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1、湖南省部分市2019-2020年高一下学期英语期末考试试题精选汇编阅读理解专题01【郴州市2019-2020高一下学期】第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATaking online classes is becoming increasingly popular,but students have different opinions about it.Zhou Lan:I love taking online courses.They giv
2、e me a lot more choices and freedom.We can choose to learn whatever we want.Also,online classes enable us to study whenever and wherever we want,which is very convenient.Liu Bing:I dont think taking online classes is a good way to study.There are many temptations(诱惑)on the Internet.Students can be d
3、istracted(使分心)from their courses easily.The whole learning process is not as organized as it is in the classroom.Wu Wei:Online classrooms are beneficial.We might feel more concentrated on learning when we are alone in front of a computer with no one to distract us.In addition,taking courses online a
4、lso means we can have more time to use a computer,which is a good way to practice our computer skills.Liao Siying:I think the idea of taking online courses is crazy.It can increase our exposure(接触)to computers and the radiation(辐射)from them could do harm to the human body,especially our eyes.Also,si
5、tting in front of a computer for a long time without exercising can be harmful to our health.1. How many students support online learning?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.2. Zhou Lan thinks that taking online courses is convenient because_.A. students can take online courses freelyB. she feels it chea
6、p to take online coursesC. it helps improve studentscomputer skillsD. students can feel more concentrated on learning3. According to Liao Siying,taking online courses_.A. can be beneficial in many waysB. causes a lot of distractionsC. will make students go crazyD. is harmful to studentshealth4. What
7、s the passage mainly about?A. Ways of studying on the Internet.B. Opinions on taking online courses.C. Suggestions for taking online courses.D. Ideas on becoming organized learners.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B【解析】本文是议论文。在线课程越来越受到欢迎。学生们对此褒贬不一，文章给出四个学生的不同意见。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Zhou Lan:I love taking online cours
8、es.（我喜欢上网络课程）和Wu Wei:Online classrooms are beneficial.（在线课堂是有益的）可知，两个学生支持上网课。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Also, online classes enable us to study whenever and wherever we want, which is very convenient.（此外，网络课程让我们可以随时随地学习，这是非常方便）可知，周兰认为上网上课程很方便因为学生可以自由上课。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Also,sitting in front of a com
9、puter for a long time without exercising can be harmful to our health.（此外，长时间坐在电脑前不锻炼会对我们的健康有害）可知，廖思英认为长时间坐在电脑面前不锻炼可能对我们的健康有害。故选D。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的Taking online classes is becoming increasingly popular,but students have different opinions about it.可知，参加网上课程越来越受欢迎，但学生对此有不同的看法。因此推断文章主要阐述了上网课的意见。故选B。B
10、The triathlon is a demanding sport. Many say that it is a real test of an athletes body and mind. It is difficult because it is three sports in one. It includes swimming for 13. 86 kilometers, bicycling for 180 kilometers, and running for 42. 2 kilometers. The top triathletes finish all three events
11、 in about 8 hours. This sport is a real challenge. First, it takes time to train for competitions. Some people spend up to 8 months training for the race. Second, it takes money to compete. The equipment is not cheap. Bicycles for this event can cost up to$10, 000. Top-quality swimming gear (用具) and
12、 running shoes are expensive. Third, athletes must have strong minds. It takes willpower (意志力) to push themselves to keep training to reach their goal. The triathlon is a recent sport. Triathlons began in California in the early 1970s. In 1978, competitors held the first professional triathlon race
13、in Hawaii. In 1982, this race became famous because of the televised performance of Julie Moss. It was her first competition. Exhausted, she was running toward the finish line. Suddenly, 3 meters before the line, she fell down. She tried to get up, but she kept falling. She finally crawled (爬) acros
14、s the finish line. She lost that year, but she tried again. Finally, in 1985, she won. This was the start of the triathlons popularity. Today, triathlons are much more popular among ordinary athletes. People of all ages can compete, as long as they are in good physical condition. In fact, it has bec
15、ome a great family sport. Triathletes are special people who have time in their lives for careers (事业) and families. Most are highly educated and earn top salaries (薪水) in their jobs. Many triathletes are happily married. In fact, two-thirds of triathletes say that their training has a positive infl
16、uence on their marriages. Today, the triathlon is an Olympic sport and a respected event worldwide. 5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The origin of the triathlon.B. The rules of the triathlon.C. The reasons why the triathlon is hard.D. The steps to prepare for the triathlon.6. What made the tri
17、athlon become well-known?A. The influence of TV in Hawaii.B The live broadcast on the Internet.C. The form of the sportthree in one.D. The unbelievable performance of an athlete.7. Most triathletes attitude towards the triathlon is_.A. supportiveB. unfavorableC. uncertainD. worried【答案】5. C 6. D 7. A
18、【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，铁人三项的起源和受欢迎度，是一项要求很高的运动。【5题详解】主旨大意题。由第二段“This sport is a real challenge. First, it takes time to train for competitions. Some people spend up to 8 months training for the race. Second, it takes money to compete. The equipment is not cheap. Bicycles for this event can cost up to$10,
19、 000. Top-quality swimming gear (用具) and running shoes are expensive. Third, athletes must have strong minds. It takes willpower (意志力) to push themselves to keep training to reach their goal.”（这项运动是一项真正的挑战。首先，训练比赛需要时间。有些人花了长达8个月的时间训练比赛。第二，竞争需要钱。设备不便宜。这次活动的自行车价格高达1万美元。上等的游泳用具和跑鞋都很贵。第三，运动员必须有坚强的意志。它需要
20、意志力来推动自己不断地训练以达到目标。），可知第二段主要讲铁人三项赛难的原因。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“In 1982, this race became famous because of the televised performance of Julie Moss. It was her first competition. Exhausted, she was running toward the finish line. Suddenly, 3 meters before the line, she fell down. She tried to get up,
21、 but she kept falling. She finally crawled (爬) across the finish line. She lost that year, but she tried again. Finally, in 1985, she won. This was the start of the triathlons popularity.”（1982年，这场比赛因为朱莉莫斯的电视表现而出名。这是她第一次参加比赛。她筋疲力尽，朝终点跑去。突然，在队伍前方3米处，她摔倒了。她试图站起来，但一直摔倒。她终于爬过了终点线。那一年她输了，但她再试了一次。最后，在1985
22、年，她赢了。这是铁人三项运动流行的开始。），可推断出是运动员令人难以置信的表现让铁人三项运动闻名于世。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“In fact, two-thirds of triathletes say that their training has a positive influence on their marriages. Today, the triathlon is an Olympic sport and a respected event worldwide.”（事实上，三分之二的铁人说他们的训练对他们的婚姻有积极的影响。今天，铁人三项是一项奥林匹克运
23、动，是全世界受人尊敬的活动。），可知铁人训练有好处，可推断出大多数铁人支持铁人三项。故选A项。CThe more you know about how colleges in the United States choose their students, the better chance you will have to get in. If you understand how to evaluate yourself, how to research schools, and how to see differences between one college and another,
24、 your chances will be very great.You will be choosing 10 or 12 colleges that you must get to know very well. You can read about them, research them online, and find other Chinese students at the school. You can email them about campus life. Find the email address of the admissions office on the coll
25、ege website and ask for the names and email addresses of other Chinese students.Try hard to keep an open mind, as you research the hundreds of colleges in the US. The more you learn what a particular college is like, even if you have never heard of it before, the more informed choices you will be ab
26、le to make.That means collecting information from many sources(来源).Its easy to believe what others say, things like “Someone told me that Colorado College is too small,” and “Someone told me that Michigan is too big.” The truth is that every college has something for someone. There is no college tha
27、t is wonderful for everyone. Not even the Ivy League schools(常春藤盟校)!Just because you have heard the name of a college does not mean it will be a good place for you. Just because you have not heard the name of a college does not mean that you will not like it.Look at four-year accredited(鉴定合格的) resid
28、ential(住宿的) colleges where at least 75 percent of the students live on campus. You must apply to some that are easier to get into than others. The typical residential college of 2,000 students feels different from a state university of 20,000 students. Most colleges of 2,000 are communities where ev
29、eryone gets to know each other, and professors spend a lot of time with the students.8. What is the authors main purpose in writing this article?A. To recommend some US colleges.B. To give tips on choosing US colleges.C. To tell readers how to get into Ivy League schools.D. To introduce some sources
30、 of information on US colleges.9. If you want to go to college in the US, you should_.A. learn about as many colleges as you canB. compare US colleges with Chinese onesC. do a careful research before making a decisionD. contact admissions officers for information about teachers10. According to the p
31、assage, youd better apply for_.A. Ivy League schoolsB. four-year accredited residential collegesC. state universities of around 20,000 studentsD. residential colleges with lots of Chinese students【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。你对美国大学如何选择学生了解得越多，你就越有可能被录取。如果你知道如何评估自己，如何研究学校，以及如何看到不同大学之间的差异，你的机会将会非常大。
32、文章主要就如何选择美国的大学提供了一些建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段The more you know about how colleges in the United States choose their students, the better chance you will have to get in. If you understand how to evaluate yourself, how to research schools, and how to see differences between one college and another, your cha
33、nces will be very great.可知你对美国大学如何选择学生了解得越多，你就越有可能被录取。如果你知道如何评估自己，如何研究学校，以及如何看到不同大学之间的差异，你的机会将会非常大。结合文章主要就如何选择美国的大学提供了一些建议。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提供一些选择美国大学的建议。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中If you understand how to evaluate yourself, how to research schools, and how to see differences between one college and an
34、other, your chances will be very great.可知如果你知道如何评估自己，如何研究学校，以及如何看到不同大学之间的差异，你的机会将会非常大。以及第三段Try hard to keep an open mind, as you research the hundreds of colleges in the US. The more you learn what a particular college is like, even if you have never heard of it before, the more informed choices you
35、 will be able to make.可知当你研究美国数百所大学时，尽量保持开放的心态。你对某所大学了解得越多，即使你以前从未听说过它，你也能做出更明智的选择。由此可知，如果你想去美国上大学，你应该在做决定前仔细研究一下。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Look at four-year accredited(鉴定合格的) residential(住宿的) colleges where at least 75 percent of the students live on campus. You must apply to some that are easier to
36、get into than others.可知看看四年制认证的住宿学院，那里至少有75%的学生住在校园里。你必须申请一些比较容易进入的学校。典型的2000名学生的住宿学院和2万名学生的州立大学感觉不同。由此可知，你最好申请四年鉴定合格的住宿学院。故选B。02【怀化市2019-2020高一下学期】第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhere in the world would you most like to live? According to an annual stat
37、istics by the Economist Intelligence Unit, you should think about Vienna The magazine again rated it as one of the worlds “most livable” cities. Winning for the second year in a row, the Austrian capital scored top marks for all three categories: culture, environment and infrastructure.CultureBeatin
38、g more popular cities like London and New York, Vienna has culture as its trump card (王牌). Whether your passion is art, music or history, Vienna has something for you. The Kunsthistorisches national museum has one of Europes largest art collections, including the worlds largest collection of works b
39、y Dutch artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Meanwhile, the Hofburg Imperial Palace is free to explore. Music lovers can enjoy Viennas Annual Summer Night Concert, played by the Vienna Philharmonic (爱乐乐团). It attracts over 10.000 people-what else can you expect from the home of Mozart?EnvironmentAs well
40、 as being a cultural mecca (胜地), Viennas environment are world-class. The city has many green areas, such as the Neue Donau hiking tail, and an average PM 2.5 level of just 18, which is far below the international standard, according to the WHO.InfrastructureThis was, in part, achieved by Viennas tr
41、ansport system. In 2013 the government introduced the euro-a-day system to get more people to use regional trains. It worked! Over half of the residents have annual travel cards, making it both reliable and cheap by European standards. Not to mention, you can take a tram and get up close with Vienna
42、s architectural landmarks, like the Burg Theatre and St. Stephans Cathedral. Austrian author Karl Kraus famously said, “The streets of Vienna are paved with culture, the streets of other cities with asphalt (柏油).” So if youre looking for a safe cultural city, Vienna could be your best choice.1. Wher
43、e can a music lover go in Vienna?A. To the Kunsthistorisches National Museum.B. To the Hofburg Imperial Palace.C. To the Viennas Annual Summer Night Concert.D. To the St. Stephans Cathedral.2. What can we know about Vienna according to the passage?A. Vienna was awarded as one of the worlds “most liv
44、able” cities for the first time.B. Vienna is one of the popular cities which are full of cultural atmosphere.C. The PM 2.5 level in Vienna is just above the international standard.D. People can visit Viennas architectural landmarks by using regional trains.3. What can we infer from the last paragrap
45、h?A. Vienna is an ancient city with modem facilities.B. People can experience different lifestyles in Vienna.C. Vienna is not as developed as other cities.D. Vienna is a destination for people who like culture.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要通过文化，环境和基础设施三个方面介绍了维也纳的旅游观光价值和可由游览性。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段倒
46、数第二句“ Music lovers can enjoy Viennas Annual Summer Night Concert, played by the Vienna Philharmonic (爱乐乐团).”可知，音乐爱好者可以欣赏维也纳的年度夏夜音乐会，故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第一段句子“ The magazine again rated it as one of the worlds “most livable” cities. ”可知，杂志再次将它评为世界上“最宜居”的城市之一，不是第一次，故A选项错误。由第三段最后一句“.an average PM 2.5 leve
47、l of just 18, which is far below the international standard.”可知，平均pm2.5水平只有18，远低于国际标准，而C选项说高于国际标准，故C选项错误。根据第四段句子“.you can take a tram and get up close with Viennas architectural landmarks.”可知，你还可以乘坐有轨电车，近距离欣赏维也纳的标志性建筑，而不是直接乘坐有轨电车进入标志性建筑内参观，故D选项错误。由第二段句子“Vienna has culture as its trump card (王牌).”和最后
48、一段句子“The streets of Vienna are paved with culture, the streets of other cities with asphalt (柏油).So if youre looking for a safe cultural city, Vienna could be your best choice”可知，文化为维也纳的王牌，维也纳的街道都铺有文化，即到处都充满着文化的气息，故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由第四段句子 “The streets of Vienna are paved with culture, the streets of other cities with asphalt (柏油).So if youre looking for a safe cultural city, Vienna could be your best choice” 可知，维也纳街道到处铺满文化，如果你正在寻找一个安全的文化城市，维也纳可能是你的最佳选择。可推知喜欢感受文化的人可以去维也纳。其他三个选项文章均未提及，故选D项。【点睛】阅读理解中，三选一类型的题