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1、1.B4U5 构词法构词法 word of formation2.B4U4 过去分词过去分词 past participle3.B4U3 现在分词现在分词 present participle4.B4U2 动名词动名词 gerund5.B4U1主谓一致主谓一致 subject-verb agreement6.B3U3,5名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause7.B3U1,2情态动词情态动词 modal verbB4U4 过去分词过去分词 past participle1.过去分词做表语，记住以下词做表语时，无过去分词做表语，记住以下词做表语时，无被动意义，表示状态，并要记住典型例句：被动
2、意义，表示状态，并要记住典型例句：seated.; dressed; drunk; lost; hidden; interested; surprised; excitedEg1: Dressed in red, he was easily picked out in the crowd.Eg2: Lost in the forest, he felt frightened.B4U3 现在分词现在分词 present participle1. The teacher made his students plant the trees. The students were made to pla
3、nt the trees by their teacher.2. 过去分词完成式过去分词完成式 having done，强调，强调done 这这个动个动作发生在主句动作之前，已经完成的动作作发生在主句动作之前，已经完成的动作。Eg: Having worked for tree hours, he felt tired.现在分词与过去分词比较现在分词与过去分词比较相同点相同点不同点不同点1.都做定语都做定语2.都做表语都做表语3.都做宾补：都做宾补：感官动词，使役动词，感官动词，使役动词，with/without4.都做状语：原因，时间，条件，让步，都做状语：原因，时间，条件，让步，伴随伴随1
4、.现在分词表示主动意义，正在进行的动作现在分词表示主动意义，正在进行的动作2.过去分词表示被动意义，已经完成的动作过去分词表示被动意义，已经完成的动作B4U2 动名词动名词 gerund1.It做形式主语，常用结构：做形式主语，常用结构：*It is no use/no good/useless doing *It is nice/good/interesting doing2.动名词做宾语动名词做宾语 *只跟只跟doing的动词：的动词：admit; avoid; appreciate; consider; mind; suggest; escape*need, require; want表
5、示需要时，其后用表示需要时，其后用doing表示被动：表示被动：The trees needed watering.3.动名词复合结构：动名词复合结构：1.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词（his/her/our/their）2.人称代词宾格人称代词宾格（us/him/her/them）3.名词所有格名词所有格 （ Jims / teams）4.名词普通格名词普通格 （ Jim/team）+V-ing*若动名词复合结构放在若动名词复合结构放在句首，只能用句首，只能用1和和3两种两种形式形式非谓语动词解题思路非谓语动词解题思路1.动名词动名词doing2.现在分词现在分词 doing3.过去分词
6、过去分词 done4.动词不定式动词不定式 to do一、分析句子结构一、分析句子结构1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times, he still couldnt understand it.A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had told3. _to the left, youll find the post office.4. If you _to the left, youll find the post offic
7、e.5. _to the left , and youll find the post office .A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. TurnedCCCAA二、分析逻辑主语二、分析逻辑主语1. Written in a hurry, _ . How can it be satisfactory? A. they found many mistakes in the report B. Sam made lots of mistakes in the report C. There are plenty of mistakes in the report D.
8、 The report is full of mistakes2. _ several times, the young man still kept on making his experiments. A. Failed B. failing C. having failed D. having been failed逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。则须加上自己的逻辑主语。 DC三、分析语态三、分析语态1. _from space , the earth looks blue .2._from space , we
9、 can see the earth is blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See3. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded4. They found the man_ in a chair with his eyes _ on an old woman. A. seating; fixe
10、d B. seating; fixing C. sitting; fixing D. sitting; fixedABCD四、分析时态四、分析时态在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态。时间问题，即时态。1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.A. having been built B. to be buil
11、t C. being built D. built 4. He stood there _for his mother . 5. _for two hours , he went away .A.waiting B. to wait C. waited D. Having waitedCBDDAB4U1主谓一致主谓一致 subject-verb agreement*背熟主谓一致专项练习中的填空，记住经常出背熟主谓一致专项练习中的填空，记住经常出现的词汇的主谓一致，如现的词汇的主谓一致，如family, means, with, or, politics, not onlybut alsoB3U
12、1,2情态动词情态动词 modal verb1.mustnt: neednt: cant : may not: shouldnt:不准，禁止不准，禁止没必要没必要= dont have to不可能不可能不可以；可能不不可以；可能不不应该不应该 = oughtnt to2. -May I use your pen? Yes, you can. -No, you cant/mustnt.3. Need I finish the work?-Yes, you must. -No, you neednt/dont have to.4. 对过去发生的事情的猜测：对过去发生的事情的猜测：情态动词情态动词+
13、have done5. shall 的两种用法的两种用法*用于第一、三人称疑问句，表示征求，询问意见用于第一、三人称疑问句，表示征求，询问意见*用于第一、二人称肯定用于第一、二人称肯定/否定句，表示命令，警否定句，表示命令，警告，允诺等告，允诺等主语从句主语从句 Attention(Attention(讲义讲义) )1.主语从句位于主语从句位于句首句首时必须由时必须由连接词引导连接词引导。 That he is a doctor surprised all of us.2.从句作主语时，一般情况下谓语动词用从句作主语时，一般情况下谓语动词用单数单数3.以以what引导的主语从句，一般不变成引导
14、的主语从句，一般不变成由由it 作形式主语的句型。作形式主语的句型。It is wrong what you said. Where and when he was born has not been found.1.在表语从句中，表在表语从句中，表“是否是否” 时，只能用时，只能用 “whether”不能用不能用“if”。2.一般情况下，一般情况下，“that”不能省。不能省。3. It is because / It is why4. The reason why is thatHe was punished; it is because he had broke the law.He h
15、ad broke the law; it is why he was punished.The reason why he was punished was that he had broke the law.表语从句注意点表语从句注意点宾语从句注意点宾语从句注意点1.语序语序2.时态时态3.否定的转移否定的转移4.That取舍取舍5.It作形式宾语作形式宾语uI have heard that he will come tomorrow .u当主句是I/ We think (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine)uI dont know what
16、is the matter the troublewrong with him.u当出现两个或两个以上宾语从句时，最后一个当出现两个或两个以上宾语从句时，最后一个从句前从句前thatthat不能省略。不能省略。1.跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。常用名词有常用名词有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opinion, advice, suggestion等。等。注意：注意：1. 1.同位语从句多用that 引导，无意义, 不可省。2. 2
17、.在have no idea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。I have no idea where he has gone.定语从句和同位语从句的区别：定语从句和同位语从句的区别：从句功能that在从句中作用 that是否能省略 同位语从句定语从句对先行词对先行词作解释作解释对先行词对先行词作限制作限制不作成分不作成分作成分（主语作成分（主语/宾语）宾语）不能省略不能省略作宾语时可以作宾语时可以省略省略Rule: that +完整句子完整句子 同位语从句同位语从句 that +不完整句子不完整句子 定语从句定语从句The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.