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1、雅思(阅读)模拟试卷18 (题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading ModuleReading Module (60 minutes)READING PASSAGE 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. Money transfers by mobileAThe ping of a text message has never sounded so sweet. In what is being touted as a worl
2、d first, Kenyas biggest mobile operator is allowing subscribers to send cash to other phone users by SMS. Known as M-Pesa, or mobile money, the service is expected to revolutionise banking in a country where more than 80% of people are excluded from the formal financial sector. Apart from transferri
3、ng casha service much in demand among urban Kenyans supporting relatives in rural areas-customers of the Safaricom network will be able to keep up to 50000 shillings ( 370) in a virtualaccountontheirhandsets.B Developed by Vodafone, which holds a 35% share in Safaricom, M-Pesa was formally launched
4、in Kenya two weeks ago. More than 10000 people have signed up for the service, with around 8 minion shillings transferred so far, mostly in tiny denominations. Safaricom9s executives are confident that growth will be strong in Kenya, and later across Africa. We are effectively giving people ATM card
5、s without them ever having to open a real bank account J said Michael Joseph, chief executive of Safaricom, who called the money transfer concept the next big thing“ in mobile telephony.C M-Pesas is simple.There is no need for a new handset or SIM card. To send money you hand over the cash to a regi
6、stered agent- typically a retailer-who credits your virtual account. You then send between 100 shillings (74p) and 35,000 shillings ( 259) via text message to the desired recipienteven someone on a different mobile network who cashes it at an agent by entering a secret code and showing ID. A commiss
7、ion of up to 170 shillings ( 1.25) is paid by the recipient but it compares favourably with fees levied by the major banks, whose services are too expensive for most of the population. D Mobile phone growth in Kenya, as in most of Africa, has been remarkable, even among the rural poor. In June 1999
8、Kenya had 15000 mobile subscribers. Today it has nearly 8 million out of a population of 35 million, and the two operators5 networks are as extensive as the access to banks is limited. Safaricom says it is not so much competing with financial services companies as filling a void. In time, M-Pesa wil
9、l allow people to borrow and repay money, and make purchases. Companies will be able to pay salaries directly into workers9 phonessomething that has already attracted the interest of larger employers, such as the tea companies, whose workers often have to be paid in cash as they do not have bank acc
10、ounts. There are concerns about security, but Safaricom insists that even if someone phone is stolen the PIN system prevents unauthorised withdrawals. Mr Joseph said the only danger is sending正确答案：CQuestions 31-35Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.31. . Ano
11、ther example of cheap technology helping poor people in the countryside is.正确答案：cell phones*32. Kerosene lamps and conventional bulbs give off less than GSBFlamps.正确答案：useful light*33. It is unlikely that the Indian government will achieve its aim of connecting 112000 villages to electricity because
12、 many villages are.正确答案：remote*34. GSBF lamps would be cheaper if it werent for.正确 答案：(heavy) import duties*35. . Users need to wipe from the LED in order to keep it working well.正确答案：dustQuestions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? TRUEif the information
13、in the text agrees with the statementFALSEif the information in the text contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN一一if there is no information on this36. Ganpat Jadhav9s monthly ration of kerosene was insufficient.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*37. Kerosene causes many fires in homes in developing countries.A.真
14、B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：C38. LED systems could solve the worlds energy problems.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：B39. Chaddha has so far funded the GSBF lamp project himself.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：A40. Micro-credit would help to get more people to use LED lamps.A.真41.C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：Acash to the wrong mobile num
15、ber and the recipient redeeming it straight away. E The project is being watched closely by mobile operators around the world as a way of targeting the multibillion pound international cash transfer industry long dominated by companies such as Western Union and Moneygram. Remittances sent from nearl
16、y 200 million migrant workers to developing countries totalled 102 billion last year, according to the World Bank. The GSM Association, which represents more than 700 mobile operators worldwide, believes this could quadruple by 2012 if transfers by SMS become the norm. Vodafone has entered a partner
17、ship with Citigroup that will soon allow Kenyans in the UK to send money home via text message. The charge for sending 50 is expected to be about 3, less than a third of what some traditional services charge.Questions 1 -4The text has 5 paragraphs (A-E). Which paragraph contains each of the followin
18、g pieces of information?1. A possible security problem.正确答案：D*2. The cost of M-Pesa.正确答案：c*3. An international service similar to M-Pesa.正确答案：E*4. The fact that most Kenyans do not have a bank account.正确答案：AQuestions 5-8Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.5.
19、 Safaricom is the mobile phone company in Kenya.正确答案：biggest*6. An M-Pesa account needs to be credited by.正确答案：an agent/a registered agent7. companies are particularly interested in using M-Pesa.正确答案：Tea*8. . Companies like Moneygrain and Western Union have the international money transfer market.正确
20、 答案：long dominatedQuestions 9-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? TRUEif the information in the text agrees with the statementFALSEif the information in the text contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN一一if there is no information on this9. Most Kenyans working in
21、urban areas have relatives in rural areas.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：c*10. So far, most of the people using M-Pesa have used it to send small amounts of money.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*11. M-Pesa can only be used by people using one phone network.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：B *12. M-Pesa can be used to buy pr
22、oducts and services.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*13. The GSM Association is a consumer organization.A.真B.假C. NOT GIVEN正确答案：BREADING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below. Park the Car PermanentlyA Morethan a million people are likely to
23、 be disappointed by their experience of the Governments attempts to improve the democratic process. They may have signed an online petition against road pricing, but ministers are determined to push ahead with plans to make it more expensive to drive. The Government is convinced that this is the onl
24、y way to reduce congestion and the environmental damage caused by motoring. B Why wait until you are forced off the road by costly charges? You may enjoy the convenience of your car, but the truth is that for huge numbers of people, owning a car makes little financial sense. Youd be far better off g
25、iving it up and relying on other forms of transport. Tm 47 and Fve never owned a car, despite having a job that requires me to travel all over the South-east to visit clients/5 says Donnachadh McCarthy, an environmental expert who specialises in advising people how to be greener. A car is a huge fin
26、ancial commitment, as well as being a psychological addiction. Not owning a vehicle Is far more practical than most people realise/9 C It may seem as if cars have never been cheaper. After all, It is now possible to buy a brand new car for less than 4800the Perodua Kelisa, if youre Interested. There
27、 are plenty of decent vehicles you can buy straight from the showroom for between 5000 and 7000. Of course, if you buy second-hand, the prices will be even lower. However, the falling purchase price of cars masks the fact that it has never been more expensive to own and run o vehicle. The estimate I
28、s that the cost of running a car rose by more than ten per cent last year alone. The annual cost of running your own vehicle is put at an average of 5539, or 107 a week. White drivers who do less or more than the average mileage each year will spend correspondingly less or more, many of the costs of
29、 car ownership are fixed-and therefore unavoidable.DDepreciation-the fact that your vehicle loses a large chunk of its resale value each years one problem, accounting for 2420 a year. The cost of finance packages, which most people have to resort to to pay for at least part of the price of a new car
30、, has also been rising-to an average of 1040 a year. Then there9s insurance, maintenance, tax and breakdown Insurance, all of which will cost you broadly the same amount, however many miles you do. Only fuel costs are truly variable. While petrol prices are the most visible Indicator of the cost of
31、running a car, for the typicaldriver they account for less than one-fifth of the real costs each year. In other wards, leaving aside all the practical and psychological barriers to giving up your car, in financial terms doing so makes sense for many people. E Take the cost of public transport, for e
32、xample. In London, the most expensive city in the UK, the most expensive annual travel card, allowing travel in any zone at any time, costs Just over 1700. You could give up your car and still have thousands of pounds to spare to spend on occasional car hire, in fact, assuming that you have the most
33、 expensive travel card in London, you could hire a cheap car from a company such as easyCar far about 30 weeks a year, and still be better off overall than if you own your own vehicle. Not that car hire is necessarily the mast cost-effective option for people who are prepared to do without a car but
34、 may still need to drive occasionally.F Streetcar, one ofseveral car clubs with growing numbers of members, reckons that using its vehicles twice a week, every week, for a year, would cost you just 700. Streetcars model works very similarly to those of its main rivals, Citycarclub and Whizzgo. These
35、 three companies, which now operate in 20 of Britain 9s towns and cities, charge their members a refundable deposit 150 at Streetcar-and then provide them with an electronic smartcard. This enables members to get into the vehicles, which are left parked In set locations, and the keys are then found
36、in the glove compartment. Members pay an hourly rate for the car- 4.95 is the cost at Streetcar-and return it to the same spot, or to a different designated parking place. G Car sharing is an increasingly popular option for people making the same journeys regularlyto and from work, far example. Many
37、 companies run schemes that help colleagues who live near to each other and work in the same place to contact each other so they can share the Journey to work. Liftshare and Carshare are two national organisations that maintain online databases of people who would be prepared to team up, Other peopl
38、e may be able to replace part or all of their journey to work or any journeys, for that matter-with low-cost transport such as a bicycle, or even by just walking. The more you can reduce your car use, however you gain access to it, the more you will save.Questions 14-17The text has 7paragraphs (A-G)
39、. Which paragraph does each of the following headings best fit?14. Don9t wait!正确答案：B*15. . Team up正确答案：G16. Join a club正确答案：F*17. Use public transport正确答案：EQuestions 18-22According to the text, FIVE of the following statements are true. Write the corresponding letters in answer boxes 18 to 22 in any
40、 order.A Me Carthy claims people can become addicted to using cars.B The cost of using a car rose by over ten per cent last year.C Most British people borrow money to help buy cars.D Many people need cars to drive in London occasionally. E Streetcar operates in over 20 cities in Britain.F Streetcars
41、 cars must be left at specific locations.G Car sharing is becoming more popular with people who live and work near each other. H The government wants to encourage people to go to work on foot or by bicycle.18. 18正确答案：A19. 19正确答案：B*20. 20 正确答案：c*21. 21 正确答案：F*22. 22 正确答案：GQuestions 23-26According to
42、the information given in the text, choose the correct answer or answers from the choices given.23. The government has decided.A. not to follow protestors? suggestions.B to become more democratic.C. to go ahead with charging drivers to use roads.正确答案：AC24 . Cars are often.A. relatively cheap in Brita
43、in.B. relatively expensive to operate in Britain.C. sold second-hand in Britain.正确答案：AB*25 . Fuel costs.A. make up about 20% of the cost of running a car.B are related to the amount drivers pay for their cars.C. depend on how far you drive.正确答案：AC*26 . Using public transport.A. will save money for B
44、ritish motorists, except in London.B and renting a car part of the time can save money.C. costs Londoners about 1700 a year.正确答案：BREADING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.LowCost Lamps Light Rural India Until throe months ago,
45、life in this humble village without electricity would come to a halt after sunset. Inside his mud-and-clay home, Ganpat Jadhavs three children used to study in the dim, smoky glow of a kerosene lamp. When their monthly fuel quota of four litres dried up in just a fortnight, they had to strain their
46、eyes using the light from a cooking fire. That all changed with the installation of low-cost, energy-efficient lamps that are powered entirely by the sun. The lights were installed by the Grameen Surya Bijli Foundation (GSBF), an Indian non-governmental organization focused on bringing light to rura
47、l India. Some 100,000 Indian villages do not yet have electricity. The GSBF lamps use LEDs-light emitting diodesthat are four times more efficient than a normal bulb. After a $ 55 installation cost, solar energy lights the lamp free of charge. LED lighting, like cell phones, is another example of a
48、technology whose low cost could allow the rural poor to leap into the 21st century. As many as 1.5 billion peoplenearly 80 million in India alone-light their houses using kerosene as the primary lighting media. The fuel is dangerous, dirty, and-despite being subsidized-consumes nearly four percent of a typical rural Indian households budget. A recent report by the Intermediate Technology Development Group suggests that indoor air pollution from such lighting media results in 1.6 mill