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1、Unit 3 Section夯基提能作业一、语言基础训练I .单词拼写1. The media has been filled with tales （表达）of horror and loss resulting from Mondays earthquake.2. Weve extended （延长）a washing line between two trees in the garden.3. Id like to negotiate （协商）about the distributional plan with you.4. With its own fleet （车队）of truc
2、ks, the company delivers most orders overnight.5. . The beauty of the garden was a pleasure to behold （看）.6. After the Norman Conquest, the forest became a royal （皇家的）hunting preserve.7. Spices （香料）are widely used in Indian cooking.8. He stated that all foreign forces would withdraw （撤回1） as soon as
3、 the crisis ended.9. She switched another channel（频道）to watch the football match.10. The hospital gives mothers quiet private time in which to bond （增强信任关系）with their babies.n.单句语法填空1. （2018全国 n 卷）Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a
4、 bond with others.解析：reach out to sb.向某人提供援助。句意：邓恩相信，向陌生人伸出援手的人会有 一种强烈得多的归属感，一种与他人的联系。故填t。2. （2019江苏卷）Firstly, they spent more time in searchof food.解析：in search of寻找。句意：首先,他们花更多的时间寻找食物。故填of。3. （2018全国HI卷）1 was searching for these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.解析：search for寻找。句意：我
5、在寻找我一直在观察的三只西部低地大猩猩。故填for。4. （2020浙江卷）1 learned a lot about how to extend （extend） the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful.解析：“疑问词+不定式”在句中作介词about的宾语。句意：关于如何延长物体的寿 命，如何把它们变成新的有用的东西，我学到了很多。故填t。extend。5. （2017-:BITI）Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anythi
6、ng in return.解析：in return作为报答。句意：Axani在他的帖子中写道，他并不寻求任何回报。故 填in。6. （2015江苏卷）When he selects news of the other kind, he usuallywithdraws （withdraw） from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.解析：此处是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数。句意：当他选择另一种新闻时，他通 常会从充满威胁的现实世界退缩到梦幻世界。故填withdrawso7. （2020全国 I 卷）The bea
7、uty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.解析：bondwith与的联系。句意：重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是建 立在我们当前的心理状态上的。故填with。8. （2019U匕京卷）The students benefitting mostfrom college are those who are totallyengaged（参与）in academic life.解析：benefit from受益于。句意：从大学受益最多
8、的学生是那些完全投身于学术 生活的学生。故填from。9. （2015浙江卷）And if you have your lecture notes or the article in hand, you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you.解析：in hand在手头，可供使用。句意：而且如果你有你的课堂笔记或文章在手，你 和教授就能够检查让你困惑的具体点。故填in。10. （2020天津卷）The student completed this experiment
9、 to make come true what Professor Joseph had said.解析：句意：这名学生完成了该实验，使约瑟夫教授所说的话成为现实。make sth. come true使某事成为现实。本句中sth.较长，故放在了 cometrue之后。分析句子结构可知，make 后缺宾语，故空格处引导宾语从句且在从句中作had said的宾语。故填what。III .选词填空in a league of ones own, withdraw from, in hand, in ancient times, reach out, for the benefit of, in r
10、eturn for, from a. point of view, set sail, under the command of1. It was a bright clear morning when we at last set sail in the ship.2. As a lawyer, Janice is so excellent that she is truly in a league of her own .3. . He has decided to withdraw from the competition.4. It took me great efforts to g
11、et these books in hand .5. This old Silk Road linked China with the west in ancient times .6. The ship is under the command of Captain Blake.7. In return for your cooperation we will give you a free gift.8. We must be kind and friendly and reach out to those in need.9. We have brought down prices of
12、 medicines for the benefit of the people.10. From a long-term point of view , we should pay attention to education and science and technology.二、培优提升训练I .阅读理解（2021 全国乙卷）Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceansbetween 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one p
13、lastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called u S
14、trawpocalypse, “ a pair of 1 O-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash.Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycl
15、ed.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but theyve recently come under fire because most people dont need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.Every straw thats part of Von Wongs artwork likely came from a drink
16、 that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work, titled Truckload of Plastic”, Von
17、Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like theyd been dumped顷侄ij） from a truck all at once.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。Von Wong和一群志愿者用塑料
18、制作雕塑，希望让公众 看到塑料污染的严重，引发公众思考，进而能够采取行动。11. What are Von Wongs artworks intended for? CA. Beautifying the city he lives in.B , Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段 uArtist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that
19、it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.可知，Von Wong 希望唤起公众对塑料污染的关注。 应选C。12. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?AA. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B - To explain why
20、they are useful.C. To voice his views on modem art.D. To find a substitute for them.解析：推理判断题。根据 “Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but theyve recently come under fire because most people dont need them to drink with
21、 and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.可知答案。应选 A。13. What effect would Truckload of Plastic have on viewers? BA. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，在2018年的一篇文章中，Von Wong想要说明一 个具体的统计数据：每60秒，一卡车的塑料就会进入海洋。为了完成这项名为“一卡车的 塑料”的工作，Von Wong和一群志愿
22、者收集了超过一万块塑料，然后把它们捆在一起，看 起来像是从卡车上一次性扔下来的。由此推知，这个雕塑的目的是为了让公众看到塑料污染 的严重，引发公众思考。Calming：平静的；Disturbing：令人不安的，不平静的；Refreshing： 使精神振作的，使人耳目一新的；Challenging：有挑战性的。应选B。14. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? DA. Artists9 Opinions on Plastic SafetyB - Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC
23、. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是Von Wong和一群志愿者用塑料制作雕塑，希望 让公众看到塑料污染的严重，引发公众思考，进而能够采取行动。因此D项为短文最正确标 题。应选D。II.七选五As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.We take fi
24、shes from the ocean- millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. 1. A We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates（蒸发）.2. E Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too.
25、But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. 3. C Seaweed becomes food of many kinds-even candy, and ice cream-as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drin
26、k ocean water. 4. B But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. 5. F Huge as it is, the
27、 ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is no
28、t too late.A. We even use their bones for fertilizer.B Some of its contents may cause illness.C. Natural sponges become cleaning aids.D. The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.E. Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.F. We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garba
29、ge dump.G. We take a lot from the ocean and give little to the sea.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自从我们在地球上以来，我们一直在利 用我们周围的海洋，我们从海洋中索取，然后给予它。解析：1 . 上文 We take fishes from the oceanmillions of kilograms offish, every year, to feed millions of people.提到我们从海洋里获取许多鱼，当然包括鱼的骨头，因此A项与上文形 成递进关系。应选A。2 . 根据上文 “We take mi
30、nerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporate(蒸发).”可知蒸发海水可以得到盐，当然也可以得 到除盐之外的其他矿物质。E项承接上文，符合题意。应选E。3 .根据空前“Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry.”以及空后 uSeaweed becomes food of many kinds-eve
31、n candy, and ice cream-as well as medicine.可知设空处应讲海绵的用途。结合选项，C项承上启下，符合题意。应选C。4 .根据上文“We cannot drink ocean water.(我们不能喝海水。)“可知，海水有坏的影响。 B项承接上文，符合题意。应选B。5 .根据上文What do we give the sea? Garbage.(我们给了海洋什么?垃圾！)”可知， 我们一直在污染着海洋，F项(当我们把海洋当作垃圾堆时，我们会污染海洋)承上启下，符 合题意。应选F。in .语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
32、。Chinese teahouses are the traditional ancient cafes of the east for getting together and chatting with friends and generally 1. passing (pass)the time.The teahouse has become a place for people to not only drink tea and relax, 2. but experience Chinese culture, hold social activities, host private
33、parties and conduct business 3. negotiations (negotiate).The teahouse recreates the character of old Beijing, 4. which makes it a must for foreigners, who, from around the world, come to China 5. to appreciate (appreciate)Beijing Opera, drama and other Beijing folk art, as well as drink tea.Jasmine
34、tea is the favorite of many old Beijingers, who love 6. its (it) pure, clear taste and strong fragrance.Its 7. definitely (definite)on the menu at the Lao She Teahouse.Dawan tea is just as famous 8. as the long-spouted (长壶嘴的)teapot.The Chinese name means inexpensive tea in a big tea bowl“ and it is
35、another old Beijing teahouse specialty.lt 9. is said (say)that the founder of Lao She Teahouse started his business by serving Dawan tea for just two 10. cents (cent)each.And today its the only teahouse still serving Dawan tea at such a low price, though there9s no profit in it.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。中国茶楼是传统
36、的东方咖啡馆，是会友聊天、路过歇息 的场地。而老北京茶馆除了喝茶，还是欣赏京剧及其他民间艺术的地方。“大碗茶”那么是老 北京茶楼的另一种特产，它以廉价著称。解析：1 .考查非谓语动词。and是并列连词，它连接前后两个相同的语法成分，getting together, chatting with friends, generally passing the time 都作介词 for 的并列宾语。故填 passing。2 .考查固定搭配。not onlybut also意为不但而且”，是固定搭配，主要 用于连接两个对等的成分，其中also可以省略，此处连接的是动词不定式短语。故填but。3 .考
37、查名词。conduct是动词，后接名词作宾语，动词negotiate的名词是negotiation, 且是可数名词，“生意谈判”不止一次，应用复数形式。故填negotiations。4 .考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词character在 从句中作主语。故填关系词which。5 .考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填to appreciate。6 .考查代词。taste和fragrance都是名词，用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its。7 .考查副词。on the menu是介词短语，用副词修饰。故填形容词definite的副词形式 definitely o8 .考查固定搭配。asas意为”和一样”，表示同级之间的比拟，使用时要注意 第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词或介词。故填as。9 .考查固定搭配。It is said that是特殊句型，意为“据说”，It是形式主语，真 正的主语是that从句。故填is saido10 .考查名词的数。cent是可数名词，其前有数词two修饰。故填复数形式cents。