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1、1/10 2020年湖南省常德市初中学业水平考试 英语答案解析 第卷 第一部分 1.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.”可知,冠状病毒是在 20 世纪 60 年代发现的。故选 A。2.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“At the end of 2019,a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China.”可知,2019 年底,新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延,故选 A。3.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately,when viru
2、ses are transmitted from animals to people,it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.”(不幸的是,当病毒从动物传播给人类时,科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。)可知,文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗,选 B。4.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,病毒人传人的方式有两种:1.与被感染者接触;2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选 B。5.【答案】
3、C【解析】推理判断题。根据四位同学的回答 Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me;I guess I will learn more about computers and make super-smart computer programs;One day,I will share them with people by drawing and writing books;One day Ill join the national team and be another Lina,可知 Lily 将来卖衣服;Ryan 想学到更多关于计算
4、机的知识,并制作超级智能的计算机程序;Bill 想通过画画和写书来和人们分享他的故事;Anna 想有一天加入国家队,成为另一个 Lina。由此可推断出老师在问他们将来想干什么,故选 C。6.【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。them“它们”指代复数,根据上文 Those stories have always stayed in my mind.那些故事一直留在我的脑海里。可知 them 指代 stories,Bill 想通过画画和写书来和人们分享他的故事,故选 B。7.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题,根据上文 Ill keep strong by playing my favorite sport
5、,tennis,every day.可知她将通过每天玩最喜欢的运动网球来保持强壮。故选 A。2/10 8.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。A.Lily is good at making clothes.莉莉擅长做衣服。根据上文 Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me.可知对她来说,卖衣服是件好买卖,而不是她擅长做衣服。所以此项说法错误;B.One of Bills parents is an animal doctor.比尔的父母之一是动物医生。根据上文 Bill 的回答“My parents have kept lots of pets
6、 since I was little.”可知他的父母养过很多宠物,但不是动物医生,所以此项说法错误;C.Ryan enjoys meeting people on the Internet.瑞安喜欢在网上见人们。根据上文 Ryan 的回答“My hobbies are playing computer games and making friends online.We often share our funny stories by e-mail.”,可知他喜欢在网上交朋友,经常通过电子邮件分享有趣故事。所以此项说法正确,故选 C。9.【答案】B【解析】题意:填入文中空格处的最佳选项是什么
7、?推理判断题。根据上文 One second.Thats all it takes to make your life happier 可知,根据常识可知,一秒钟通常做不了什么事情,故此处说的一秒钟就能让生命更快乐,这一说法让人很难相信。B 选项 Dont believe it?“不相信吗?”符合题意,故选 B。10.【答案】C【解析】题意:单词“contagious”的中文意思是什么?词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Smiling can help you feel better instantly.”可知微笑能让你立即感觉很好,根据下文“And it can be contagious.So g
8、ive a smile to a total stranger on the street.”可知,笑容是会传染的,所以在街上遇到陌生人也应该多笑一笑。C 选项“有感染力的”符合题意,故选 C。11.【答案】B【解析】题意:你能做什么来保持皮肤健康?细节理解题。根据原文“Drinking water can help keep you hydrated,control calories,filter your kidneys,and keep healthy skin.”可知,喝水可以保持皮肤健康。B 选项 Drink some water“喝水”符合题意,故选 B。12.【答案】C【解析】题
9、意:本文中“second”的意思与下列哪一项的“second”意思相同?词句猜测题。原文中“second”的意思是“一秒钟”,C 选项 Can you just lift the table for a second?“你能把桌子抬一下吗?”其中,second意为“一秒钟”,故选 C。13.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“He stopped to look around,but didnt see anything except a little snake.”可知,当罗伯特听到有人叫他名字的时候,他看到了一条小蛇。故选 B。14.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ro
10、bert was too afraid to move away from the bench.”可知,当罗伯特看到那条蛇爬上长凳的时候,他感到很害怕。故选 C。3/10 15.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Im telling Robert,my pet snake,to get down from the bench,not you.”可知,这个女人的宠物蛇也叫罗伯特,所以当这位妇女对自己的宠物蛇说话的时候,罗伯特以为这个女人在叫他,所以他转过去和这个女人说话。故选 A。16.【答案】A【解析】最佳标题题。文中主要讲述了罗伯特在公园散步的时候遇到一条小蛇,这条蛇的名字也叫罗
11、伯特,在蛇的主人与蛇讲话的时候,罗伯特以为是在和自己讲话,结果发现不是,所以文章内容围绕“两个罗伯特”展开,最佳标题应为 Two Roberts。故选 A。17.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Happy,Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz;In a book that is itself a celebration,Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival.”可知,Happy,Happy Chinese New Year 是由黛米希茨所写的一本书。故选 A。18.【答案
12、】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing”可知,在新年到来之前,中国人忙着打扫和准备。故选 B。19.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Demi has long been interested in Eastern art and philosophy,which inspired her to create this book about the Chinese New Year celebration.”可知,黛米一直对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣,这本书是关
13、于中国新年庆典的,而且她还写了其他面向孩子的书,所以西方的孩子们最有可能阅读这本书,去了解中国的春节。故选 A。20.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music,physical movement,art,and food all add to the ambiance of taking an imaginary trip to China during the Chinese New Year.”可知,音乐,身体运动,艺术和食物都增加了在中国新年期间去中国旅行的氛围,所以当作者读了这本书以后,他们将有一个强烈的愿望,在春节期间访问中国。故选 B。第二部分 21.【答案】C【解
14、析】句意:他两年前开始上学,但他从来不能和其他孩子一起坐校车。考查副词辨析及语境。always 总是;often 经常;never 从不。根据下文“Because of a serious illness,he needs 22 care even on the way to school.His parents drive him to 23 each day.”可知,Kevin 患有重病,需要照顾,他不能坐校车上学,他的父母开车送他上学。故选 C。4/10【考点】副词辨析及语境 22.【答案】A【解析】句意:因为一场重病,他即使在上学的路上也需要特殊照顾。考查形容词辨析及语境。specia
15、l 特殊的,特别的;strange 奇怪的,陌生的;usual 通常的。根据句意和常识可知,Kevin 患有重病,所以需要特殊的照顾。故选 A。【考点】形容词辨析及语境 23.【答案】B【解析】句意:每天他的父母开车送他去学校。考查名词辨析及语境。work 工作;school 学校;home 家。根据上文“He started school two years ago but he has 21 been able to ride the school bus with the other kids.”可知,Kevin 不能和其他孩子一起坐校车上学,因此这里应说的是父母送他去学校。故选 B。【
16、考点】名词辨析及语境 24.【答案】A【解析】句意:当他听说服务犬可以让他坐公共汽车时,他想马上买一条。考查动词辨析及语境。wanted 想要;went 去;refused 拒绝。根据下文“However,his family didnt have that much 25 .So Kevin came up with an idea to raise money by selling 26 .”可知,Kevin 想通过卖菜来筹集钱买一条服务犬,所以这里表示“想要”,故选 A。【考点】动词辨析及语境 25.【答案】C【解析】句意:然而,他家里没有那么多钱。考查名词辨析及语境。food 食物;t
17、ime 时间;money 钱。根据下句话“So Kevin came up with an idea to raise money by selling 26 .”,Kevin 想要通过来筹钱,所以这里是说他的家里没有太多钱。故选 C。【考点】名词辨析及语境 26.【答案】B【解析】句意:所以 Kevin 想出了一个卖蔬菜来赚钱的主意。考查名词辨析及语境。fruit 水果;vegetables蔬菜;flowers 花。根据下文“In just a few weeks,Kevins vegetables were 32 .People even began giving 33 own veget
18、ables to Kevin to sell.”可知,Kevin 想通过卖菜来筹钱。故选 B。【考点】名词辨析及语境 27.【答案】C【解析】句意:Kevin 告诉他爸爸他的想法后,他爸爸帮他在院子里种蔬菜。考查动词辨析及语境。heard 听到,听说;said 说;thought 想;思考。根据上文“So Kevin came up with an idea to raise money by selling 26 .”可知,Kevin 想到了通过卖菜来筹钱,这里是他把自己的想法告诉了5/10 爸爸。故选 C。【考点】动词辨析及语境 28.【答案】B【解析】句意:9 月 26 日,为了让人们知
19、道 Kevin 的故事,Kevin 的爸爸在网上写了一篇文章,告诉人们Kevin 的遭遇和他想做的事情。考查名词辨析及语境。life 生活;story 故事;problem 问题。根据下文“The story touched many peoples hearts”可知,Kevin 的爸爸把 Kevin 的故事写成了文章,这个故事打动了很多人。故选 B。【考点】名词辨析及语境 29.【答案】B【解析】句意:9 月 26 日,为了让人们知道 Kevin 的故事,Kevin 的爸爸在网上写了一篇文章,告诉人们Kevin 的遭遇和他想做的事情。考查冠词辨析及语境。a 和 an 是不定冠词,修饰可数名
20、词单数,表示泛指一个;an 用元音音素前;the 是定冠词,修饰名词表示特指。根据句意可知,这里表示泛指“写了一篇文章”,并且空后的 article 是元音/a:/开头,应用 an 修饰。故选 B。【考点】冠词辨析及语境 30.【答案】A【解析】句意:9 月 26 日,为了让人们知道 Kevin 的故事,Kevin 的爸爸在网上写了一篇文章,告诉人们Kevin 的遭遇和他想做的事情。考查连词辨析及语境。根据句子结构可知,该空引导的是宾语从句。what 连接代词,什么,所的,在从句中作主语或宾语;which 哪一个;that 引导宾语从句时,没有意义,在从句中不作成分。根据句意和句子结构可知,该
21、空代指“他所做的事情”,在从句中作宾语,应用 what 引导。故选 A。【考点】连词辨析及语境 31.【答案】A【解析】句意:这个故事感动了许多人的心,他们想帮助 Kevin。考查连词辨析及语境。and 和,而且;but但是;or 或者;否则。根据句意可知,空前“touched many peoples hearts”和空后“wanted to lead Kevin a hand”是承接关系,应用 and 连接,故选 A。【考点】连词辨析及语境 32.【答案】C【解析】句意:仅仅几个星期,Kevin 的蔬菜就卖光了。考查动词短语辨析及语境。put out 扑灭;given out分发;发出;精
22、疲力竭;sold out 卖完。根据文意“People even began giving 33 own vegetables to Kevin to sell.”可知,有了人们的帮助,Kevin 的菜很快就卖完了。故选 C。【考点】动词短语辨析及语境 6/10 33.【答案】C【解析】句意:人们甚至开始把他们自己的蔬菜给 Kevin 卖。考查物主代词辨析及语境。our 我们的;your你的;their 他们的。根据句意可知,这句话的主语是 people,因此该空代指“人们的”,应用 their,故选C。【考点】物主代词辨析及语境 34.【答案】B【解析】句意:在其他人的帮助下,Kevin 总
23、共筹集了 21,000 多美元。考查动词辨析及语境。sent 发送;寄;raised 筹集;donated 捐赠。根据上文“So Kevin came up with an idea to raise money by selling 26 .”可知,Kevin 卖菜是为了筹钱买服务犬。故选 B。【考点】动词辨析及语境 35.【答案】A【解析】句意:Kevin 说他会用这笔钱买一只服务犬,然后把剩下的钱给其他需要帮助的孩子。考查介词辨析及语境。to 到;for 为了;因为;from 从,来自。根据句子结构可知,这句话使用了 give sth.to sb.这个短语,意为“把某物给某人”,故选 A
24、。【考点】介词辨析及语境 第卷 36.【答案】your【解析】句意:那是你的书包吗?不,它不是。空格后接名词 schoolbag,要用形容词性物主代词作定语。you 是人称代词主格或宾格,其对应的形容词性物主代词是 your,所以空格处填 your。故答案为 your。37.【答案】strawberries【解析】句意:他们喜欢梨,但他们不喜欢草莓。strawberry 草莓,可数名词,根据“pears”提示可知,这里的“草莓”是广泛意义上的草莓,所以用复数形式,故答案是 strawberries。38.【答案】on【解析】句意:周五我很忙。根据句意可知,这里指的是“在周五”,“Friday”
25、星期五,具体到某一天,用介词 on,故答案是 on。39.【答案】is using【解析】句意:他正在干什么?他正在使用电脑。根据问句“What is he doing?”可知,时态要用现在进行时,结构是 be doing,主语是 he,所以 be 动词用 is,use 要变成 using,故答案是 is using。40.【答案】to answer【解析】句意:老师让本在课堂上回答一个问题。空格处所给参考单词为 answer。ask sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“叫某人去做某事”,符合句意,故答案为 to answer。7/10 41.【答案】faster【解析】句意:你读的越
26、多,速度就越快。空格处实际位于 be 动词后,所以要用形容词作表语。固定搭配:the+比较级,the+比较级“越,越”,所以空格处填形容词比较级 faster。故答案为 faster。42.【答案】sat【解析】句意:他坐下来开始读报纸。sit 坐,是一个动词。根据句子结构可知,句中 and 连接了两个并列的谓语动词 sit 和 began,形式应一致,因此这个空也应用过去式,sit 的过去式是不规则的变化。故答案为sat。43.【答案】because【解析】句意:我喜欢狗是因为它们很友好也很聪明。分析句子这是一个复合句,根据“theyre friendly and smart”可知,这是我喜
27、欢狗的原因,所以本句是 because 引导的原因状语从句,故答案是 because。44.【答案】What【解析】句意:他是多么聪明的一个孩子!根据句子结构,可知,原句是一个感叹句,结构为:how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语;what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语;what+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语。clever 是形容词,boy 是名词,所以用 what 的感叹句结构,位于句首的单词首字母要大写,所以空格处填 What。故答案为 What。45.【答案】Chinese【解析】句意:ginseng 这个词来源于中国的“人参”这个词。China 中国,是一个名词。空
28、后 word 是名词,因此该空应用形容词形式 Chinese,意为“中国的”,作定语,修饰名词。故答案为 Chinese。46.【答案】How much【解析】句意:你需要多少酸奶?我需要一杯酸奶。yogurt 酸奶,不可数名词,根据“one cup of yogurt”可知,对“量的多少”进行提问,用 how much,句首首字母大写,故答案是 How much。47.【答案】If【解析】句意:如果你参加聚会,你会玩得很开心。根据句意可知,“参加聚会”是“玩得很开心”的假设条件,本句是 if 引导的条件状语从句,句首首字母大写,故答案是 If。48.【答案】was invented【解析】句
29、意:1876 年,亚历山大格雷厄姆贝尔发明了电话。根据“in 1876”及“by Alexander Graham Bell”分析可知,本句考查的是一般过去时的被动语态,结构是 was/were done;the telephone 作主语,be 动词用 was,invent 过去分词是 invented,故答案是 was invented。【考点】一般过去时的被动语态 49.【答案】up【解析】句意:让我们去看望住院的孩子们,让他们高兴起来。根据句意和空前的 cheer 可知,这里考查的8/10 是短语 cheer sb.up,意为“使某人振作起来,使高兴起来”。故答案为 up。【考点】短语
30、 cheer sb.up 50.【答案】must【解析】句意:那件毛衣一定是卡拉的。只有她穿这么鲜艳的衣服。根据“Only she wears such colorful clothes.”可知,这里是肯定猜测,这件毛衣一定是卡拉的,must 一定,故答案是 must。第三部分 51.【答案】So what will the world be like in the future?【解析】分析句子可知,本句是一般将来时的特殊疑问句,结构是:疑问词+will+主语+谓语+其他?so 那么,句首首字母大写;whatbe like是什么样;the world 世界;in the future 未来。
31、套入结构,故答案是So what will the world be like in the future?52.【答案】科学家们认为,我们只需打开厨房里的打印机,然后就能享用我们最爱的食物。【解析】分析句子可知,这是一个 that 引导的宾语从句,scientists believe 科学家们认为;need to 需要;turn on a printer in the kitchen 打开厨房的打印机;enjoy our favourite food 享用我们最爱的食物。故答案是科学家们认为,我们只需打开厨房里的打印机,然后就能享用我们最爱的食物。53.【答案】5G networks wil
32、l allow more people to get information.【解析】分析句子可知,本句时态是一般将来时。结构:主语+will+动词原形+其他。5G networks 5G 网络;allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事;more people 更多的人;get information 获得信息。故答案是 5G networks will allow more people to get information.54.【答案】太空旅行将是小菜一碟。【解析】分析句子可知,本句是一般将来时。space tours 太空旅行;a piece of cake 小菜一碟。故答
33、案是:太空旅行将是小菜一碟。55.【答案】但它们也将被用于其他领域。【解析】分析句子可知,本句是一般将来时的被动语态。but 但是;be used in 被用于;other areas 其他领域;as well 也。故答案是:但它们也将被用于其他领域。56.【答案】Because they are planning to give a party at her new house.【解析】根据 You know,my family and I moved into our country house one month ago.The kids are planning to give a p
34、arty at our new house,可知,安吉莉卡一个月前搬到了新房子,孩子们打算在新房子里开派对,所以安吉莉卡邀请朋友参加派对。故答案为 Because they are planning to give a party at her new house.57.【答案】The party will begin at 11:00 a.m.on Saturday.【解析】根据 The party will begin at 11:00 a.m.on Saturday,可知,派对在周六的上午 11 点开始,故答案为 The party will begin at 11:00 a.m.on
35、Saturday.9/10 58.【答案】Yes,there is.【解析】根据 After you get off train,take the road in front of the station.Follow it and youll see a chicken farm,可知,在火车站附近有一个养鸡场,所以答案是肯定的,故答案为 Yes,there is.59.【答案】P1.【解析】根据 After you get off train,take the road in front of the station.Follow it and youll see a chicken fa
36、rm.Dont make any turns.Keep going and youll see a bridge.Cross the bridge and there will be a big tree on your left.Walk past the tree,take the first right turn,and then walk for five more minutes,可知,下了火车后,沿着车站前面的马路一直走,会看到一个养鸡场,不要转弯继续走,会看到一座桥。走过这座桥,在左手边有一棵大树,走过这棵大树,在第一个路口右转,然后再走五分钟,根据这个路线,可推断,安吉莉卡住在
37、 P1,故答案为 P1。60.【答案】They will feel happy at the party on Saturday.【解析】根据 There will be lots of food and drinks,可知,派对上准备了许多食物和饮料,所以孩子们在派对上会感到很开心。故答案为 They will feel happy at the party on Saturday.61.【答案】例文:Dear Angelica,Im glad to receive your letter last time.First of all,congratulations on your sett
38、lement to the new house,which is so warm and comfortable that Id like to have a look at once.The small independent garden is the best design in the house,and also a good place to relax.Secondly,I really appreciate your invitation of the house-warming party.Id love to,but I cant.As you know,the Natio
39、nal Piano Grading Test is coming,my course schedule on these days is already full.I have to devote myself to the preparation until the end of the test.At last,its a great pity that I cant come to your party.But Ive prepared a gift for you and I hope you will like it.May your party be a great success
40、 and enjoy yourself that day!Yours,Alan【解析】1.题干解读:这是一篇书信作文。本文要求按照提示要点写一封回信,写作中注意要包含所有的提示要点,可适当发挥。时态以一般现在时为主,人称是第一人称。2.例文点评:本文采用两段式,第一段:(1)恭喜对方乔迁之喜;(2)告诉对方因为要准备钢琴等级考试无法参加聚会;(3)表示很遗憾并准备了礼物;第二段以祝福结尾。文章紧扣题目要点,内容完整,结构清晰,语言表达到位。3.高分亮点:短语:be glad to;sothat;would like(love)to;have a look;at once;have to;dev
41、ote myself to;prepare 10/10 for;the end of;enjoy yourself。句型:First of allSecondlyAt last;which 引导的非限制性定语从句;sothat引导的结果状语从句;and 并列句;but 并列复合句;As you know;its+名词+that 从句。英语试卷 第 1 页(共 10 页)英语试卷 第 2 页(共 10 页)绝密启用前 2020 年湖南省常德市初中学业水平考试 英 语 考生注意:1.请在试题卷首填写好准考证号及姓名。2.请将答案填写在答题卡上,填写在试题卷上的无效。3.本学科试题卷共 10 页,3
42、 部分,满分 100 分,考试时量 90 分钟。第卷 第一部分 阅读技能(共 20 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 40 分)阅读下面的材料,从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题。A What are coronaviruses?Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.They are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds.In humans,coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections.The n
43、ew coronavirus.At the end of 2019,a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China.This type of coronavirus is often called 2019-nCoV,novel coronavirus,or COVID-19.It is believed that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans.Some of the first cases were diagnosed in people who had visite
44、d a market selling live seafood and animals.Unfortunately,when viruses are transmitted from animals to people,it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.How does the virus spread?The virus appears to spread mainly from person to person.The transmis
45、sion occurs when someone comes into contact with an infected person.For example,a cough,a sneeze or a handshake could cause transmission.The spread may also be caused by coming into contact with something an infected person has touched and then touching your mouth,nose or eyes.1.When were coronaviru
46、ses discovered?A.In the 1960s.B.In the 1970s.C.In the 1980s.2.Where did the new coronaviruses start spreading at the end of 2019?A.In China.B.In America.C.All over the world.3.Is it easy for the doctors to cure COVID-19?A.Yes,it is.B.No,it isnt.C.Not mentioned.4.How many ways are mentioned for the s
47、pread of the new coronaviruses?A.1.B.2.C.3.B Below is how four students answered their teachers question in class.Lily I like shopping and talking to people.I think I can learn how to do business.Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me.Ryan My hobbies are playing computer games and making fr
48、iends online.We often share our funny stories by e-mail.I guess I will learn more about computers and make super-smart computer programs.Bill My parents have kept lots of pets since I was little.Weve experienced many things together,good and bad,happy and sad.Those stories have always stayed in my m
49、ind.One day,I will share them with people by drawing and writing books.Anna Though my mom and two sisters are all doctors,Im sure I will stay as far away from a hospital as I can.I hate being sick,and Im afraid of seeing sick people looking weak and sad.Ill keep strong by playing my favorite sport,t
50、ennis,every day.One day Ill join the national team and be another Lina.5.What question did the teacher most likely ask in class?A.What do you like to talk about with your friends?B.Whats your plan for the coming vacation?C.What do you want to do in the future?6.What does the underlined word“them”mea