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1、（新高考）此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2021届高考考前冲刺卷英 语 （五）注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷（选择题）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；
2、每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThere are some things only adults can do to prevent and stop fires, such as using smoke detectors and fire extinguishers, but there are also many fire safety rules everyone should learn to help prevent fires and to know what to do if one does start
3、. Here are some safety rules for kids.If a child notices that an electrical appliance is giving off a strange smell, they should ask an adult to turn it off, and it should be fixed before its used again.Children should have an adult with them if they cook food. They should never leave food by itself
4、 and make sure handles of pots and pans on the stove are turned inward. They should also be aware that anything made of metal should never be put in a microwave.The family should work together to plan an escape route in case theres a fire, including finding at least two ways out of every room. Kids
5、should practice this with their parents two to three times a year and learn to test doors with their hands before opening them.If your clothing catches fire, running will make the flames bigger. Kids should practice the proper technique of stopping where they are, dropping to the ground and rolling
6、to put out the flames.Burns should be treated by an adult the injured area should be put in cold water for 10-15 minutes to relieve the pain. Ice should never be used, as it can cause further injury. If a child has a serious burn that blisters, they should be taken to a doctor or the emergency room.
7、1. How often should parents practice a fire escape route with their children?A. Once every two weeks.B. Once every month.C. Three times every six months.D. Two or three times every year.2. What should people do if their clothes are on fire, according to the text?A. Roll on the ground.B. Run as fast
8、as they can.C. Try to take off their clothes.D. Use a fire extinguisher immediately.3. What is the first thing to do with a mild burn?A. Put it in cool water.B. Put an ice pack on it.C. Use anti-burn cream.D. Call a doctor for help.【答案】1-3 DAA【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些针对孩子的应对火灾的安全规则。1.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Kids
9、should practice this with their parents two to three times a year and learn to test doors with their hands before opening them.”（孩子们应该每年和父母练习两到三次火灾逃生，学会在开门之前用手测试门。）可知，父母每年会和孩子练习两到三次火灾逃生路线。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Kids should practice the proper technique of stopping where they are, dropping to the ground
10、 and rolling to put out the flames.”（孩子们应该练习正确的技巧：停在原地，倒在地上，翻滚着扑灭火焰。）可知，如果孩子们的衣服着火，应该在地上翻滚着扑灭火焰。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Burns should be treated by an adult the injured area should be put in cold water for 10-15 minutes to relieve the pain.”（烧伤应由成年人治疗，受伤部位应放在冷水中10-15分钟，以缓解疼痛。）可知，处理轻度烧伤，我们可以把烧伤部位置于凉水中。故选A。
11、BTwice every month, Miranda Sam, a 66-year-old Ghanaian, visited the China Traditional Herbal Hospital, a private herbal facility at Pokuase, a suburb of the Ghanaian capital, for treatment.“I was squeezing lemons, and when I finished, I could not get up or even move my legs, so I went to the hospit
12、al and did an X-ray examination, but they saw nothing. Meanwhile, I could not walk and was in a wheelchair,” the retired worker said. Hence Miranda decided to visit the herbal facility. “On two occasions, I had to do acupuncture(针灸), and I have found great relief. Now I walk unaided, so I keep comin
13、g for treatment,” she said.As Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) is gaining popularity in Ghana, many acupuncture clinics run by Chinese doctors pop up in the country. However, the China Traditional Herbal Hospital was established by 52-year-old Ghanaian business owner Bediako, after his fruitful enc
14、ounter with the effects of TCM in 2012. With the help of a Chinese lady, Bediako set up a small clinic specializing in TCM. Years on, the facility has subsequently grown into a bigger herbal hospital. The hospital treats patients with a combination of local and Chinese herbal formulas. It supports t
15、his with the application of traditional Chinese medical methods.Strokes(中风) account for 1.3 percent of all hospital admissions in Ghana, and 6.3 percent of all hospital deaths. But Bediako is confident that as more people with these conditions turn to the natural methods of healing, the pain and dea
16、th rates would subside. “A gentleman was brought here three weeks ago, who could not sit, stand, or walk. He was first taken through acupuncture. I observed him on camera 30 minutes later, squatting(蹲), standing, and walking. You come here with your pain but will leave with a smile. That is our feat
17、ure,” he said.The hospital has started a second facility in Ashaiman near the capital, with plans to open other branches across the country to meet the growing demand.4. What can we learn from Mirandas words in Paragraph 2?A. Her illness is not a bit severe.B. Squeezing lemons is a risky job.C. She
18、is feeling better now.D. She is unsure about what to do next.5. What do we know about Bediakos hospital?A. It is located in the downtown area.B. It was originally a specialized clinic.C. It was established by a Chinese doctor.D. It uses nothing but Chinese herbs.6. What does the underlined word “sub
19、side” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Decline.B. Remain.C. Climb.D. Change.7. Whats the writers probable attitude towards the TCM in Ghana?A. Negative.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Concerned.【答案】4-7 CBAB【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加纳的一家中草药医院采用中医疗法及药物来治疗病人。4.细节理解题。从第二段最后两句中的“I have found great relief. Now I walk unai
20、ded”（我的病情得到了极大的缓解。现在我可以独自行走）可知，Miranda的病情已经有所缓解，故选C。5.细节理解题。从第三段“With the help of a Chinese lady, Bediako set up a small clinic specializing in TCM.”（在一位中国女士的帮助下，贝迪亚科开了一家专门从事中医的小诊所。）可知，Bediako的医院最初是一家专科诊所。故选B。6.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“But Bediako is confident that as more people with these conditions turn to
21、the natural methods of healing”（但Bediako相信，随着越来越多的患者求助于自然的治疗方法）可知，这里指采用这种自然疗法，更多中风病人的疼痛和死亡率都会下降。故选A。7.观点态度题。根据最后一段，该医院已经在首都附近的阿沙曼开设了第二家医院，并计划在全国各地开设其他分支机构，以满足日益增长的需求。可知作者对TCM的态度是乐观积极的，故选B。COn a break from his studies in the MIT Media Lab,Anirudh Sharma traveled home to Mumbai, India. While there, he
22、 noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt. “I realized this was air pollution, or sooty(像煤一样) particulate matter(PM), made of black particles released from exhaust(尾气) of vehicles,” Sharma says. “This is a major health issue.” Soot consist
23、s of tiny black particles, about 2.5 micrometers or smaller, made carbon produced by incomplete burning of fossil fuels.Back at MIT,Sharma set out to help solve this air-pollution issue. After years of research and development, Sharmas startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to e
24、xhaust systems of diesel generators(柴油发电机) to collect particulate matter. Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink, called Air-Ink, for artists around the world. So far, the startup has collected 1.6 billion micrograms of particulate matter. More than 200 gallons of Air-Ink have been harvested fo
25、r a growing community of more than 1,000 artists, from Bangalore to Boston, Shanghai,and London.Posted all over Graviky Labs Facebook page today are photos of art made from the Air-Ink and pant, including street wall paintings, body art and clothing prints. At first, there was still no specific appl
26、ication for the ink. Then the startup decided to find new ways to further spread its mission. “It chose to do so through art. Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from. Air pollution knows no borders. Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our w
27、orld thats the hardest to collect and use. But it can be done,” Sharma says.8. What struck Sharma most during his break in India?A. Dirt on his T-shirts.B. Health issue of the locals.C. Coal industry in Mumbai.D. Incomplete burning of fossil fuels.9. According to the text, Air-Ink is _.A. a cleaner
28、of outdoor airB. a product made from PMC. a newly-founded companyD. a printing technology10. What can we infer about Air-Ink from the text?A. It improves artistic effect.B. It makes pollution acceptable.C. It helps Sharma make a profit.D. It raises environmental awareness.11. What might be the best
29、title for the text?A. Arts know no bordersB. Waste has no priceC. Less pollution, more artD. Creative thinking, effective painting【答案】8-11 ABDC【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了Sharma开发了新的技术，将空气中的颗粒物收集起来，制成空气墨水，供艺术家们创作。他的目的是为了提高人们的环境意识。8.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually ga
30、thering something that looked like dirt.”可知，在印度，Sharma注意到他的T恤上都有一些看起来像灰尘样的东西越来越多。故选A。9.细节理解题。文章第二段中提到，Sharma创建的Graviky实验室开发了一种技术，可以连接到柴油发电机的排气系统上，收集颗粒物。然后，Graviky实验室的科学家将它转化为墨水，称为“空气墨水”，其中it指代上一句中的收集的particulate matter即PM。由此可知，Air-Ink是由PM制成的产品。故选B。10.推理判断题。文章第二段中提到Air-Ink是由PM（空气中的颗粒物）制成的，用Air-Ink创作的
31、艺术画可以帮助我们认识到墨水和颜料是从哪里来的。由此可以推断，用Air-Ink绘制艺术画可以帮助人们提高环境意识。故选D。11.标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段“Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that's the hardest to collect and use. But it can be done”可知，Sharma的研究表明，虽然污染很难再次利用，但是还是可以做到的。Sharma利用技术，将空气中的污染颗粒物（PM）收集起来，制成Air-Ink，给艺术家们创作
32、艺术作品，以提高人们的环境意识。他将污染加以回收利用，转化成艺术形式。因此文章标题应为：Less pollution, more art。故选C。DVideo calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line? Scientists are making this a reality.Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have inv
33、ented a soft skin stretch device(SSD), a haptic device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology can mimic the experience of touch by stimulating localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration or motion.Vibration is the
34、most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a trackpad in laptops. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sens
35、e of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely.The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.It works like this: imagine you call a friend in Austral
36、ia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friends fingers. And the glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glo
37、ve so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.The haptic devices could be used in various fields, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the
38、COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patients organ tissues without touching them.12. What does the underlined word “mimic” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Recall.B. Strengthen.C. Copy.D. Rep
39、eat.13. What does the author focus on in the third paragraph?A. Limitations of the haptic technology.B. Application of haptic devices.C. Common use of continuous vibration.D. Haptic feedback with vibration.14. In which of the following situations can SSD be used according to the author?A. Tasting a
40、dish on the video.B. Feeling a dress being sold online.C. Giving a telephone interview.D. Receiving on-site medical treatment.15. Which word can best describe SSD according to the text?A. Unrealistic.B. Conventional.C. Innovative.D. Adjustable.【答案】12-15 CABC【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了柔软皮肤拉伸装置的功能和工作原理以及未来发展
41、领域。12.词义猜测题。根据“the experience of touch by stimulating localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration or motion.”（通过刺激局部皮肤的方式来体验触觉，这种方式与在现实世界中通过力量、振动或运动所感受到的感觉相似。）可知，通过刺激皮肤的局部区域，利用力、振动或者运动，触觉技术可以模仿或者复制触摸的体验，从而达到类似于真实世界中的感觉，故划线词意思是：复制，模
42、仿。故选C。13.主旨大意题。根据第三段可知，振动是当今最常见的触觉技术，并已被植入许多电子设备，如连接在笔记本电脑触控板背面的设备。然而，当连续使用时，带有振动的触觉反馈会变得不那么敏感。现有的技术也很难在虚拟环境或远程对象上重现触觉。因此作者在第三段主要是强调了触觉技术的局限性。故选A。14.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The haptic devices could be used in various fields, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.”（触觉设备可以应用于各个领
43、域，能让用户在虚拟世界中或远程触摸物体。）可推断，在网上试穿衣服可以使用SSD。故选B。15.推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这项新技术克服了现有触觉设备存在的问题。研究小组引入了一种新的方法，通过柔软的人造“肌肉”来重建触觉。因此推知SSD具有创新性。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every time youre online, you are bombarded by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their s
44、tories. 16 Sometimes they want you to click on another story or advertisement at their own site, other times they want to upset people for political reasons. Experts in media studies and online psychology have been examining the fake news phenomenon. Read these tips, and dont get fooled!Check the so
45、urce. 17 Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but dont have many real newspapers, but dont have many real stories about other topics. If you arent sure, click on the “About” page and look for a clear description of the organization. 18 Look to see if the story you
46、are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isnt fake, as many big news organizations try to check their sources before they publish a story.There are other techniques that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS and lots o
47、f ads that pop up when you click on a link. 19 If the news story makes you angry, its probably designed to make you angry.If you know these things about online news, and can apply them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read, what to believe and most importantly what to sh
48、are. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: 20 A. Dont share it.B. Read about it in print media.C. Check the story in other places.D. Unfortunately, not all of these stories are true.E. Also, think about how the story makes you feel.F. Look at the website where the story comes from.G. However, the rash of fake news is a relatively new problem.【答