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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date语法填空短文改错练习红对勾专题练习二A(2017陕西省西安中学模拟)Helsinki, capital of Finland, is offering young people the chance to rent _1_ cheap apartment in an old peoples home, if they agree _2_ (spend) time so
2、cializing with the elderly residents.The city council(议会)is seeking _3_(apply) from renters under the age of 25 who would like to spend three _4_ five hours each week with their older neighbors. _5_ exchange, theyll get a studio flat _6_ (measure) 23 square meters with a private kitchen, bathroom an
3、d balcony for 250 euros per month. Those _7_ apply dont need any specific care experience. There are staff to look after the elderly.More than 60 people have applied for the spaces in less than a week, and the idea has also been _8_ (warm) welcomed by Finns on social media. “Great project！Hopefully
4、it will spread to other areas，”_9_ (write) one person on Facebook, while another supports the scheme for bringing _10_ (difference) generations together.答案与解析本文主要讲述了芬兰的首都赫尔辛基将为年轻人提供以低廉的租金租赁养老院的机会，前提是他们要与老人聊天。1a考查不定冠词。此处用来修饰单数名词apartment，表示泛指：一套便宜的公寓。故用a。2to spend考查动词不定式。 此处用在不及物动词agree之后，应使用动词不定式作宾语
5、，意为：同意做某事。故用to spend。3applications考查名词。此处用在动词seek之后作宾语，指的是来自25岁以下的租房者们的申请。故用名词的复数形式applications。4and考查固定短语。固定短语“between.and.”意为：在与之间；这里指的是：三至五个小时之间。故用and。5In考查固定短语。固定短语in exchange意为：作为交换。故填介词In。6measuring考查现在分词。此处在句中作后置定语，修饰名词短语a studio flat，由于动词measure与该名词短语构成的是主谓关系。故用measuring。7who考查关系代词。本句是定语从句，由
6、于先行词those指那些提出申请的租房者，在该从句中作主语。故用who。8warmly考查副词。此处用来修饰动词welcome，所以应使用副词形式。故用warmly。9writes考查时态。根据上下文都使用了一般现在时可知，本句讲述的是目前芬兰推行的政策在群众中所产生的影响。由于主语是one person on Facebook，所以谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故用writes。10different考查形容词。此处用来修饰名词generations，故用形容词different。B(2017黑龙江省大庆市二模)Sarah and Janet have been friends since
7、 they _1_ (start) school. They do everything together：study, read, watch TV, surf the Internet, play sports and listen to music. Anyone who has a problem can ask the other _2_help. When Sarah was in the third grade, some of the other students _3_(make) fun of her because she was shy. Janet told the
8、other students to stop_4_ (laugh) at Sarah, and she helped Sarah overcome her shyness.In the fifth grade, Janet had _5_ (difficult) in her maths class. She studied hard, _6_she just couldnt understand the homework. Sarah helped Janet with _7_(she) homework and _8_ (patient) explained every exercise
9、to Janet.After six _9_ (month), Janet did much better and even got _10_ A in the maths exam.答案与解析本文介绍一对好朋友的情况。Sarah好害羞，常受同学欺负，Janet经常为此帮助她，但Janet学习成绩不好，在Sarah帮助下取得了优异成绩。1started考查时态。since自从，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。故填started。2for考查介词。ask sb. for help 是固定搭配，意为“向某人求助”。 3made考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“When Sarah
10、 was in the third grade”可知，动词要用一般过去时。4laughing考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情。5difficulty考查名词。此处用名词形式作had的宾语，have difficulty 意为“有困难”。6but 考查连词。分析句意可知空格前后是转折关系，故填but。7her考查形容词性物主代词。分析句意可知此处的物主代词与Janet保持一致，故用her。 8patiently考查副词。此处用副词patiently作状语修饰动词explained。9months考查名词，month是可数名词，前面有基数词six修饰，故用复数形式。
11、10an考查冠词。A是元音字母，发音为元音音素，故用不定冠词an。C(2017河北省衡水市武邑中学一模)A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a box by his feet. He held up a sign _1_ (read), “I am blind, please help.” _2_ were only a few coins in the box. The boy felt sad. A man was walking by. He took out a few coins from his pocket and dr
12、opped them into the box. Then he took the sign, turned it around and wrote some words. He placed the sign _3_ it had been so that everyone who walked by would see the new words. Soon the box was full _4_ coins. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy.That afternoon, the man, by _5_ the
13、sign had been changed, came to see how things were. The boy _6_ (recognize) his footsteps and asked, “Are you the one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write？” The man said, “ I _7_ (simple)wrote the truth. I said what you said but in a _8_ (difference)way.” _9_ he had written was, “Tod
14、ay is _10_ beautiful day but I can not see it.”答案与解析1reading他举着一个牌子，牌子上写着：“我是盲人，请帮助我”。此处为现在分词作定语。故填reading。2There盒子里只有几个硬币。there be表“有”。故填There。3where他把牌子放回原地，以便于人们能看到刚写到上面的字。故填where。4ofbe full of充满。故填of。5whom那天下午，改变标牌的人过来看事情进展如何。whom引导定语从句，位于介词之后。故填whom。6recognized根据后面的并列连词and 及谓语动词asked可知应用一般过去时。故
15、填recognized。7simply我只是写下事实，此处为副词修饰动词。故填simply。8differentin a different way以一种不同的方式。故填different。9What他写的是，今天是美丽的一天，但是我看不见。此处为what引导的主语从句，且在从句中作宾语。故填What。10a此处考查不定冠词a，表“一个”，故填a。D(2017四川省泸州市四诊)I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.I was only four when s
16、he passes away.She is just a distant memory for me now.I remember my grandfather very much.He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from others in our small town，he was strong and powerful.In a fact，he
17、even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.However，he was the gentlest man I have never known.答案与解析1holding改为hold句意为“我几乎不记得我的祖母。她过去常常把我抱到腿上，唱老歌。”考查固定搭配，used to do sth.，过去常常做某事，故将holding改为hold。2passes改为passed句意为“我只有四岁时，她去世了。”祖母去世这件事发生在过去，所以应该用过去式，故将passes改为pas
18、sed。3much改为well句意为“我非常深的记得我的祖父。”very much 可以修饰许多动词，但是不能修饰remember。remember 只能被well/clearly修饰，表达“记得很深/好。”故将much改为well。4shoulder改为shoulders句意为“他个子很高，肩膀宽阔。”根据常理，人有两个肩膀，肩膀应该是复数，所以应该用复数形式，故将 shoulder改为 shoulders 。5加上hadand后的句子“a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.”缺少谓语，句意为“爷爷的胡子由黑变成灰
19、”，应用过去完成时，故在此处加上had。6himself改为him句意：他的深沉的声音把他和别人区别开来。所以应该用宾格him。故将himself改为him。7加and根据句中结构可知He had a deep voice.和he was strong and powerful是并列关系，故用and连接。8去掉a实际上，固定短语应该为in fact ，故删去a。9during改为whenduring为介词，后不能接句子，应用when这个连词引导时间状语从句。故将during改为when。10never改为ever语义错误。根据句意：他是我认识的最温柔的人。故将never改为ever。E(201
20、7山东泰安一模)Everyone should take the action to reduce haze (雾霾), which is harmless to our health. First of all, I believe that if we plant more tree, there will be less haze in their city. Trees can absorb car exhaust fumes, thus reduce pollution. Second, the government should punish the factories where
21、 produce too many fumes. Exhaust fumes is the main cause of haze and do greatly harm to peoples health. Maybe we can move factories to areas where few people live. Third, I think it was a great idea to encourage people to use public transportation. Last but not least, we can call on citizens ride bi
22、kes if they travel short journeys.答案与解析1去掉thetake action为固定短语，意为：采取行动，行动起来。故去掉the。2harmlessharmfulwhich is.为定语从句，先行词为haze。雾霾对我们的身体有害而不是无害，故将harmless改为harmful。3treetreestree为可数名词，根据前面的more可知此处tree需用复数形式。故将tree改为trees。4theirour句意：首先，我相信如果我们多种植树木，我们城市的雾霾就会减少。故将their改为our。5reducereducing本句中的thus为副词，不是连词
23、，故可判断thus后应为非谓语动词而不是谓语动词。且主语trees与reduce为逻辑上的主动关系，故需将reduce改为reducing。6wherethat/which先行词the factories在定语从句中作主语而非地点状语，故将where改为that/which。7isare主语exhaust fumes为复数名词，故将is改为are。8greatlygreatdo harm to中的harm为名词，故需要形容词修饰名词harm。故将greatly改为great。9wasis本文的主体时态为现在时，故将was改为is。10ride前加tocall on后需用不定式作宾语补足语。故r
24、ide前加to。F(2017河南豫南质量考评)One day, Margaret told me her grandma was coming and parents would want my basement room back, what didnt surprise me. The next day, I went to her mother to ask about it. She seemed surprising at first. And then she told me they havent yet made any decision about her mother co
25、me to live with them. “Honest speaking, my husband and my mother have never got on well. Well wait for a bit and see what happens.” Therefore, it was no need for me to move. Now, six month have passed and Im still living in a basement room.答案与解析1parents前加her一天，Margaret告诉我说她的奶奶要来了，她的父母想把我住的地下室房间收回去。此
26、处指的是Margaret的父母，故应加上代词her以使语义更加明确。2whatwhich分析句子结构可知，which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，且在从句中作主语。3surprisingsurprised起初，她似乎很吃惊。此处表示Margaret的妈妈感到吃惊的状态，应用ed形容词。surprising表示“令人惊讶的”，一般用来修饰物。4haventhadnt根据语境可知，此处描述的是发生在told之前的动作，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。5comecoming分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词ing形式作介词about的宾语。注意此处是动名词的复合结构。6Honest
27、Honestly老实说，Margaret的父亲和她的奶奶向来相处得不融洽。Honestly speaking是固定用法，表示“老实说”。7去掉wait后的forwait for后应接宾语，而此处a bit用作副词，修饰动词wait，故for多余。8itthere因此，作者就没有必要搬走了。there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.是固定句型，表示“(某人)没有必要做某事”。9monthmonths六个月过去了，我仍然住在那个地下室房间里。根据上文中的“six”和下文中的“have”可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。10athe此处特指上文中提到的“my basement room”，故应用定冠词the。-