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1、2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习选择性必修第二册 Unit 1阅读题组练速度I .阅读ASharks are amazing creatures.They are known as the deadliest hunters in the sea.Fortunately most are not,but there are some kinds of sharks that can be extremely dangerous.Look at these short descriptions of four kinds of sharks.The Great White Shark
2、The Great White Shark is one of the most frightening creatures in the sea.They live in tropical and subtropical waters,and they can grow up to 9 meters long.Most Great White Sharks are actually grey,blue or brown with a white belly,and their powerful teeth are triangles with edges like saws.The Whal
3、e SharkWhale Sharks are the largest kind of shark in the world up to 11 meters in length.They live in tropical waters all around the world,but they are not dangerous.Whale Sharks are brown or grey with white or yellow stripes.They often travel near the surface of the sea.The Mako SharkMako Sharks ar
4、e fierce predators.They come from the same family of sharks as the Great White Shark and they are especially fast-they can swim at speeds of up to 65 kilometers per hour.They are large bluish sharks found in the Atlantic Ocean,Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean.Mako Sharks can grow up to 3 meters long.T
5、he Great Hammerhead SharkThe Great Hammerhead Shark? s most striking feature is its wide thick head which looks like a hammer.The average size of a Great Hammerhead Shark is approximately 3.5 meters,but it can grow up to 6 meters long.These sharks average over 500 pounds but can weigh as much as 1,0
6、00 pounds.Like most sharks the females are larger than the males.They have several rows of teeth that have 24 to 37 teeth per row.The Great Hammerhead Shark has a very keen sense of smell,which helps it find its prey.l.What can we learn from the text?吗?如果是这样,你最好做一些改变。本文主要给我们提出了一些改变生活中不如意事 情的一些建议。1 .
7、C解析空处前面是几个问句，而空处后面说“下面是一些建议”，故该空处应填“如果你 有这些问题，那么你最好做出一些改变”,C项符合语境。2 .D 解析此空前分别建议了:搬家、转学、去新的体育馆，都是强调去新的地方,换新的 环境，故空处应该表总结:在一个新的地方，你可以领会思维的方式。3 .A 解析此条建议中，屡次提到habits,故空处应该与习惯相关,A项“养成好习惯”符合 语境。4 .G解析此空处前面在说根据你最适合什么来做选择，空处后面举了一个事例“如果你 擅长运动,你可以在体育中心附近居住”，故空处也应列举一个事例,G项“如果你是一个好 的舞者，你会想居住在剧院附近”符合语境。5 .E解析最
8、后一段是对全文建议的总结，应选E项。A.Sharks usually live in icy waters.B.Mako Sharks are fast but not dangerous.C.The Great White Shark has 24 to 37 sharp teeth.D.Whale Sharks are bigger than other sharks in the sea.2.Why is a shark called the Great Hammerhead Shark?A.Because of the size of its body.B.Because of the
9、 waters it lives in.C.Because of the shape of its head.D.Because of the function of its teeth.3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A news report.B.A book review.C.An advertisement.D.A biology magazine.BA struggling Waffle House employee who was trying to serve nearly 30 people by himself after
10、midnight got a full serving of kindness when some customers jumped behind the counter to help him.Ethan Crispo,24,witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov.3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham,Alabama.Crispo told TODAY s Kerry Sanders that he had come to the 24-hour restaurant from a frie
11、nd? s birthday party and saw the struggling employee,identified only as Ben,trying to cook the food,serve it,bus tables and wash dishes while more than 25 people were waiting to eat.“The look on his face was just confusion,“ Crispo told Sanders.An unidentified male customer then decided to help him
12、out,grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.Another customer,Alison Stanley,went behind the counter to make some coffee-still dressed from a night out on the town.“I don t think it s anything special/9 Stanley told Sanders.He needed help,so I got up and helped out.”Crispo took
13、some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.Waffle House told TODAY that Ben was left to support himself due to a scheduling issue.“We had two associates scheduled to leave,however,due to a communicatio
14、n mix- up,their relief did not show up on time J Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement/That left Ben,our cook,alone in the restaurant with hungry customers.He worked the grill （烤架）and got the orders out.”The company was also thankful for the customers who joined in and helped Be
15、n out.“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House family,“ Warner said/There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants,and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family.”“We are also very thankful for Ben,who k
16、ept the restaurant open.He is a representative of our Waffle House culture by always putting the customers first.”Crispo had his usual order,double plain waffle,as he took in the scene of strangers helping out Ben on his shift.Humanity truly isn t good;it, s great!” he said.4.Ben was left to work al
17、one during his midnight shift because.A.his associates asked for leaveB.there was a scheduling mistake C.few customers needed to be served D.the restaurant was scheduled to close5.Some customers helped Ben out by.A.washing dishes B.taking photosC.taking ordersD.cooking food6 .Why did the customers l
18、end a helping hand according to Pat Warner?A.They shared the same community spirit.B.They were family members of Ben.C.They wanted to serve themselves.D.They were too hungry to wait.7 .How did Crispo feel as a witness of the scene?A.Lucky and excited.B.Moved and inspired.C.Relieved and hopeful.D.Con
19、tent and unbelievable.CCan a fish be depressed?This question has been on my head ever since I spent a night in a hotel across from a sad-looking fish.The pleasant woman at the front desk assured me that he was well taken care of.Was I incorrectly assuming his laziness as a sign of being upset?When I
20、 sought answers from scientists,! assumed that they would find the question ridiculous,but they did not.New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about fish cognition （认矢口）,building a case that pets and owners are not nearly as different as many assume.The neurochemistry （
21、神经化学）is so similar that it s scary,said Julian Pittman,a professor.We tend to think of them as simple living things,but there is a lot we don t give fish credit for.Dr.Pittman likes working with fish,in part because they are so obvious about their depression.A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank.I
22、f after five minutes it is hanging out in the lower half,it s depressed.If it s swimming up the top,then it s not.Is depression the right word?There? s an obvious issue that we cannot ask animals how they feel,said Dr.Diego A.Pizzagalli.Neither fish nor rats can catch the entire range of depression
23、as we know it.There is a heated debate about whether “anxious or “depressed“ is a more appropriate term.But what has convinced Dr.Pittman and others over the past ten years is watching the way the zebra fish lose interest in just about everything:food,toys,explorationjust like clinically depressed p
24、eople who are withdrawn.The same is true of fish.One of the things we re finding is that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out,said Dr.Braithwaite.In other words,your goldfish is probably bored.To help get rid of depression,she urges introducing new objects to the tank or switching th
25、e locations of items. 8.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Fish are considered simple living things.8 .Pets and owners are always assumed to be the same.C.Scientists have learnt a lot about fish cognition.D.Fish and human beings have something in common.9 .What does the underlined word withdrawn“ in
26、 Paragraph 6 probably mean? A.Quiet and shy.B.Happy and excited.C.Interested and careful.D.Disappointed and surprised.10 .Why can fish become bored according to the text?A.They need oxygen from the air.B.They are not born to be curious.C.They lack new things to explore.D.They can t locate the positi
27、ons of items.11 .What might be the best title for the text? A.Fish Depression Is Not a Joke B.Fish Can Be a Boring Pet C.Fish Need Better Care More D.Fish Cognition Does Not ExistDWith the introduction of its new C40 Recharge on Tuesday,Volvo became the latest automaker to bet that consumers who hav
28、e so far been uninterested in the idea of an EV （Electric Vehicle） might change their minds if it comes in a form of cars they love:the crossover（跨界车）.Whether they do may be vital to the success of California, s plan to end sales of gasoline cars by 2035.Volvo joins Ford of Europe and Jaguar in prom
29、oting EVs,promising every car it makes and sells by 2030 will be all-electric.In a webcast to introduce the new vehicle,the company also laid out a new sale strategy-the C40 and all electric Volvo cars will be available for purchase only online. A group of electric crossovers have hit the market in
30、recent months,including the Ford Mustang Mach-E,the Tesla Model-Y and the Volkswagen ID.4.Whether customers flock（群集）to crossover EVs will signal to regulators how much or how little work they need to do to meet the plans such as California, s.Despite the state s aggressive plan,sales of all-electri
31、c vehicles remain less than 2% of the U.S.total.“The manufacturers are taking a calculated risk here,“said Matt DeLorenzo of auto market research firm Kelley Blue Book/Crossovers are popular with the mainstream.That, s where the volume is.”Electric cars sold in the U.S.until recently were short-rang
32、e ones or high-end luxury cars,neither one a high-volume category.In 2020,2.4 million crossovers were sold in the U.S/If you can, t sell an electric crossover,then you 11 have trouble selling any kind of vehicle J DeLorenzo said.To sell in large numbers,the vehicles will in the first place need cont
33、inued government financial support for the next few years at least,Edmunds market analyst Caldwell said.Although battery costs are coming down,they still cost significantly more than gas engines. Although crossovers will serve as an early indicator of customer acceptance,Caldwell said she wouldn t c
34、all 2021 a make-or-break year for EV makers.12 .What does Volvo intend to do with its new C40 Recharge?A.Win more consumers on EVs.B.Help prevent California, s 2035 plan.C.Change the shape of vehicles.D.Put people, s cool ideas into reality.13 .Which of the following best describes the current EV ma
35、rket?A.Promising.B.Declining.C.Risky.D.Attractive.14 .What do we know about the EVs sold in the U.S.?A.Their sale strategies are special.B.They entered the market recently.C.Their information is available only online.D.They aren t of a high-volume category.15 .What s vital for the sales of EVs accor
36、ding to Caldwell?A.Improving the service of crossovers.B.Promoting the quality of batteries.C.Getting the government, s financial support.D.Making 2021 a make-or-break year.II.七选五Are you failing school?Do you have trouble finding and holding on to a job? Are you unhappy at work?Have you been accumul
37、ating many personal debts?Are you concerned about your weight? Here are some suggestions.Stop being self-absorbed and search for a purpose that will add meaning and excitement in your life.Move to a new neighborhood,a new town.Go to a new school;find a new gym. 2Make new friends.They will appreciate
38、 who you are,and help you find your passion,which you might not even know you possess. 3 To change yourself,you ve got to change habits.According to researchers,habits account for about 40 percent of our behaviors on any given day .When you learn to change your habits,you can change your life.Change
39、 the “Choice Architecture of your life.Make the desired choice most accessible to you. 4 If you are good at sports,you may want to live near a sports centre,and so on.If you aren t happy with your life,change your lifestyle,your personal attitudes,and the circumstances you live in. 5 A.Develop good
40、habits.B.Show them your personality.C.If so,you had better make some changes.D.In a new place,you can appreciate ways of thinking.E.In a word,you must find your element by taking action.F.Don t constantly blame others for failing to get ahead in life.G.If you are a good dancer,you want to live near
41、a theatre district.答案：I .【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。鲨鱼是令人惊奇的生物。它们被称为海洋中最致 命的猎手。幸运的是，大多数鲨鱼都不是，但有一些鲨鱼是非常危险的。本文介绍了大白 鲨、鲸鲨、灰鳍鲨和无沟双髻鲨这四种鲨鱼的有关信息。1 .D 解析 细节理解题。根据The Whale Shark局部的第一句Whale Sharks are the largest kind of shark in the world”可知，鲸鲨是世界上最大的鲨鱼，即鲸鲨比海里的其他鲨 鱼要大。2 .C 解析细节理解题。根据The Great Hammerhead Shark局部的第一句可知,
42、无沟双 髻鲨最显著的特征是它的宽而粗的头部,看起来像一把锤子。故可知，它因其头部的形状 而得名。3 .D 解析推理判断题。本文向我们介绍了四种鲨鱼的有关情况,结合选项可推知该篇 文章应该摘自生物杂志。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。一家华夫饼屋由于人员安排的失误，导致只剩一名 员工招待顾客，鉴于此，顾客们纷纷主动帮助该员工。4 .B 解析 推理判断题。由第十段“We had two associates scheduled to leave,however,due to a communication mix-up,their relief did not show up on time/ W
43、affle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement. That left Ben,our cook,alone in the restaurant with hungry customers.He worked the grill and got the orders out/ ”可判断出，因 为换班人员的安排出了问题，导致Ben 一个人在工作。5 .A 解析细节理解题。由第五段“An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out,grabbing an apron
44、 and going behind the counter to wash dishes.”和第八段Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.”可知,一些顾客帮助洗盘子，收 拾桌子。6 . A 解析 推理判断题。由第十二段“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like th
45、ey are part of our Waffle House family/ Warner said. There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants,and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family可知，店里的顾客将自己视为华夫饼屋的成员，大家 都有一种社区意识，彼此互相帮助。7 .B 解析 推理判断题。由第二段“Ethan Crispo,24,witnessed the inspiring scene
46、 in the early hours of Nov.3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham,Alabama.”可判断出，他目睹了 这一 切,被感动，被激励,发出了对人性的感叹。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。最新科学研究发现鱼也会有抑郁情绪出现，颠覆了人 们以往的认知。8 .D 解析 段落大意题。根据文章第三段中的“building a case that pets and owners are not nearly as different as many assume”及The neurochemistry is so similar that it s sca
47、ry” 可推知，该段主要讲鱼和人类有一些共同之处。9 .A 解析 词义猜想题。根据画线词所在句“just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn”可知,该画线词描述患抑郁症的人的特点，结合常识可推知,A项（安静且羞怯） 符合语境。10 .C 解析推理判断题。根据题干中的fish become bored定位至文章最后一段中的 “One of the things.seek novel things out”及To help get rid of depression,she urges introducing new objects
48、”,由此可推知鱼出现厌烦情绪的原因是其没有新奇的事物去探 索。11 .A 解析主旨大意题。根据文章首段中的“Can a fish be depressed?”,第三段中的 “When I sought answers from scientists,! assumed that they would find the question ridiculous,but they did not.”及第六段中的The same is true of Esh .”可知，全文的主题是鱼 也会抑郁，故A项“鱼会抑郁不是一个笑话”可作文章的最正确标题。【破角窣长难句 1 When I sought answers from scientists,! assumed that they would find the question ridiculous,but they did not.【分析】本句为并列复合句,but前第一个分句为复合句,When引导的是时间状语从 句,that引导的是宾语从句;but后第二个分句为简单句。【译文】当我向科学家寻求答案时，我以为他们会觉得这个问题很荒谬,但他们没有。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沃尔沃公司最新推出的一款电动汽 车C40 Recharge以及为推行这款电动车所做出的努力。12 .A 解