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1、Unit 5 Section II夯基提能作业一、语言基础训练I .判断以下句子种类（假设是复合句，判断从句种类）1. He often reads English in the moming. _简单句2. He didnt attend the meeting, for he was ill.一并列一3. We were having a meeting when someone broke in.并列句_4. He lives in a house whose windows face south.一复合句（定语从句）一5. The sports meeting was put off,
2、 which astonished us.一复合句（定语从句）一6. He shouts when he gets angry, as is often the case.复合句（状语从句；定语从句）7. Theres no doubt that she will be able to repay the money on time._复合句（同位语从句）8. He insists that his father give up smoking.复合句（宾语从句）_9. When he comes hasnt been decided.一复合句（主语从句）_10. The request is
3、 that no one come late tomorrow.复合句（表语从句）11. 单句语法填空1. We took pity on the people in the disaster hit area and many students raised money for them.2. Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic President Samaranch died （die） on April 21 in Barcelona.3. The Internet is an exciting tool
4、 that/which not only puts vast information at your fingertips but also expands options.4. However, those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students （文科生）graduate with the belief that the prospective（预期的）workplace
5、may not have a place for them.5. They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism（故 意破坏行为）， and that at the times he went up the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares, vandalism did not often occur.6. The old worker insisted that he wasnt old and that he be sent ba
6、ck to the working post again.7. If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare” “Samuel Johnson and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didnt even speak EnglishWilliam, the Conq
7、ueror.8. Science has become so important in the modern world, with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, that it is included among modern social institutions.9. The magazine is male-targeting because young guys generally wont pick up a magazine that/which appears to be direct
8、ed at females, whereas girls usually will.10. . Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived (live) people belonging (belong) to two major language groups.11. Waiting (wait) above the crowded streets, on top of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Pettit.12. First put (put) forward
9、by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including (include) a French woman scientist who/that made a major advance in working out the problem, and who/that had to dress like a man in order to be able t
10、o study at the Ecolab polytechnique.二、垓优提升训练I .阅读理解What would you like to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? An astronaut? What do you need to do to achieve your dream job?Perhaps you think that studying well and then going on to work hard will get you the successful career you want. We are c
11、onstantly taught that our hard work will eventually pay off.But a government survey has shown that hard work is not the only thing that will help you to move up the ladder. Two thirds of people believe that who you know matters more than what you know when it comes to social activity. So are the con
12、nections that you have more important than your education?Seventy-six percent of the people in the survey believed that family background is important in influencing your chances of success. They believe that if you are privileged from birth, you are more likely to have a successful career, especial
13、ly if your family is wealthy.Even if you dont have a privileged background, the people you know can still make a difference to your career.Networking is a skill which is encouraged by many career advisers. Some companies run networking workshops to try and encourage staff to meet other people, to co
14、mmunicate and build relationships. Its a valuable skill.But the survey also showed something quite interesting. Although most people believed that networks are more important than education, many people put their own career success down to talent, rather than background.41 % of the people said that
15、their parents9 income had influenced their life, but at the same time, another 41 % believed that they had achieved their own success.So which is more important, what you know or who you know? It seems that by working hard and making lots of connections, the answer may be that both are very importan
16、t.文章大意：本文是一篇人物故事类阅读。文章主要介绍了一些约定成功的因素。1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part? DA. Practice makes perfect.B. Nothing is impossible.C. Hope for the best.D. No pains, no gains.解析：句意猜想题。此处与上一句“studying well and then going on to work hard will get you the successful career
17、you want.”意思应一致，即：好好学习然后努力工作会使你得到成功 的事业。四个选项中，A项意为“熟能生巧。”，B项意为“没有什么不可能”，C项意为 “从最好的方面着想”，D项意为“没有付出就没有收获”，应选D。2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? AA. 76% of the people think social relationship matters most.B. 41 % of the people believe parents9 income is most important.C.
18、76% of the people think family background ranks first.D. 41 % of the people believe they gained their own success.解析：细节理解题。根据第七段内容“So which is more important, what you know or who you know? It seems that by working hard and making lots of connections, the answer may be that both are very important.可
19、知，不是大多数人认为社会关系是最重要的。A选项不符合文章 意思。应选A。3. From the passage we can infer that the writer writes the passage to B.A. stress the importance of educationB challenge the traditional beliefC. make lots of social connectionsD. encourage people to work hard解析：推理判断题。文章第二段提出了传统观念认为的“努力工作就能获得成功”，紧 接着第三段通过一项调查结果指出
20、更多人认为“社会关系和家庭背景才是成功的关键”，并 由此展开讨论。由此推测，作者写作的意图是挑战传统观念。应选B。4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? AA. The Way to SuccessB. Keep Your Dream in MindC. A Wealthy and Smooth CareerD. A Survey on Peoples Dreams解析：标题归纳题。文章开头提出了传统观念认为的“努力工作就能获得成功”，紧接 着通过一项调查结果指出更多人认为“社会关系和家庭背景才是成功的关键”，并
21、由此展开 讨论。无论是哪种观点，都是在谈论取得成功的方法。应选A。IL完形填空（2021 .全国新高考I卷）My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.My best friend Betsys father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1. C little bunny（兔子）cakes for all its 2
22、. A throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3. D help during our spring break, for which I had no 4. Abeyond listening to my favorite records. Id 5. B minimum wage. Id see how afactory 6. A .My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsys dad
23、 with their 7. B .Our 8. C in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing（糖霜） ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9. D bunny from the belt. This was 10. A than it sounds. 11. B a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more
24、 high-pressure than Id 12. C .Dad 13. B_.The son of a grocer, hed spent the summers of his childhood 14. D food in Bernardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15. D the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。语篇讲述了作者利用假期打工的经历，有助于考生了解 工作的
25、艰辛以及工作的意义和价值，激励考生珍惜工作、热爱工作并尊重他人的工作，注重 自身良好品格的塑造和培养。1. A. soldB. orderedC. madeD. reserved解析：考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I worked in a baking factory”可知，作者在烘焙工 厂工作，因此这里说的是Hough Bakeries为其遍布克利夫兰市的所有商店(stores)制作(made) 兔子蛋糕。因此选C。2. A. storesB.familiesC.schoolsD.citizens解析：考查语境推断。参见上题解析。3. A. generousB.financialC.tech
26、nicalD.temporary解析：考查语境推断。根据上文中的“for three whole days”和下文中的“during our spring break”可知，这里说的是春假期间，市中心的工厂需要临时找八个孩子来帮助。generous慷 慨的，大方的；financial财务的，金融的；technical技术的，专业的；temporary临时的，暂 时的。因此选D。4. A. plansB. problemsC. excusesD. hobbies解析：考查语境推断。本空所在定语从句中的关系代词Which指代上文中的“springbreak”,这里说的是对于春假，除了听听最喜欢的唱
27、片之外，作者没有任何计划(plans)。因 此选Ao5. A. offerB. earnC. setD. suggest解析：考查语境和常识推断。作者当时还是中学生，要做的是临时工的工作，因此作者 觉得自己能挣得(earn)最低工资。因此选B。6. A. workedB.closedC. developedD.survived解析：考查语境和常识推断。作者去工厂打工，在那里，她能获知工厂是如何运转(worked) 的。因此选 A。7. A. ambitionB.permissionC. experienceD.invitation解析：考查语境推断。根据上文中的My parents thoug
28、ht all of his was a grand idea and called Betsys dad”及作者去了 Betsy父亲所在的工厂工作的内容可知，这里说的是作者的父 母同意她去打短工，并给Betsy的父亲打了 。ambition抱负，雄心；permission同意， 允许；experience经历，经验；invitation邀请。因此选B。8. A. joysB. ideasC. rolesD. choices解析：考查语境推断。根据下文中的“ Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing(糖霜) ears. from the beltn可知，
29、这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示 “角色，外，还可以表示“职责，作用”。因此选C。9. A. SaveB. KeepC. StopD. Remove解析：考查逻辑推断。这里说的是作者在工厂的具体工作：把蛋糕放在传送带上，贴上 有糖霜的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子，然后再把做好的兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。remove “拿开， 移开”符合语境。因此选D。10. A. harderB. betterC. longerD. cheaper解析：考查语境推断。根据下文中的“the cakes pile up “a little more high-pressurev可 知，这里说的是作
30、者他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单，也就是说他们的工作还是比拟难做 的(harder)。因此选A。11. A. Calm downB. Slow downC. Stay onD. Move on解析：考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”可知，如果动作慢一点，蛋糕就 会堆积起来。calm down安静，镇静；slow down慢下来，减速；stay on留下来继续(学习、 工作等)；move on开始做，换话题。因此选B。B. witnessed12. A. indicatedC. expectedD. remembered解析：考查语境推断。做了一天之后，作者发现这个
31、工作给人的压力比自己起初预料的 要大得多。indicate暗示，说明；witness亲眼看见，亲身经历；expect预计，预料；remember 记得，记起。因此选C。13. A. criedB. smiledC. hesitatedD. refused解析：考查语境推断。根据下文说到的作者的父亲童年时期的“打工”经历可知，作者 的父亲是理解作者当下的感受的，所以他会心一笑(smiled)。因此选B。14. A. tasting B findingC. sharingD. delivering解析：考查语境和常识推断。根据上文中的“Thesonofagrocer”可知，作者的父亲是食 品杂货店
32、店主的儿子；再结合常识可知，作者的父亲有时需要给他人送(delivering)食物。因 此选Do15. A. withdrawB. donateC. receiveD. appreciate解析：考查语境推断。根据下文中的“the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work”可知，作者的父亲告诉作者，这种工作能让她学会重视自己的劳动所得，并尊重那些 工作的人。withdraw撤回，撤销;donate捐赠；receive接受；appreciate欣赏,重视，感激。 因此选DoIII .语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词
33、或括号内单词的正确形式。High school years are a large part in 1. shaping (shape) the person you are going to become. A school often 2. provides (provide)education for you, and it can also be a place 3. where you can develop relationships with many different people, join clubs, and participate in a variety of di
34、fferent sports.These years can make you become a high school student 4. filled (fill)with many different emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness, envy, loneliness, stress, and a numerous amount more.This is also a time when peer(同龄人)pressure is most commonly put upon a vast majority of teens.P
35、eer pressure is the influence from members of ones peer group.This can include influencing another to drink , smoke , cheat on a test , lie , skip class , and etc.The list is 5. endless (end). Peer pressure at high school is both harmful 6. and effective because it can lead to teen depression, high
36、stress levels, negative behavior 7. issues (issue), and poor decision making and outcomes.Despite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can 8. be seen(see)positively in some situations.This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid drugs, be honest, avoid al
37、cohol, respect others, work hard, exercise, be kind, be responsible, and more.Friends and peer 9. actually (actual)affect the choices you make.Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect 10. on/upon you.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了高中生的生活及学习，高中学习中既有好的 一面也有其不好的一面，作者也由此提出了一些建议。解析：1 .考查非谓语动词。根据句子
38、中的介词in可知，介词后跟动词的现在分词形式作宾语。 故填 shaping o2 .考查主谓一致。主语为A school,为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填 provides o3 .考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为a place,先行词在定语从句中作地点 状语。故填where。4 .考查非谓语动词。句意：这些年可以让你成为一个高中生，充满了各种各样的情绪, 包括快乐、愤怒、悲伤、嫉妒、孤独、压力，还有很多很多。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词 为can make, fill作非谓语，fill和主语之间为被动关系。故填filled。5 .考查形容词。句意：这个列表是永无止境的。根据句意
39、可知，此处应填形容词作表 语。故填endless。6 .考查连词。固定搭配both.and两者都,本句中and连接两个形容词harmful和 effectiveo 故填 and。7 .考查名词的数。根据后面 and poor decision making and outcomes 中 outcomes 为复数 形式，and连接并列名词issue（问题），为可数名词，所以用复数形式。故填issues。8 .考查被动语态。see的主语it指代的是peer pressure,两者为被动关系，且see在情 态动词can后面，用动词原形。故填be seen。9 .考查副词。此处actual修饰动词affect,用副词形式。故填actually。10 .考查固定搭配。have an effect on/upon对有影响。故填on/upon。