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1、2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习必修第二册Unit 5阅读题组练速度I .阅读AInnovative Designs for AccessibilityDeadline:2021-11-30Award:$7,500The Innovative Designs for Accessibility challenges university students across Canada to use their creativity to develop innovative,cost-effective and practical solutions to accessibility
2、 barriers for people with disabilities.Clean Tech CompetitionDeadline:2021-ll-13Award:$28,000The Clean Tech Competition is a unique,worldwide research and design challenge for pre-college youth.The competition is designed to build a deeper understanding of STEM （science,technology,engineering,and ma
3、th） related concepts,recognize outstanding talent,and prepare the next generation of globally competitive innovators.Agile Robotics CompetitionDeadline:2021-ll-10Award:$ 17,500Agile Robotics Competition is a simulation-based（仿真）competition designed to promote agility（灵活）in industrial robot systems b
4、y employing the latest advances in artificial intelligence and robot planning.The competition will be held virtually,so there is no need to travel to compete.The competition will use the Gazebo simulation tool.Wearable Robotics Innovation ChallengeDeadline:2021-11-24Award:$5,000The Wearable Robotics
5、 Association is inviting entries that represent the most innovative new ideas in wearable robotic technology.The review committee will select as many as ten finalists.The one considered to be the most innovative will be announced at the conference and will receive $5,000 to accelerate the new techno
6、logy.2 .F解析根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主旨句;根据该段中的“This means not only.what the person is saying.”可知，这意味着你不仅要用耳朵去听，还要能够理解对 方在说什么。据此可知，该段主要陈述倾听在沟通中的重要性。故F项”能够倾听他人 在沟通过程中非常重要”符合该处，应选F项。3 .D 解析 根据空处下句“Put yourselfon your own beliefs.”可知,要站在对方的角度考 虑问题，而不是基于自己的信念去评判或批评。据此可知，空处说明应当从别人的角度看 问题。应选D项。4 .B 解析 根据该段首句“Enco
7、uraging others will.in the workplace.”可知，鼓励他人可以 增强自信,让你在工作中更受赏识;结合空处下文“you help others feel.respected by co- workers.”可知，通过赞扬和鼓励，你会让他人感到同事需要他们、欢迎他们、尊重他们。 应选B项。5.G 解析根据语境可知，空处为该段主旨句;根据空处下句“Be sure to maintain eye contact.to help you form clearer thoughts.”可知，在你和别人说话的大局部时间里，一定要 保持眼神交流，并用手势来帮助你形成更清晰的思路
8、。据此可知，该段主要说明保持眼神 交流、使用手势等肢体语言在沟通中的重要性。应选G项。1 .Which competition favors competitors with a creative mind in helping the disabled? A.Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge.B.Agile Robotics Competition.C.Clean Tech Competition.D.Innovative Designs for Accessibility.2 .Which of the following is the aim
9、of Clean Tech Competition?A.To improve the research on STEM.B.To develop teenagers ability to innovate.C.To help students go to beloved universities.D.To encourage university students to be innovators.3 .What can we know about Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge? A.Competitors with creativity are
10、 more likely to win.B.The final 10 competitors can get awards.C.Only teenagers can take part in the competition. D.Competitors can hand in their works in December.B“I absolutely knew that I could be a physician/5 says Patrice Harris.But never in my wildest dreams did I think I would be president of
11、the American Medical Association(AMA). Harris is the first African American woman ever to be elected president of the AMA.Harris grew up in a small town,and becoming a doctor felt like a dream for her.Even though I knew I wanted to be a physician,“ she said,“I had no idea how to get there. Harris wo
12、rked extremely hard to achieve her dream.She said/In life,none of us get through without any setback.What? s important is to learn from these challenges.Harris completed her undergraduate and graduate studies at West Virginia University.When Harris was in her third year of medical school,she decided
13、 to specialize in psychiatry(精神病学),the study and treatment of mental illnesses/Some of my patients had what I thought were very interesting disorders/9 she said/And there was something new every day.”In 2007,Harris won the Psychiatrist of the Year Award and widely recognized as a top doctor.But it i
14、s not awards,she said,but rather treating and caring for her patients that has motivated her throughout her career.That interaction with my patients is veryfulfilling,because every opportunity that I have to help a patient in need is so meaningful,and it shows me why I originally wanted to go into t
15、he profession of medicine,“ Harris said.As president,Harris hopes to make sure that people across the country have access to the resources they need to ensure good health and that everyone is on a path.She said/Everyone should have the same opportunities to live a healthy life.”.What can we learn ab
16、out Patrice Harris from Paragraph 1? A.She is talented as a physician.B.She is the first woman president of the AMA.C.She had never intended to be president of the AMA.D.She was ambitious and generous at a young age. 5.What can Harris owe her success to?A.Family s support.B.Enough chances.C.Learning
17、 from setbacks.D.Hard work and precise plans.6 .Which of the following best describes Harris as a psychiatrist?A. W orried.B.Devoted.C.Aggressive.D.Generous.7 .What does the underlined word “fulfilling“ in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Powerful.B.Encouraging.C.Disappointing. D.Rewarding.CA 293-millio
18、n-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover（探测器）to Mars ended successfully on February 18,2021,with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater.The car-sized,six-wheeled rover,nicknamed Percy,is the US space agency s biggest and most advanced explorer to date.Its primary mission is to searc
19、h for signs of ancient microbial（微生 物的）life on Mars.Landing on Mars is extremely tricky .The Red Planet, s gravitational（弓I 力的）pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds,while its thin atmosphere-just 1 percent that of Earth s-does little to help slow it down as it approaches the
20、 surface.The scientists had to reduce Percy s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mphin just six and a half minutes.The target entry angle also had to be a precise12 degrees-any steeper,and the spacecraft would burn up;any flatter,and it would get lost in space.lt is no wonder
21、 that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.Upon attaining a manageable speed,Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot.Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find t
22、he best location.The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percy? s scientific instruments.Once ready,the rover will begin to carry out its mission.Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made,but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof
23、 J said Lori Glaze,director of NASA s Planetary Science Division/While we 11 learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover,it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples （样本）carry evidence
24、that Mars once harbored life.”.What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars? A.The speed reduction.B.The atmosphere analysis.C.The location search.D.The time management.8 .What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A.Ways to find the precise entry angle. B.Consequences of wrong entry deg
25、ree. C.Factors to survive “the seven minutes”. D.Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.9 . What does it refer to in Paragraph 4?A.The spot.B.The area.C.The system. D.The surface. 11. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze s words? A.Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.Perseveranc
26、e is able to collect enough evidence needed.C.Man still has a long way to go to prove life was on Mars.D.Samples of Mars will be returned soon to our labs on Earth.DAnyone who commutes（通勤）by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life.But humans are not alone in facing potential jams
27、.Ants also commute-between their nests and sources of food.The survival of their colonies depends on doing this efficiently.When humans commute,there? s a point at which cars become dense （稠密的）enough to slow down the flow of traffic,causing a jam.Researchers wanted to know if ants on the move could
28、also get stuck.So they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food.Then they waited and watched,trying to find out at what point they were going to have a traffic jam.But it appeared that that never happened.They always
29、managed to avoid a traffic jam.The flow of ants did increase in the beginning as ants started to fill the bridge and then leveled off at high density.But it never slowed down or stopped,even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants.The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of i
30、ndividual ants impacted traffic as a whole.And they found that when ants sense overcrowding,they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas,which prevents jams.Their behaviour may be promoted by pheromones,chemicals that can tell other ants where a trail is.The ants also manage to avo
31、id colliding（碰撞）with each other at high density,which could really slow them down.Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems?Not likely.That? s because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible,human drivers put their own goals first.Individual ants have to be more co
32、operative in order to feed the colony.But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow for self-driving cars,which can be designed to be less like selfish humansand more like ants.12 .What does the underlined wordthis in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Surviving.B.Commuting.C.Finding food.D. Avoidi
33、ng jams.13 .How did the researchers control the traffic density of the commuting ants?A.Through closer observation.B.By regulating their numbers.C.By finding out the dense points.D.By controlling the widths of their path.14 .How can ants avoid traffic jams according to the research?A.They follow a s
34、pecial route.B.They make their flow steady at high density.C.They never stop or slow down on the way.D.They depend on their natural chemicals to make adjustment.15 .Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Traffic JamsB.Survival of an Ant ColonyC.Unavoidable?Not for Ants!D.Differe
35、nces Between Humans and Antsn.七选五In the workplace,one of the most important skills to possess is good communication. j;it means they are able to listen to others,as well as successfully convey their own ideas and opinions.While listening and speaking are important in effective communication,there ar
36、e other skills that are vital to good communication in the workplace.2 .This means not only listening with your ears but also being able to comprehend what the person is saying.Giving co-workers your full attention when they are conveying an idea can go a long way in building relationships and furth
37、ering progress.Having empathy （同情）is very useful in communication. 3 ,Put yourself in the other person s position instead of judging or criticizing based on your own beliefs. While this may be difficult for some,empathizing with others can be very helpful in keeping in tune with your own emotions an
38、d ideas.Encouraging others will heighten confidence and appreciation in the workplace.4,you help others feel they are wanted,welcomed and respected by co-workers.People are much more likely to spare no effort if they know they are valued.Body language can greatly impact how others treat you in the w
39、orkplace.Being extroverted （夕卜向的）and friendly lets co-workers know you are open to hearing their opinions about projects or new designs.5 .Be sure to maintain eye contact the majority of the time you are speaking with someone,and use hand gestures to help you form clearer thoughts.Smiling offers enc
40、ouragement and creates a noticeable difference in how you are treated.People who smile more are seen as more approachable and trustworthy.While many of these good communication skills occur naturally in individuals,some may need to be learned and practiced in order to become second nature.A.While co
41、mmunication is importantB.By praising others and offering words of encouragementC.Praising co-workers helps communication go smoothlyD.It involves seeing things from the points of view of othersE.People value co-workers who can communicate effectivelyF.Being able to listen to others is vital in the
42、communication process G.Body language is a large part of being empathetic and encouraging答案：I.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个竞赛工程及其相关信息。1 .D 解析 细节理解题。根据 Innovative Designs for Accessibility 局部中的“for people with disabilities”可知,该竞赛旨在鼓励利用创新思维帮助残疾人。应选D项。2 .B 解析细节理解题。根据 Clean Tech Competition 局部中的“The competitio
43、n is designed to build a deeper understanding of STEM (science,technology,engineering,and math) related concepts,recognize outstanding talent,and prepare the next generation of globally competitive innovators.”可知，培养下一代，即青少年的创新能力是Clean Tech Competition的目标。应选B项。3 .A 解析 推理判断题。根据 Wearable Robotics Innov
44、ation Challenge 局部“The one considered to be the most innovative will be announced at the conference and will receive $5,000 to accelerate the new technology.”可知,Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge 竞 赛关注的是创新能力，由此推知,有创造力的参赛者更有可能获胜。B、D两项表述有 误,C项在文中并未提及，应选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国医学协会的主席Patrice Harri
45、s的相 关事迹。4 .C 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“But never in my wildest dreams did I think I would be president of the American Medical Association AMA).”可知，她做梦也没想过会 成为美国医学协会主席，由此可见，她以前从来没打算过成为这个主席。应选C项。5 .C 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Harris worked extremely hard to achieve her dream.She said, In life,none of us get through witho
46、ut any setback.What? s important is to learn from these challenges. 可知，人的生活中都会有挫折，最重要的是要从这些挑战中 去学习，而历经这些挫折加上勤奋才能成功。由此可知，她要把自己的成功归功于从挫折 中学习。应选C项。6 .B 解析推理判断题。根据第三段中 “But it is not awards,she said,but rather treating and caring for her patients that has motivated her throughout her career.”和.every opp
47、ortunity.profession of medicine”可知，作为一名医生，是治疗和照顾病人这件事成为她 职业生涯的动力，可知她对工作是全心全意的。应选B项。7 .D 解析词义猜想题。根据第三段中“.because every opportunity that I have to help a patient in need is so meaningful,and it shows me why I originally wanted to go into the profession of medicine”可知,她认为每次有机会帮助病人是很有意义的，由此可见,她认为 和病人的互动
48、是值得的,fulfilling与下文meaningful相呼应，应选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“毅力号”探测器的主要任务，及其登陆火 星过程中的情况。8 .A解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行 进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器 登陆火星的特别挑战。应选A项。9 .C 解析主旨大意题。通读第三段内容可知，该段尾句“It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the seven minutes of terror
49、1 .”为本段总结句，再结合该段 上文可知，该段主要介绍了“七分钟内生存下来的因素”:降低速度和精确的切入角度。故 选C项。10 .B 解析代词指代题。分析第四段尾句的句子结构可知,it的指代对象为map-reading system或the area。再结合句意“其复杂的地图读取系统快速扫描该地区，并将其与数据 库中的地图进行匹配，以找到最正确位置”可知,it指代该句中的“the area”。应选B项。11.C解析推理判断题。根据尾段可知，确认火星曾经存在过微生物需要大量的证据， 而携带这些证据的样本又需要装备齐全的实验室以及将精密仪器送回地球才能进行分 析。据此可推知，人类要证明火星上曾有生命还有很长的路