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1、专题一语法填空Passage 1(2015东北三省四市二模)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。As an old English saying goes, “honesty is the best policy”. It is more than an old cliche(陈词滥调)，but _1_ good way to live your life.First, honesty is the _2_(easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always cos
2、ts them something. Many relationships can be destroyed by lies.Second, honesty gives us much _3_(free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people _4_(pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are
3、 _5_(true) free.If there were two people _6_(stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person _7_ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely _8_(believe)? Im sure most people would side with the honest person. _9_ we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets
4、us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is _10_(you). What will you choose?1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：诚实是最好的策略。本文给出了解释。1命题立意：考查考生对上下文的理解和冠词的使用。答案：aa表示“一种”。2命题立意：考生应能根据句式及语境正确运用形容词的最高级。答案： easiest前面的the决定只能用easiest。3
5、命题立意：考生应能根据提示写出正确的名词形式。答案：freedom提示词前give much，需要free的名词形式，考查give somebody something 的用法。4命题立意：考查考生对一般将来时态的掌握。答案：will paysooner or later是“迟早”的意思，所以该空该用一般将来时态。5命题立意：考生应能根据语境正确运用所给词的适当形式。答案： truly修饰形容词应当用副词。因此判断为true的副词形式。6命题立意：考生应能根据语境正确运用所给词的适当形式。答案：standing此空在There were people后面，说明要用非谓语动词，根据动词stand
6、与people 的逻辑关系确定用现在分词standing。7命题立意：考查考生对上下文的理解和关系代词的使用。答案：who/that定语从句先行词为人“person”且从句中缺少主语，所以应由who/that引导。8命题立意：考生应能根据语境正确运用所给词的适当形式。答案：to believe该空与be likely搭配使用，该用to do形式。be likely to do可能。9命题立意：考查考生对句意的理解及连词的使用。答案：EitherEither.or表示“要么要么”。10命题立意：考生应能在语篇理解的基础上，准确理解句子含义。答案：yours这就是你的选择，用名词性物主代词作表语，
7、代表“your choice”。Passage 2(2015东北三省三校第二次联合模拟)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Camels certainly like eating green grass, not dry grass. But _1_(strange), camels always keep looking for dry grass _2_ their stomachs are filled up.A classmate of _3_() whose home is on the edge of Turpan Basin in Xinji
8、ang told me his home has two camels; he said you could imagine a camels appetite, for it can slowly swallow dozens of kilograms of hay(干草). I asked him _4_ camels eat hay, not green grass. He said the camel is a kind of animal with _5_ strong sense of suffering, _6_(fear) its master letting it trave
9、l through the desert the next day, and the hay in its stomach is more hungerresistant _7_ green grass.The camel has the best tolerance. Unfortunately, many people can only see a camels outstanding performance, but few understand its _8_(prepare) made for it.Life, _9_ a camel traveling through the de
10、sert, _10_(need) the adequate accumulation, but not everyone can understand it.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：本文解释了骆驼喜欢吃青草，但平时总在寻找干草的原因。1命题立意：考查词性辨认题。答案：strangely句意：但是奇怪地是，骆驼总是寻找干草。根据语意可知这里应该用副词形式修饰整个句子。strangely奇怪地。2命题立意：考查连词辨析。答案：until/till/before根据空格前的一句话：骆驼当然喜欢吃绿草，而不是干草。但是奇怪的是，在骆驼把胃填满
11、之前，总是寻找干草。因此答案填before。也可用till/until。3命题立意：考查代词辨析。答案：mine句意：我的一个同班同学。这里应该使用双重所有格。所以用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my classmates。4命题立意：考查连词辨析题。答案：why句意：我问他骆驼为什么吃干草。why为什么，引导宾语从句。5命题立意：考查冠词辨析题。答案：a句意：骆驼是一种具有很强的忧患意识感的动物。a是不定冠词，表示泛指。再如：a sense of humor幽默感。6命题立意：考查动词形式辨析题。答案：fearing句意：他说骆驼是一种具有很强的忧患意识感的动物，害怕主人第二天让它穿越沙漠。
12、fear动作的发出者跟前句的the camel一致，因此用fearing的形式。7命题立意：考查连词than的用法。答案：than句意：骆驼胃里的干草比绿草更能抵抗饥饿。more形容词than比更。8命题立意：考查名词辨析题。答案：preparations句意：但是几乎没人明白骆驼为它的杰出表现所做的准备。这里用名词复数preparations。9命题立意：考查介词辨析题。答案：like句意：生活，就像骆驼穿越沙漠。like介词，像。10命题立意：考查动词形式辨析题。答案：needs句意：生活，就像骆驼穿越沙漠，需要充足的积累，但是不是每个人都能理解。这里Life是主语，like a came
13、l traveling through the desert 是插入语，因此动词need用第三人称单数needs。Passage 3阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015甘肃省部分普通高中第一次联考)The truth _1_ trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food, wood and most _2_(important), oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this listblo
14、cking out harmful bacteria from water.The discovery _3_(make) by a team _4_(consist) of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students _5_ were seeking a natural water filterone that would help communities in developing countries that do not have _6_(accessi
15、ble) to modern water filter systems.The _7_(research), led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through, while blocking out air bubbles.They began by cutting 1.5inchwide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The
16、people related then tested the woods filtering ability by pouring water containing red dye particles of different sizes through. _8_ their amazement, they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles. _9_(encourage), the team conducted _10_ experiment, this time with water that contained
17、 bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria, allowing only 1% to flow through.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：树木作用巨大。最新研究表明，它们能去除水中的细菌。1命题立意：考查同位语从句。答案：that此处是同位语从句，又因为从句中不缺少成分，故选用从属连词that。2命题立意：考查形容词和副词的转换。答案：importantly此处most importantly是在修饰谓语动词provide，故用副词。句意为“他们为我
18、们提供了食物和木头，更重要的是提供了氧气”。3命题立意：考查谓语动词的时态和语态。答案：was made此处指上文中的新发现是由一个被几个科学家组成的队伍做出的，the discovery和make之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。由本句话可知，用一般过去时。4命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：consisting此处是现在分词短语“consisting of scientists”作后置定语，修饰team。因为被修饰词team和consist之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。5命题立意：考查定语从句。答案：who/that分析句子可知此处为who/that引导的定语从句，因为先行词是students，
19、并且students在后面的定语从句中充当主语，故用who/that。6命题立意：考查形容词和名词的转换。答案：accesshave access to，意思为“使用，接近，可以利用”，是固定搭配。7命题立意：考查动词和名词的转换。答案：researchers分析该句结构可知，谓语动词为decided，那么能发出这个动作的主语应该为researchers研究人员，研究者。8命题立意：考查介词。答案：Toto ones amazement，是固定结构，表示“令某人惊讶的是”。举一反三：类似的用法有to ones delight，令人高兴的是， to ones relief，令人欣慰的等等。 “t
20、o ones 情感名词”是英语中一个十分有用的结构，主要表示某人由于某事的发生而唤起其内心的某种情感，通常译为“令某人的是”“使某人感到的是”。9命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：Encouraged此处为分词作状语，主语team与encourage之间是动宾关系，故选用过去分词“encouraged”。10命题立意：考查代词。答案：another根据上文可知关于此事做过实验，这次是除了上次以外的另一个实验，故用another，表示“另一个”。Passage 4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015佛山市二模)When I was about ten
21、years old, I remember my father coming into the room, looking terribly pleased with himself, to tell us that we were going to have _1_ brother or sister. It was really beyond our _2_(expect), so we were both taken aback. I was actually delighted, _3_ my brother was quite different. He was younger th
22、an me, and I dont think he was too impressed with the idea. He has a tendency to worry _4_ things, and I think he was terrified by the fact _5_ he might not be the center of attention all the time.When the big day came, _6_(luck) there were problems, and my mother had to stay in hospital. My brother
23、 and I werent allowed _7_(visit), and we all were worried and had no idea _8_ to do. We tried to calm each other down, but basically we were so upset that something awful _9_(happen). It all worked out well in the end though, and when I was finally able to see my little sister, I was happy to see _1
24、0_ was so tiny, and special. And we all love her to bits.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：这是一篇英语故事阅读。作者主要讲述的是自己小时候家里添小妹妹的复杂和喜悦心情。1命题立意：考查限定词。答案：another根据前文的we说明家里不是作者一个孩子，再添一个，应用another。2命题立意：考查名词。答案：expectation(s)根据前文的beyond是介词，后跟名词作宾语，故判断填expectation(s)。3命题立意：考查连词。答案：but根据空前后是转折关系判断，故填but
25、。4命题立意：考查介词。答案：aboutworry about为担心，故填about。5命题立意：考查同位语从句。答案：that根据空前的the fact事实，后面的从句说明fact的内容，不缺少成分，应用that引导。故填that。6命题立意：考查副词。答案：unluckily根据下文的problems判断是“不幸地”，应用副词修饰整个句子。故填unluckily。7命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：to visit根据词组allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，故填to visit。8命题立意：考查疑问词。答案：what根据空后是不定式，不定式的do缺少宾语。故填what。9
26、命题立意：考查时态。答案：would happen根据空前的so upset说明害怕某事将会发生，应用过去将来时，判断填would happen。10命题立意：考查代词。答案：she根据前文的my little sister判断。故填she。Passage 5阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015广州市二模)The giant panda loves bamboo. An adult panda requires 12. 5 kilograms of bamboo，which it _1_(hungry)pulls out with its powe
27、rful paws，to satisfy its daily needs. Wild pandas live only in the high bamboo forests of Central China. These mountain forests are cool and wetjust as pandas like it. In the summer，they may climb as high as 4000 meters to help themselves to bamboo _2_(grow)at higher altitudes.Frequently，pandas _3_(
28、see)eating in a relaxed sitting position，with their back legs stretched out before them. _4_ they may appear inactive，they are in fact skilled treeclimbers and efficient swimmers.Giant pandas are unsociable.They have a highly developed sense of smell that males use _5_(avoid)each other and to find f
29、emales for mating in the spring. After a fivemonth pregnancy，a female gives birth _6_ a cub. The blind baby pandas weigh only 142 grams and cannot crawl(爬行)_7_ they reach three months of age._8_ are born white，and develop their much loved colouring later.There are only about 1000 giant pandas left i
30、n _9_ wild，with perhaps another 100 in zoos. Because they are so rare，much of _10_ we know about pandas comes from studying these zoo animals.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：这是一篇说明文阅读。文章主要介绍了大熊猫的生存状况和生活特征和习性等。1命题立意：考查副词。答案：hungrily 根据下文的动词pull判断填副词形式。故填hungrily。2命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：growing根据ba
31、mboo是grow的动作执行者，现在分词作后置定语。填growing。3命题立意：考查时态和语态。答案：are seen根据前文的pandas是see的动作承受者，根据语境是一般现在时，故填are seen。4命题立意：考查状语从句答案：Although/Though根据下文的inactive和上文的relaxed判断主从句之间是让步关系，故填Although/Though。5命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：to avoid根据词组use sth. to do sth.判断，此处是sense of smell的定语从句，引导词that在从句中作use的宾语。故填to avoid。6命题立意：考
32、查介词。答案：to根据固定短语give birth to生育。故填to。7命题立意：考查连词。答案：until根据前后分句之间的时间关系，“直到”。故填until。8命题立意：考查代词。答案：They根据前文的pandas判断。故填They。9命题立意：考查冠词。答案：the根据短语in the wild，判断填the。10命题立意：考查宾语从句。答案：what根据空后是宾语从句，从句中缺少know的宾语。故填what。Passage 6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015广州市一模)Kenneth Williams is considered o
33、ne of the greatest British comedy actors of the twentieth century. His voice is his outstanding gift; it virtually defined him as a _1_(perform). Williams would often spend weeks _2_(decide) how a character should sound and this “voice” determined his approach to each role. _3_ even after he had cho
34、sen his “voice”， he didnt always stick to it. _4_ the middle of a single performance, he would sometimes change _5_ tone or speed of his speech, for greater comic effect. While still a beginner, he felt he should be given the freedom to do as he wished on stage and often _6_(ignore) his directors in
35、structions. This greatly annoyed some directors, who refused _7_(work) with him. Sometimes, he would completely ignore the script(台词)and make up his own lines during performance. Although he was proud of his ability to go “off script”， he became extremely angry _8_ other actors tried to do the same,
36、 arguing that they were simply not good at it. Williams loved to make his audience laugh. When performing a scene _9_ there were few laughs, he would often make up _10_ own jokes, which always entertained the audience, but sometimes also ruined the scene.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：本文是
37、传记类小短文。文章主要介绍了英国20世纪最伟大的演员之一的Kenneth Williams的生平。1命题立意：考查名词用法。答案：performer空前是不定冠词a，且指人，表演家，故填performer。2命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：deciding根据词组spend time doing sth.判断应填deciding。3命题立意：考查连词。答案：But空前后两个分句之间是转折关系。故填But。4命题立意：考查介词。答案：Inin the middle of在的中间，故判断填in。5命题立意：考查冠词。答案：the根据空后的of his speech判断tone应特指。故填the。6
38、命题立意：考查时态用法。答案：ignoredignore与前文的felt是并列的谓语动词，它们应在人称、数、时态上保持一致。故填ignored。7命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：to workrefuse后跟不定式作宾语，故填to work。8命题立意：考查状语从句。答案：when/if空后是前一分句的时间或条件状语从句，应填when/if。9命题立意：考查定语从句。答案：where空后是定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语，故判断填where。 10命题立意：考查代词。答案：his空后是own，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。Passage 7阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号
39、内单词的正确形式。(2015惠州市二模)French and American doctors have done an operation together in which the doctors were outside the operating room. This kind of operation _1_(know) as a robotic operation. Doctor Marescaux did the operation in _2_ office in New York City last month. However, a sixtyyearold woman p
40、atient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France. Two doctors in Strasbourg got the patient ready. _3_ placed medical tools and a small video camera in her stomach. Meanwhile, Doctor Marescaux in New York watched her on a video screen and then sent messages to the robot machine _4_ the computer. The r
41、obot moved the tools that cut the womans gall bladder away. _5_(short) after the operation, the woman made a full recovery and left the hospital two days later.Doctors hold the belief _6_ such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations in the future and will improve doctor training as
42、 well. _7_， it will also mean that doctors could do an operation on people in _8_(danger) places far away. More importantly, people could have operations _9_(do) by top doctors without having to travel to the city _10_ the doctors work.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：这是一篇故事。本文主要讲述了两位医生通过电脑
43、和网络远程指挥机器人成功做手术的故事，这解除了医生们远途跋涉做手术的困难。1命题立意：考查时态和语态。答案：is known 根据该句的主语是know的动作承受者，语境叙述的客观现实。故填is known。2命题立意：考查冠词。答案：an根据文意是纽约的一间办公室，判断填an。3命题立意：考查代词。答案：They根据前文的two doctors判断，故填They。4命题立意：考查介词。答案：through通过电脑给机器人发送信息，故填through。5命题立意：考查副词。答案：Shortlyshortly after“之后不久”。故填Shortly。6命题立意：考查同位语从句。答案：that空
44、后是说明空前belief的内容，应用that引导同位语从句。故填that。7命题立意：考查连词。答案：Besides根据前后文之间的递进关系，“而且”。故填besides。8命题立意：考查形容词。答案：dangerous根据空后是名词places，应用形容词修饰。故填dangerous。9命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：done根据空前的operations是do的动作承受者，判断填done。10命题立意：考查定语从句。答案：where根据空后是定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，先行词是表示地点的名词。故填where。Passage 8阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的
45、正确形式。(2015茂名市二模)The Italian dinners we had every Sunday when I was a boy were feasts fit for a king. There were loaves of Italian bread ready to be eaten. _1_ were great with butter and even _2_(good) when you dipped them in the sauce(调味汁). My grandma, _3_ we called “Nanny”， would always bake them a
46、 day ahead so they would be ready. I remember watching her hand make the dough(面团). I would often ask to help but only because I wanted to have _4_ bite of the dough before she placed it in the pans to bake. One day I _5_(fool) asked Nanny why she didnt just buy bread at the store _6_(save) time. “Because theyre not as good，” she said