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1、1/7 2020 年湖南娄底市初中毕业学业考试 英语答案解析 一、1.【答案】C【解析】句意：我遇到了一位特别的同学，一位面带微笑的小老太太。考查名词。A.friend 朋友；B.neighbor 邻居；C.classmate 同学。根据上文 I still remember the day when I reached my college 可知，那天是作者到大学的第一天，所以碰见的应该是同学。C 选项符合句意，故选 C。【考点】名词 2.【答案】B【解析】句意：我高兴地说。“当然！”考查副词。A.angrily 愤怒地；B.happily 高兴地；C.sadly 悲伤地。根据上文 a li
2、ttle old lady with a warm smile Can I give you a hug 可知，罗丝在两人初见面时就表现得十分友善，故此处说的是作者很高兴地回应了她的请求。B 选项符合句意，故选 B。【考点】副词 3.【答案】A【解析】句意：她开玩地笑说：“我来这里是为了认识一个有钱的丈夫，与他结婚生子，然后环游世界。”考查动词。A.joked 开玩笑；B.cried 哭；C.shouted 大叫。根据下文 No,take it seriously 可知，作者让她严肃点，故此处说的是她在开玩笑。A 选项符合句意，故选 A。【考查】动词 4.【答案】A【解析】句意：我一直梦想着能
3、上大学。考查名词。A.college 大学；B.primary school 小学；C.middle school 中学。根据上文 I still remember the day when I reached my college 可知，此处说的是罗丝一直梦想着能上大学。A 选项符合句意，故选 A。【考点】名词 5.【答案】C【解析】句意：一年后，罗丝变得很受欢迎。考查形容词。A.tired 疲惫的；B.unhappy 不开心的；C.popular 受欢迎的。根据下文 She could easily get on well with others wherever she went 可知，
4、她走到哪都能与人友好相处，故此处说的是罗丝变得很受欢迎。C选项符合句意，故选 C。【考点】形容词 6.【答案】C【解析】句意：她喜欢穿衣打扮，喜欢引起别人的注意。考查动词。A.feared 害怕；B.hated 讨厌；C.loved 喜爱。根据下文 she enjoyed the attention from others 可知，她喜欢引起别人的注意，故此处说的是她喜欢穿衣打扮。C 选项符合句意，故选 C。【考点】动词 7.【答案】B【解析】句意：到了学期末，我们邀请罗丝在聚会上讲话。2/7 考查动词。A.dance 跳舞；B.speak 说话；C.sing 唱歌。根据下文 I can sti
5、ll remember what she said 可知，我依然记得她在聚会上所说过的话，故此处是说我们邀请罗丝在聚会上讲话。B 选项符合句意，故选 B。【考点】动词 8.【答案】C【解析】句意：我们不是因为年老而停止玩乐，而是因为停止玩乐才会变老。考查非谓语动词。A.thinking 思考；B.learning 学习；C.playing 玩乐。根据下文 Here are the secrets of staying young.You have to laugh and find humor every day 可知，笑和发现生活中的幽默要通过玩乐才能实现，故此处说的是我们不是因为年老而停止
6、玩乐，而是因为停止玩乐才会变老。C 选项符合句意，故选 C。【考点】非谓语动词 9.【答案】A【解析】句意：如果你有梦想，要去实现梦想永远不会嫌晚。考查连词。A.If 如果；B.Unless 除非；C.Though 尽管。根据下文 its never too late to make it come true 可知，此处应填入连词 if 来引导条件状语从句，即“如果你有梦想，要去实现梦想永远不会嫌晚”。A 选项符合句意，故选 A。【考点】连词 10.【答案】B【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记她教会我们的（道理）。考查动词。A.believe 相信；B.forget 忘记；C.remember 记住
7、。根据上文 At the end of the term we invited Rose to speak at our party.I can still remember what she said 可知，作者一直没忘记罗丝在聚会上说过的话，故此处说的是我永远不会忘记她教会我们的（道理）。B 选项符合句意，故选 B。【考点】动词 三、11.【答案】A【解析】题意：没有生物能单独生存。根据原文 All living things on the earth need other living things to live with.Nothing lives alone 可知，地球上的生物都是
8、相伴共生的，没有生物能独自生存。该小题说法正确，故选 A。12.【答案】A【解析】题意：有些动物通过直接进食植物来生存。根据原文 Plants make food from sunlight,water,air and so on while some animals on(以为食)plants directly可知，有些动物通过直接进食植物来生存。该小题说法正确，故选 A。13.【答案】B【解析】题意：蝗虫不吃人们所需食物。根据原文 Millions and millions of locusts in a group can eat anything that is green,inclu
9、ding a lot of food that people need 可知，蝗虫会吃掉人们所需食物。该小题说法错误，故选 B。14.【答案】B【解析】题意：人类几乎从不打破食物链。根据原文 Humans are at the top of the food chain,.They are members of many food chains,but they often break up the food chains 可知，人类经常会打破食物链。该小题说法错误，故选 B。3/7 15.【答案】A【解析】题意：打破食物链对人类来说是件很危险的事。根据原文 Each form of life
10、 is linked(和有联系)to all the others.Breaking the links puts all lives in danger可知，打破食物链对人类来说是件很危险的事。该小题说法正确，故选 A。16.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 When they are found by the drones,the police will warn them through the loudspeaker(扬声器)on the drone.可知，当无人机发现他们的时候，警察会警告他们，故选 A。17.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 smart robots h
11、elp to send food to patients.The robots can also help to hand out medicine and show the way to people.可知，智能机器人帮助病人送食物。这些机器人还可以帮助分发药品，为人们指路，故选 C。18.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 A company in Shanghai has produced 15 mobile rooms within 24 hours by 3D printing technology 可知，上海一家公司利用 3D 打印技术在 24 小时内生产了 15 个移动房间，
12、故选 A。19.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 About three hundred people can be checked by it in one minute.可知，一分钟可以检查 300 人，故选 B。20.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解及文章的开头 We can use new ways to fight the novel coronavirus(新冠病毒).Lets meet these high-tech helpers in China!可知，文章主要是介绍在疫情期间利用一些高科技帮助抗击疫情的情况，所以 B 选项符合，故选 B。21.【答案】
13、C【解析】细节理解题。根据上文 His last wish was to donate his organs(器官)to save others.他最后的愿望是捐赠他的器官来拯救别人，故选 C。22.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据上文 During his five-year stay in China,Philip travelled around a lot.菲利普在中国待了五年，他到处旅行，故选 A。23.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。A.菲利普大学时从他的老师那里学中文。根据上文 he studied Chinese by himself in his free time.他在空闲
14、时间自学汉语。可知本句说法错误；B.菲利普在中国工作时很少四处走动。根据上文 During his five-year stay in China,Philip travelled around a lot.菲利普在中国待了五年，他到处旅行，可知本句说法错误。C.当菲利普接近死亡时，他的大部分器官仍然处于良好状态。根据上文 Phillip knew most of his organs were still working well.菲利普知道他的大部分器官仍然运转良好。可知本句说法正确，故选 C。24.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。A.菲利普来自澳大利亚。根据上文 Phillip came
15、from Sydney,Australia.菲利普来自澳大利亚悉尼，可知本句属于文章细节，是不需要推断出来的；B.菲利普中文说的好。根据上文 he showed great interest in China and studied Chinese by himself in his free time.In 2012,the young man took part in the 11th Chinese Bridge Competition for foreign college students in China.他对中国表现出极大的兴趣，在空闲时间独4/7 自学习汉语。在 2012 年，
16、这位年轻人参加了第十一届中国“汉语桥”世界大学生中文比赛。由此可推断菲利普的中文应该说得好。C.菲利普在西南大学教英语。After finishing college,he came to Southwest University in Chongqing to teach English.大学毕业后，他来到重庆西南大学教英语。可知本句属于文章细节，是不需要推断出来的，故选 B。25.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。A.聪明又幽默；B.善良又乐于助人；C.又蠢又无聊。根据上文 The young man always wanted to give back,even when he was cl
17、ose to death.His last wish was to donate his organs(器官)to save others.His act changed five Chinese lives for the better.这个年轻人总是想要回报，即使他快要死了。他最后的愿望是捐赠他的器官来拯救别人。他的行为改变了五个中国人的生活。通读全文，可知菲利普善良又乐于助人，故选 B。26.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文中 But this has been overlooked in recent years.Many teens do not value the import
18、ance of working hard.可知，近年来这一点一直被。许多青少年不重视努力工作的重要性。由此可以推断出这里 overlooked 指的是不好的意思，没有让青少年重视的意思，所以应该是“忽视”，故选 B。27.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中 Many teens do not value the importance of working hard.There is a teenager girl named Nancyshe could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.可知，通过举例 Nancy 的例子主要是说明青少年不重视努
19、力工作的重要性的结果，故选 B。28.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 Teens should master one or two life skills every year.These skills can include cooking,washing their own clothes and tiding their rooms.可知，A 选项不属于青少年要掌握的生活技能，故选A。29.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 The government has been trying to pay attention to the importance of hardwor
20、king spirit education(劳动教育).可知，政府一直在努力重视劳动教育的重要性，而不是不重视，所以 C 选项描述不正确，故选 C。30.【答案】C【解析】最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解及文章的开头 Teens will finally grow up some day,leaving their parents and facing the challenges in life alone,so they should learn basic life skills and form good working habits.以及结尾 The basic skills may
21、help teens to solve the problems they will meet in the future.可知，文章主要说的是劳动教育，故选 C。31.【答案】E【解析】句意：有人说人生就像爬山。根据前面的句子结构以及后句 I think our life is much like climbing a mountain.可知，这里应该是说“有人认为人生就像爬山”，与前一句形成对比，综合所给的选项可知，E 选项符合，故选 E。32.【答案】A【解析】句意：我们有一个选择。根据句意理解及后句 We can complain(抱怨)about how unfair it is t
22、o climb a new mountain every day.Or,we 5/7 can just make ourselves busy.可知，这里是两种不同的态度，所以这里应该是说“有一个选择”，综合所给的选项可知，A 选项比较符合，故选 A。33.【答案】F【解析】句意：我们可以停下来抱怨我们失去的进步。根据句意理解及前句 Here we also have another choice.以及后句 we can stand on our feet and begin climbing that mountain again.可知，这里说的是不好的方面，与空格后面的内容形成鲜明的对比，
23、后面说的是“站起来继续”，所以前面应该是说“停止不前”，综合所给的选项可知，F 选项比较合适，故选 F。34.【答案】C【解析】句意：相反，我们应该向前看。根据前句 We shouldnt spend the rest of our lives looking at where we used to be.可知，后面应该是表达“我们要”，与前面的内容相反，综合所给的选项，C 选项符合，故选 C。35.【答案】B【解析】句意：这不是问题所在。根据后句 The question is,“Can I take the next step in the right direction?”可知，这里应该
24、是一个过渡句，说的是上面说的都不是问题，综合所给的选项，B 选项符合，故选 B。36.【答案】really【解析】句意：我现在真的很想你们。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格在句中修饰的是动词 miss，修饰动词要用副词，所给词是形容词，所以变成副词要加 ly，故答案为 really。37.【答案】first【解析】句意：这是第一次在我生日那天没有和你们在一起。根据句意理解及空格前的 the 可知，这里表达的是“第一次”，英语中表达顺序要用序数词，one 的序数词是 first，故答案为 first。38.【答案】from【解析】句意：谢谢你们从英国寄来的生日礼物。根据句意理解可知，这里表达
25、的是“从英国寄来的礼物”，英语中表达“从”是介词 from，故答案为 from。39.【答案】had【解析】句意：昨天我和李华的家人开了一个生日聚会。根据句意理解可知，空格在句中作谓语，而句中的时间标志词是 yesterday，所以应该用过去时，所以动词要用过去式，故答案为 had。40.【答案】but【解析】句意：我们不能出去，但我们在家玩得很开心。根据句意理解可知，We couldnt go out 与 we enjoyed ourselves at home.前后两句是转折关系，用表示转折关系的连词是 but，故答案为 but。41.【答案】classes【解析】句意：我们已经上了好几天
26、网课了。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“上网课”，此处指的应该是很多课程，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为 classes。6/7 42.【答案】to make【解析】句意：当我有点不开心的时候，李华总是给我讲笑话让我开心。根据句意理解可知，空格表达的是“为了让我开心”，在句中做的是目的状语，英语应该用不定式表示，故答案为 to make。43.【答案】peaceful【解析】句意：现在这里的人们过着平静的生活。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格在句中修饰的是后面的名词 life，英语中修饰名词要用形容词，peace 是一个名词，变成形容词是 peaceful 故答案为 peaceful。4
27、4.【答案】How【解析】句意：中国人多善良啊！根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是一个感叹句，句子主语是 Chinese people，谓语是 are，主语前面是形容词 kind，所以这里应该用 how 引导，位于句首首字母要大写，故答案为 How。45.【答案】yourselves【解析】句意：亲爱的爸爸妈妈，请多多保重。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“照顾自己”，所以应该用反身代词，而这里是对 Mom 和 Dad 说，所以这里应该表示“你们自己”，故答案为 yourselves。五、46.【答案】What are you doing.【解析】根据 Im reading a passag
28、e in China Daily“我正在读中国日报上的一篇文章”，可知，此空询问对方正在做什么，句子用现在进行时 be doing 的结构，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，所以空格处填 What are you doing。故答案为 What are you doing?47.【答案】It talks about Confucian ideas.【解析】根据 What does it talk about“它讲了什么内容”及 Confucian(孔子的)ideas are still useful and popular in China“儒家思想在中国很有用也很受欢迎”，可知，此空回答这本书讲述
29、跟儒家思想有关的内容，故答案为 It talks about Confucian ideas.48.【答案】Can you tell me something about his famous ideas【解析】根据 Yes,I can.For example,one of his famous ideas in Chinese is“知之为知之，不知为不知。”可知，此空是由 can 引导的一般疑问句，且是让对方介绍儒家最著名的思想，位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故答案为 Can you tell me something about his famous ideas?49.【答案】What d
30、oes it mean【解析】根据 It means to be honest about what we know“它意味着要诚实对待我们所知道的事情”，可知，此空是询问“它意味着什么”，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，所以空格处填 What does it mean。故答案为What does it mean?50.【答案】Youre welcome.【解析】根据 Thank you，可知，别人表达感谢，我们要说“不客气”，所以空格处填 Youre welcome。故答案为 Youre welcome.六、51.【答案】Because we learn how to be independen
31、t.7/7【解析】根据文中 We thank people who give us up,because we learn how to be independent.可知，我们感谢那些放弃我们的人，因为我们学会了如何独立。故答案为：Because we learn how to be independent.52.【答案】No,we cant.【解析】根据文中 We should express our thanks with actions,not just words.可知，我们应该用行动来表达我们的感谢，而不仅仅是语言。故答案为 No,we cant.53.【答案】In order t
32、o thank my parents,I will help them cook breakfast and do housework.【解析】为了表达对父母的感谢，我们可以在平时有空时帮助父母做做家务，或者在周末帮父母准备早餐，故答案为：In order to thank my parents,I will help them cook breakfast and do housework.54.【答案】滴水之恩，当涌泉相报。【解析】If 如果，条件状语从句的连词；someone 有人，不定代词；gives 给，动词三单；you 你，人称代词；a little drop of water 一
33、小滴水；you 你，人称代词；should 应该，情态动词；return 返回，以相报；a spring of water 一泉水；整理之后可以看出，这里表达的是“当有人给你一滴水，你应该以一泉水去回报”，故答案为：滴水之恩，当涌泉相报。55.【答案】It is not easy for teachers to teach us.【解析】对于来说 for，介词；老师 teacher，可数名词，在句中可以用冠词来修饰或者用复数形式；教育 teach，动词；我们 we/us；是 is，不易的 not easy；整理之后可知看出，这里符合“对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的”，英语结构是 It is ad
34、j+for/of sb to do sth.，句中的形容词是 easy，是形容物的，所以应该用介词 for，故答案为：It is not easy for teachers to teach us.七、56.【答案】例文 Life lies in movement.Nowadays,doing sports is becoming more and more popular in China.As for me,I like taking part in different kinds of sports,like football,basketball,walking,swimming an
35、d so on.And I also like to watch sports matches.My favorite sport is swimming.I look like a lovely fish in the swimming pool.I enjoy swimming because it can make me strong and healthy.It can also bring me a lot of happiness.As we all know sports can keep us healthy,so now we students are encouraged
36、to do sports.Doing sports can make us look good and feel good.And doing sports regularly can even help us sleep better at night.【解析】1.题干解读：本题为话题作文，要求以“Sports”为题写一篇文章。文章用现在时，人称用第一人称。2.例文点评：例文分三段，首段用于引出话题，点出国内运动变得越来越受欢迎的事实。第二段作者提到了自己参加过的运动以及最喜欢的运动。第三段则提到了做运动对学生的好处，建议学生多做运动。例文思路清晰，叙述流畅，包含题目所给要点，并进行了适当拓
37、展，符合题目要求，是一篇合格的例文。3.高分亮点：短语：as for，take part in，different kinds of，and so on，look like，a lot of，as we all know。句型：（1）I enjoy swimming because it can make me strong and healthy.（because 引导原因状语从句、make 作使役动词）（2）Doing sports can make us look good and feel good.（动名词短语作主语）,英语试卷 第 1 页（共 14 页）英语试卷 第 2 页（共 1
38、4 页）绝密启用前 2020 年湖南娄底市初中毕业学业考试 英 语 第卷（选择题）一、听力理解 第一节 听下面 5 段对话，根据所听到的内容，选择相应的图画.听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟.听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间.1.A.B.C.2.A.B.C.3.A.B.C.4.A.B.C.5.A.B.C.第二节 听下面的对话或独白，每段对话或独白后各有一个或几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟.听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间.听下面的对话，回答第 6 小题.6.What
39、club will Jeff join?A.The chess club.B.The music club.C.The swimming club.听下面的对话，回答第 7 小题.7.What is Li Ziqi doing in the video?A.Making paper.B.Watching a video.C.Making delicious food.听下面的对话，回答第 8 小题.8.How often does Alan drink milk?A.Every day.B.Once a day.C.Twice a day.听下面的对话，回答第 9 小题.9.Where are
40、 the two speakers?A.In a bank.B.In a restaurant.C.In a classroom.听下面的对话，回答第 10 小题.10.How does Tim learn English well?A.By making word cards.B.By watching English movies.C.By practicing English more often.听下面的对话，回答第 11 至 12 小题.11.Why was Rick late for school this morning?A.His bike was sold.B.His bik
41、e was stolen.C.His bike was broken.12.How did Rick go to school later?A.On foot.B.By bus.C.By bike.听下面的对话，回答第 13 至 14 小题.13.What does the madam think of the blue T-shirt?A.Cheap.B.Expensive.C.Beautiful.14.How much is the white T-shirt?A.Twenty dollars.B.Thirty dollars.C.Fifty dollars.听下面的对话，回答第 15 至
42、 17 小题.15.What are they going to do tomorrow?-在-此-卷-上-答-题-无-效-毕业学校_ 姓名_ 考生号_ _ _ 英语试卷 第 3 页（共 14 页）英语试卷 第 4 页（共 14 页）A.Go shopping.B.Play soccer.C.Go for a picnic.16.What will the weather be like tomorrow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.17.When will they go to the beach?A.At 8:30.B.At 9:00.C.At 9:30.听下面一段独
43、白，回答第 18 至 20 小题.18.How old is Mary?A.Fourteen.B.Fifteen.C.Sixteen.19.Who likes reading?A.Linda.B.Lucy.C.Sam.20.What is Sam good at?A.Singing.B.Drawing.C.Writing.二、完形填空 I still remember the day when I reached my college.I met a special 1 ,a little old lady with a warm smile.She said,“Hi,young man!Im
44、 Rose.Im 87 years old.Can I give you a hug?”I said 2 .“Of course!”“Why are you in college at such an age?”I asked.She 3 ,“Im here to meet a rich husband,get married,have children,and then travel around the world.”“No,take it seriously.”I said.“I always dreamed of having a 4 education.Now Im getting
45、one!”she told me proudly.After a year,Rose became 5 .She could easily get on well with others wherever she went.She 6 to dress up and she enjoyed the attention from others.At the end of the term we invited Rose to 7 at our party.I can still remember what she said.“We do not stop 8 because we are old
46、;we grow old because we stop playing.Here are the secrets of staying young.You have to laugh and find humor every day.”“Whats more,its never too late to learn.9 you have a dream,its never too late to make it come true.”Finally we graduated from the college with Rose.Ill never 10 what she taught us.1
47、.A.friend B.neighbor C.classmate 2.A.angrily B.happily C.sadly 3.A.joked B.cried C.shouted 4.A.college B.primary school C.middle school 5.A.tired B.unhappy C.popular 6.A.feared B.hated C.loved 7.A.dance B.speak C.sing 8.A.thinking B.learning C.playing 9.A.If B.Unless C.Though 10.A.believe B.forget C
48、.remember 三、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，判断下列句子是否与短文内容相符，符合的写（A），不符合的写（B）.All living things on the earth need other living things to live with.Nothing lives alone.Sometimes one living thing kills another to live,so they form a food chain.Plants make food from sunlight,water,air and so on while some animals on(以为食)p
49、lants directly.For example,locusts(蝗虫)are small insects.Millions and millions of locusts in a group can eat anything that is green,including a lot of food that people need.In India,locusts have ever destroyed(破坏)many fields of crops.However,locusts can be food for birds,chickens,ducks or other livin
50、g things,even humans.Humans are at the top of the food chain,they eat not only locusts,but also birds,chickens,ducks or many other plants and animals.They are members of many food chains,but they often break up the food chains.英语试卷 第 5 页（共 14 页）英语试卷 第 6 页（共 14 页）Each form of life is linked(和有联系)to a