo Tower, to be designed by a firm of Norwegian architects, is intended to be a “light-house project” for low-carbon constructio
25、n, towering over Potsdamer Platz and the Landwehr Canal. Its core, including lifts and a staircase, is to be built around a steel-reinforced concrete structure but the rest of the building, including flats, offices, cafes and a kindergarten, will be fashioned down wooden beams and panels. “As Norweg
26、ians, we are used to working a lot with timber,” Nicolai Riise, CEO of the Mad Architects Practice said.“The thing about timber is that it demonstrates sustainability from top to bottom. The carbon footprint is close to zero and its a fantastic material to build with. If you look at this in a broade
27、r way, its one of the ways we are going to be able to beat the climate crisis.”Wooden skyscrapers, once regarded as an unprofitable pipe dream, have become a realistic prospect with the coming of cross-laminated building techniques and more flexible planning laws. Because these structures parts are
28、fit with care, they can be far lighter than their concrete equivalents and are thought to be relatively resistant to fire. A cubic meter of wood can also take an estimated ton of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.Larger wooden structures are planned elsewhere. London is examining blueprints for t
29、he 300-meter Oakwood Tower. A project in Tokyo could rise to 350m.8. What can we know about WoHo Tower?A. It will be among the tallest in Europe.B. It will be mostly made of wood.C. It is designed by a Norwegian architect.D. Its core is to be built with timber.9. Why do Norwegians prefer timber to c
30、onstruct buildings?A. Timber is too flexible.B. Timber is easy to process.C. Timber is eco-friendly.D. Timber is multi-functional.10. What makes it possible to build wooden skyscrapers?A. The concrete equivalents.B. Creative planning.C. Fire-resistant materials.D. New building techniques.11. In whic
31、h section of a newspaper can you find this text?A. World.B. Comment.C. Literature.D. Business.【答案】8-11 BCDA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了欧洲最高的木质建筑之一WoHo Tower，木材作为建筑材料非常环保，其他各地也在修建更大的木质建筑。8.细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the tallest wooden buildings in Europe, a 98m timber(木材) mixture skyscraper, is to rise in Berlin.”（欧洲最高
32、的木制建筑之一，98米高的木材混合摩天大楼即将在柏林矗立起来。）可知，WoHo Tower是一座高大的木材混合建筑。故选B。9.推理判断题。根据第五段可知，木材的问题在于，它从上到下展示了可持续性。木材的优点是它的碳足迹接近于零，是极好的建筑材料。如果你从更广泛的角度来看，这是我们能够战胜气候危机的方法之一。因此挪威人喜欢用木材建造建筑是因为木材环保。故选C。10.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Wooden skyscrapers, once regarded as an unprofitable pipe dream, have become a realistic prospect wit
33、h the coming of cross-laminated building techniques and more flexible planning laws.”（木制摩天大楼一度被认为是无利可图的白日梦，但随着交叉叠层建筑技术和更灵活的规划法规的出现，它已成为一个现实的前景。）可知，新的建筑技术使木质摩天大楼成为现实。故选D。11.推理判断题。根据第一段并结合全文可知文章介绍了欧洲最高的木质建筑之一WoHo Tower。木材作为建筑材料非常环保，其他各地也在修建更大的木质建筑。因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的“世界”版面。故选A。DAt the start of every workin
34、g week, millions of people around the world get ready for something they do endlessly, joylessly and badly: a meeting.It was awful before the pandemic(疫情), when research showed there were an average of 55 million meetings daily in the US alone. I fear to think what the figures look like now that Cov
35、id-19 and remote working have started the age of the continuous meeting.It wouldnt be a problem if all meetings did what they were supposed to do and helped busy people make good decisions about important matters. But the evidence suggests otherwise. Studies over the past 15 years have shown about 7
36、0 percent of workers have rated their meetings poor or unproductive, writes US professor, Steven Rogelberg, in his 2019 book The Surprising Science of Meetings.“The root of the rotten meeting is simple,” says Madeleine de Hauke, a meeting coach and teacher. “We spend our lives in meetings, but there
37、s very little investment(投入) into helping people run them effectively,” she told me last week.A meeting coach might say that, but I think Ms de Hauke is correct. Running a meeting well takes skills. At a minimum, people need to know in advance why they are meeting; what they are supposed to achieve;
38、 who really needs to be there and how they should contribute. Yet meeting leaders are expected to learn all these on the job.I thought the pandemic had made things worse. But Ms de Hauke makes a convincing argument that Zoom calls merely strengthen what was going on before. If a meeting was producti
39、ve and cheerful before, it is probably better now. If it was wasteful and annoying, it is likely to be worse.Still, a bad meeting is like a virus. By failing to produce good decisions it often requires another meeting to be held, then another and another. Luckily, there is no need for a vaccine(疫苗),
40、 just a bit more care and preparation, and an understanding that there is no shame in being taught how to lead a meeting well.12. What does the passage focus on?A. Why people hate meetings.B. How Covid-19 affects meetings.C. Recommending experienced meeting coaches.D. Suggesting developing the skill
41、s of meeting running.13. According to the author, whats the problem of bad meetings?A. Meetings are poor and short.B. Meetings are dull and fruitless.C. Meetings make people less interested in work.D. Meetings cause people to make wrong decisions.14. How can a meeting leader run a good meeting?A. In
42、vite people to attend the meeting in advance.B. Invest much money to run meetings successfully.C. Set clear goals and make preparations for the meeting.D. Make everybody present at the meeting learn some skills.15. How does the author develop the last paragraph?A. By comparison.B. By classification.
43、C. By analyzing causes.D. By listing examples.【答案】12-15 DBCA【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当代人们大多数时间都在为无聊且糟糕的会议做准备，指出主持会议是需要技巧的，并给出了一些建议。12.主旨大意题。文章倒数第三段提到，主持会议需要技巧。至少，人们需要提前知道他们开会的原因，他们应该达到什么目的，谁需要在场，他们应该如何做。然而，会议主持人应该在工作中了解所有这些内容。再结合全文可知，文章主要聚焦于主持会议的技巧。故选D项。13.细节理解题。根据文章第一段和倒数第二段的“If it was wasteful and annoyi
44、ng, it is likely to be worse.”（如果它曾经是浪费时间和无趣的，那么现在有可能更糟糕。）和最后一段的“Still, a bad meeting is like a virus. By failing to produce good decisions it often requires another meeting to be held, then another and another.”（不过，糟糕的会议就像病毒一样。由于没有让人满意的结论，常常需要召开一次又一次的会议。）可知，糟糕的会议是无趣而又没有任何收获的。故选B项。14.细节理解题。文章倒数第三段提到
45、，主持会议需要技巧。至少，人们需要提前知道他们开会的原因，他们应该达到什么目的，谁需要在场，他们应该如何做。然而，会议主持人应该在工作中了解所有这些内容。可知会议主持人想开好会议，需要有清晰的目标以及为会议做好准备。故选C项。15.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，糟糕的会议就像病毒一样。由于没有让人满意的结论，常常需要召开一次又一次的会议。幸运的是，提高会议质量并不需要一个疫苗，仅仅需要对会议多一点心思和准备，并且明白学习如何开展会议并不可耻。由此推知，作者是采用作比较的方式来阐述本段内容。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处
46、的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rules for Being the Age You AreIf you have recently entered that period of life known as middle age, the building years of your life are over, and what you are now is pretty much what you are going to be. Soon it will be what you were. You can no longer tell yourself that you might
47、 move to Lisbon to learn Portuguese, and take up the guitar. 16 Do not just give people credits. 17 Heres a funny thing Ive learned: No matter how many times you hear them, the words “You are amazing” never go out of style.Give yourself permission to be bad. You know what youre really good at? Thing
48、s youve done many times before. Mastery is boredom. Unfortunately we enjoy feeling like masters. 18 We keep ourselves bored to protect ourselves from feeling stupid. 19 Nine times out of ten, youll be bored and go home early. But the tenth time, you will have a worthy experience to meet an interesting person. It will make up for those other wasted hours.Do that ting you want to do right now. I mean literally pa