《专业英语八级模拟试卷563(题后含答案及解析).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专业英语八级模拟试卷563(题后含答案及解析).docx（15页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、专业英语八级模拟试卷563 (题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lccturc. You will hear th
2、e lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the
3、gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文： Note-Taking Good morning. Id like to begin by saying how pleased I am that so many of you have come to the first of our study skills sessions this term. Today ril talk about how to take notes. Note-taking is quite an int
4、eresting topic to discuss. First I would ask, why do you take notes? I think you might consider two reasons. First,notes are an aid to memory. Obviously if you are reading for a long essay over a period of weeks, or for two or three essays simultaneously, (1) then you must have some systems of sorti
5、ng and recalling the information you will need when you finally come to plan and write the essay. Second,your notes provide the raw material on which your mind must work in relation to your set essay topic. And you will need certain types of information, such as;facts,figures and direct quotations.
6、They must be available quickly and accurately, When you take notes, the process of doing it helps you to summarize ideas and arguments, select points relevant to your purpose, and finally understand and interpret the original source. So note-taking is an important stage in developing your understand
7、ing of your topic. Your notes will provide the basis for your thinking and the materials for your essay. You may ask; when do I take notes? It really depends on your own purpose and the stage of reading you have reached. In your early stages of reading when you are skimming material of a general nat
8、ure, you will probably not want to make any notes at all, until after you have finished your skimming and have got a feel for the subject. Then you may find it useful to go back and make notes on the points or section within the general survey which seemed important to you. At a later stage of readi
9、ng, when you can recognize to underline key points or make marginal notes, you will probably want to do this with essential source materials or original texts which you must study in detail and refer to constantly. Now we come to the question;what do you note,and how much do you take notes from read
10、ing? Wc often consider the fbllowing three ways:First,what is the writers intention in the passage? You know the writer hasselected and structured his material to suit his intentions, but these are unlikely to be precisely the same focus as your essay topic. Therefore, while recognizing the writer o
11、f military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.18. Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?A. The Byzantin
12、e Empire was a unique case in which the usual order of military and economic revival preceding cultural revival was reversed.B. The economic, cultural, and military revival in the Byzantine Empire between the eighth and eleventh centuries was similar in its order to the sequence of revivals in Augus
13、t Rome and fifth - century Athens.C. The revival of the Byzantine Empire between the eighth and eleventh centuries shows cultural rebirth preceding economic and military revival, the reverse of the commonly accepted order of progress.D. The eighth -century revival of Byzantine learning is an inexpli
14、c,- ie phenomenon, and its economic and military precursors have yet to be discovered.正确答案：c解析：选项A说明拜占庭帝国是军事、经济、文化复兴逆序出现的唯一例 子。文中并没有“唯一性”的字眼。选项B说明三者在拜占庭帝国的出现次序 与其在古希腊、罗马的出现次序一样，与作者观点不符。C说明8至11世纪之 间拜占庭帝国的复兴中，文化复兴先于经济、军事复兴产生，和一般的复兴顺序 相反，符合文章结尾的表达，故而正确。D说明8世纪拜占庭文化复兴是不可解 释的现象，其经济、军事的先导还有待开展，不符合作者的说法。作者认
15、为文化 复兴是其他两种复兴的先导。19. Which of the following does the author mention as crucial evidence concerning the manner in which the Byzantine revival began?A. The Byzantine military revival of the 860s led to economic and cultural advances,B. The Byzantine cultural revival lasted until 1453.C. The Byzantine
16、economic recovery began in the 900s.D. The revival of Byzantine learning began toward the end of the eighty century.正确答案：d解析；A、讲的是860年左右拜占庭军事复兴引出经济、文化复兴，和作者态 度相反。B讲的是文化复兴延伸至1453年。此点文中有，但文化复兴的截止日 期对判断本文作者的论题一一三种复兴问谁推动谁的问题没有帮助，与此题题干 无关。C讲的是经济复兴在900年左右开始，和原文不符。D讲的是拜占庭文化 8世纪末就复兴了。是正确的。作者正是用它来说明拜占庭复兴开始的方
17、式和普 遍认为的不同。20. According to the author, 4tThe common explanation, (first sentence in third paragraph) of connections between economic, military, and cultural development isA. revolutionary and too new to have been applied to the history of the Byzantine EmpireB. reasonable, but an antiquated theory
18、of the nature of progressC. not applicable to the Byzantine revival as a whole, but does perhaps accurately describe limited periods during the revivalD. essentially not helpful, because military, economic, and cultural advances are part of a single phenomenon正确答案：C解析：A、认为有革命性，但应用于拜占庭历史还过于超前，与作者的评价不
19、 一致。B认为有理，但过时。文中指出其缺点是不能解释拜占庭的实际情况，未 提它是否符合潮流。C认为对拜占庭复兴整体上是不适用的，但或许能解释其中 有限一段时间的情况，故而正确。D认为基本上没什么用，因为军事、经济、文 化进步是一个现象的不同侧面，前言不搭后语。Because之后的原因根本推不出 前面的结论。PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.21
20、. The character of Scots is.A. serious and cautiousB. cautious and thriftyC. hospitable and generousD. emotional and cheerful正确答案：C涉及知识点：英国国家概况22. is free and compulsory in the United States.A. Elementary, secondary and higher educationB. Elementary and secondary educationC. Secondary and higher edu
21、cationD. Adult education正确答案：b解析；翥国的小学和中学教育都是免费的义务教育。知识模块：美国概况 教育23. The Raven is a poem byA. Edgar Allan Poe.B. Walt Whitman.C. Ralph Waldo Emerson.D. Henry David Thoreau.正确答案：A解析：乌鸦(The Raven)是埃德加爱伦坡(Edgar Allan Poe)最著名的诗 歌代表作之一。知识模块：美国文学浪漫主义时期24. According to Chomsky, the Universal Grammar isA. g
22、ained specifically for each language.B. acquired through the interaction with the environment.C. got through imitation and practice.D. pre-equipped in childrens brains.正确答案：D解析：以乔姆斯基为代表的语法天生主义者认为人的大脑中有一种与生俱来 的语言学习生理机构。其所包含的规那么是普遍适用于所有人类语言的。知识模 块：第一语言习得25. The Great Barrier Reef lies off coast of Aus
23、tralia.A. the southeastB. the southwestC. the northeastD. the northwest正确答案：C解析：大堡礁(Ihe Great Barrier Reef)是世界上最大、最长的珊瑚礁区，是世 界七大自然景观之一，也是澳大利亚人最引以为豪的天然景观，延于澳大利亚东 北海岸外的大陆架上，北面从托雷斯海峡起，向南直到弗雷泽岛附近。知识模 块：人文知识26. Australia is the worlds largest exporter ofA. wheat.B. wool.C. meat.D. dairy products.正确答案：B解析
24、：此题考查澳大利亚背景知识。澳大利亚的养羊业兴旺，有.“骑在羊背 上的国家”之称。澳大利亚是全球最大的羊毛生产和出口国。27. The word aconic is.A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated正确答案：D28. was considered to be the greatest dramatist in the 18th century.A. Henry FieldingB. Laurence Stern
25、eC. Oliver GoldsmithD. Richard B.Sheridan正确答案：D解析：理查德B 谢立丹被认为是18世纪最伟大的剧作家。此题属于英 国文学类问题。29. Percy Bysshe Shelley was famous for.A. Ode to a NightingaleB. Ode to AutumnC. The rime of Ancient MarinerD. Prometheus Unbound正确答案：D解析：英国文学之作家作品。Shelley(雪莱)的代表作有Prometheus Unbound(解放了的普罗米修斯)和Ode to the West Wi
26、nd(西风颂)。3(). Which of the following is the most significant American poem of the 20th century by T.S. Eliot?A. The Sacred Wood.B. Four Quartets.C. The Waste Land.D. Preludes.正确答案：c解析：荒原是等略特1920年开始创作的现代主要作品之一，其主题明显 反映了的是第一次世界大战所展示的西方文明的失败，荒原是同类作品中公 认的代表作。PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MI
27、N)Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:(l)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the c
28、orrect one in the blank provided at the end of the line.(2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a /V sign and write t31. Moreover, parties tend to come to fair rational decisions about their nominee, placing heavy emphasis on electability.正确答案：fair _ fairly解析：fair用作副词时表示“公平
29、地”，fairly那么表示“相当地、非常地”，句 中指“相当理性的决定”，故用后者。知识模块：形容词与副词误用PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHDirections: Translate the following text into English.32. 终身教育是指与生命共有外延并已扩展到社会各方面的连续性的教育社区教育是在一定区域内，利用各类教育资源开展的旨在提高社区全体成员整 体素质和生活质量，月盼区域经济建设和社会开展的教育活动；二者都具有“全 面、全员、完整、持续”等基本特征。对终身教育和社区教育的认识有
30、利于促进 我国逐步建立和完善终身学习的教育制度。正确答案： Lifelong education refers to the continuous education that lasts as long as ones life and is expanded to all the fields of the society. Community education is an educational activity that serves the community economy and social development, which aims at improving the q
31、uality and living standard of all the people in the community through taking advantage of various education sources. Both are characterized by “all people, all sides, integrity and conlinuity”. Belter understanding of lifelong education and community education is beneficial to promote the establishm
32、ent and improvement of lifelong education system.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese.33. Of course, making sure its as easy as possible for the media to get their material back to base is usually in the interest of the White House. It not only provides a
33、 transcript of every presidential utterance and background information on every place hes visiting, it also invests a great deal of time and effort in whats known in the trade as “spinning”. A steady stream of administration officials and foreign policy experts circulates in the pressroom, seeking t
34、o cast the Presidents word in the best possible light. The spinners gravitate most readily towards the television networks and the most important American newspapers. Its not uncommon to see a correspondent composing a dispatch on a personal computer with a White House official at his or her side, s
35、hould any extra advice or information be required. Despite, or at times because of, such close attention, relations between the White House and its traveling press corps are seldom on an even keel for long. Ruffled feathers have to be smoothed and confrontations resolved. On such occasions, small ge
36、stures can make a big difference.正确答案： 当然，保证新闻媒介尽可能方便地把资料发回总部通常是 出于白宫利益考虑。它不仅提供总统每一次讲话的详细记录及其每一访问地点的背景信息，而且也投入了大量的时间以及人力与物力以到达商业上所谓的“运筹 帷幄”。大批政府官员和外交政策专家活跃于记者室，推敲构思总统演说的一字 一句，斟酌到至善至美的境界。这些智囊团非常乐意到电视网或美国最重要的报 社去走走瞧瞧。所以，当需要额外的咨询或信息时，看到私人电脑前一个记者与 一个白宫官员一起坐着写出一篇新闻报道时也就缺乏为奇了。尽管亲密如斯，有时恰恰因为如此，白宫与其随行新闻界人士的关
37、系常常好景不长。被触怒 的人不得不安抚，对抗的局面不得不解决。这种时候，小小的一个手势能大大地 扭转局面。PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)Dircctions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic.34. Nowadays, some students have dropped off school to start their own enterprises. They have their own idol: Bill Gales who has left Harvard to devo
38、te his energy to Microsoft and became the leader of the software industry. But the actual situation is that many companies have opened are broken now. Should we encourage students to start their own enterprises? Show your opinion and write an article of about 400 words on the following topic: Should
39、 College Students Start Enterprises during Their Studying Period? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural
40、conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：Should College Students Start Enterprises during TheirStudying Period? When Bill Gates left Harvard to devote his energy
41、to Microsoft and became the leader of the software industry, the whole world was shocked. People began to question: Is college education necessary or just a waste of time?” Some of the young people set Bill Gates as their example and dropped out of schools to start enterprises. Maybe some people thi
42、nk it is pioneering, but in my opinion, it s improper. In the four-year campus life, learning is of great importance. As college students, they should be focused on their study. They have to understand what their priority is during that period. They should work hard and master their majors fully. On
43、ly in this way can they make good preparations for their work in the future. Those young people should prize the valuable opportunity for study. As we know, when people start an enterprise, experiences are needed. The young people living in campus lack experiences, however. Pure, inexperienced, even
44、 naive, usually they are more easily taken in. During this period, the greatest advantage for those students is that they have full time for systematic training. Therefore, they should make full use of the valuable time. After their graduation, when they have gained some experiences, it is the right
45、 time for them to start their enterprises. The other difficulty for college students to start enterprises is that they usually lack capital. Their pocket money is certainly far from enough. They usually borrow the money from their parents, Iheir friends or get a bank loan. All those methods will mak
46、e a heavy burden for their families. If they start their enterprises after their graduation, the whole thing will be quite different: they have worked and they will have some savings to support their enterprises. Some people may disagree: Gates has proved that starting enterprises before graduation
47、is feasible. But there is only one Gates. Since their time and energy are limited, it, s unnecessary for those young students to take risks to have a try. It, s hard for those young people to achieve the balance between iheir study and their enterprises. They have to do those step by step: master a
48、good major, gather enough experiences and capital, and then start their enterprises. There is an old Chinese saying, “Sharpening an axe will not delay the cutting of fircwood. The ancient wisdom taught us that making preparations will not delay the progress in the work. For those college students, d
49、o not start enterprises in haste when studying. Making good preparations is really important.own purpose,you must sift his information and ideas according to your own interests. The same holds true for lectures and tutorials. And then,the discipline in which you are working. In disciplines in which you arc working with original sources, for