2022年高考英语一轮学案动词的时态和语态 .pdf

上传人:Q****o 文档编号:28257069 上传时间:2022-07-26 格式:PDF 页数:15 大小:85.49KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
2022年高考英语一轮学案动词的时态和语态 .pdf_第1页
第1页 / 共15页
2022年高考英语一轮学案动词的时态和语态 .pdf_第2页
第2页 / 共15页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《2022年高考英语一轮学案动词的时态和语态 .pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022年高考英语一轮学案动词的时态和语态 .pdf(15页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、学习好资料欢迎下载动词的时态和语态时态一般现在时(1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。(2)可用在由if, unless引导的条件状语从句, 由 even/if/though 引导的让步状语从句, 由 when,before , until/till, as soon as, the moment引 导 的 时 间 状 语 从 句 , 由no matter what/who/when/where/how 或 whatever,whoever 等引导的让步状语从句中,这时主句往往

2、表将来或主句是祈使句。I ll go with you as soon as I finish it.我一做完,就与你一同去。Whatever you say,I will not change my mind. 无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。一般过去时表示 “ 刚才,在过去” 之意,暗示现在已“ 不再这样 ” 。Your phone number again ? I didn t quite catch it. 再重述一下你的电话号码好吗?我没记下来。It s 9568686. 是 9568686。一般将来时(1) “ will动词原形 ” 表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。Fish will

3、 die without water. 离开水,鱼就会死。(2) “ be going to动词原形 ” 可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain. 看那乌云,要下雨了。(3) “ be about to动词原形 ” 表示立即的将来,很少与时间状语连用。The train is about to start. 火车就要开了。(4)位移动词如come,go,arrive 等,其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事,现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - -

4、 - - -第 1 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载I arrive in Beijing at 3 00 pm.tomorrow. 明天下午三点我会到达北京。He is coming. 他将要来。They are leaving for Tibet. 他们将要去西藏。(5)be to 动词原形表示计划,安排。When are you to leave for New York? 你计划什么时候去纽约?表示指令,相当于should。You are to report it to the police. 你应该把这事报告给警察。表示 “ 打算,想要 ” 。If we are to be the

5、re before ten, we ll have to go now.若我们想在十点前到,我们现在就得走。现在 /过去进行时(1)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。I first met Lisa three years ago ,she was working at a shop then. 我第一次遇见莉莎是在3 年前,那时她正在一家商店工作。Hey,look where you are going! 嘿,看看你往哪儿走!Oh,I m terribly sorry.I wasn t noticing. 噢!非常抱歉!我没注意。(2)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗

6、憾等情感,常与always ,continually , constantly 连用。He is always thinking of others first.( 表赞赏 ) 他总是先为别人着想。He is always making the same mistake. ( 表厌烦 ) 他总是犯同样的错误。(3)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。I don t really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作,精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - -

7、- -第 2 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载我只是在帮忙,新秘书来了我就走。(暂时性 ) Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly. 选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事因为技术变化太快。( “ 变化 ” 尚未完成 ) (4)表示按计划、安排要做的事。I ve won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。我计划带着我妈妈去。(计划 )

8、 (5)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。Is this raincoat yours ? 这是你的雨衣吗?No,mine is hanging there behind the door. 不是,我的在门后挂着呢。现在完成时(1)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes. 除非我亲眼看到,我是不会相信你的。Please don t get off the bus until it has stopped.车未停,请不要下车。(2)It/This

9、is/will be the first(last ,second,third.)time that.和 It/This is the best(worst,most interesting) n.that.结构的从句要求用现在完成时。This is the first time that I ve heard her sing.这是我第一次听她唱歌。It s the best film I ve ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。过去完成时(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had.done.when;No sooner had.done.than.中从句用一

10、般过去时。Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. 我刚到家,天就下起了倾盆大雨。No sooner had we started than the car got a flat tyre. 我们刚出发,轮胎就爆了。(2)表示愿望、打算类的词,如hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think 等,用过去完成时精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。I had meant to help you ,

11、but I was too busy at the moment. 我本打算帮助你,但当时我太忙了。现在完成进行时(1)表示一个从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。I ve been waiting for an hour but she still hasn t come.我已等了一个小时,但她还没有来。(2)表示动作刚刚结束(有时指出结果)。My clothes are wet.I ve been walking in the rain.我的衣服湿了,我一直走在雨中。(3)表示重复(指断断续续,而非一直不停)。She has been phoning Jim every

12、 night for the past two weeks. 两个星期以来她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。语态被动语态使用要点不及物动词不能用于被动语态如 appear,rise,die,happen,belong to,break out,take place 等。Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(误) Great changes have taken place in my hometown. ( 正) 我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。表示状态的动词不用于被动语态如 lack,fit,mean,hold,have,cost,cont

13、ain,become,last,possess ,consist of,look like等。The book costs 10 yuan.这本书花了10 元钱。What s become of her?她怎么了?主动形式表被动的几种情况(1)某些感官动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义,如 look,smell,taste, feel, prove,wear,sound 等。The flower smells sweet. 花闻起来很香。The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起来非常可口。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - -

14、- -第 4 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载(2)在主语是物的句子里,有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义,这些词后常有副词修饰。常用的这类动词有sell,read,write, wear,wash,open,clean,cook,keep,cut,fill ,blow ,measure,lock,run,record,begin,shut 等。This type of recorder sells well. 这种型号的录音机销路很好。He doesn t photograph well.他不太上相。This kind of shirt cleans easily. 这种衬衫容易洗干净。(

15、3)动名词主动形式表示被动意义通常是事物(也可以是人 )作 want,need, require,deserve等动词的主语时,表示事物(或人 )客观上 “ 需要 ” , 用动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义。若动名词是不及物的,后面还应有相应的介词。The children need looking after. 孩子们需要照看。这种用法还可把动名词改为动词不定式的被动形式来表被动。The children need to be looked after. (4)在作表语的某些形容词(easy, difficult , light, heavy, fit, good, safe, co

16、mfortable , dangerous,pleasant等)后作状语用的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。She is easy to approach. 她平易近人。The rock is hard to break. 这块岩石很难打碎。不定式符号to 在被动语态中不可省略在主动语态中,如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词,这个动词前往往不用to,但在被动语态中要带to。I saw her pass by the window. 我看见她从窗边经过。She was seen to pass by the window.她被看见从窗边经过。get (got)过去分词也可构成被动语态get

17、 常同 marry,beat,break,damage,tear,strike,hurt,paint,invite,repair, dress等动词的过去分词连用,构成被动语态。John and Jane got married last month. 上个月,约翰和简结婚了。They got caught in the storm. 他们碰上暴风雨了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载1. (2009 年安徽卷 )Daniel s family_their holiday in Huangsha

18、n this time next week.Aare enjoying Bare to enjoy Cwill enjoy D will be enjoying 【解析】句意为:丹尼尔一家人下个星期的这个时候肯定正在黄山度假。根据 this time next week 判断,选用将来进行时will be doing 。【答案】D 2. (2009 年辽宁卷 )My parents have promised to come to see me before I_for Africa. Ahave left Bleave Cleft Dwill leave 【解析】句意为:我父母已经答应在我去

19、非洲之前来看我。不定式to come to see me表示的是将来动作,before 引导的时间状语从句需用一般现在时。【答案】B 3(2009 年上海卷)During the period of recent terrorist activities, people_not to touch any unattended bag. Ahad always been warned Bwere always being warned Care always warning Dalways warned 【解析】句意为:在最近恐怖活动期间,人们总是在被警告不要碰任何无人照看的包。be alway

20、s doing sth.总是做某事,表达某种抱怨、不满或赞许的情绪。人们是“ 被警告 ” ,要用被动语态。【答案】B 4(2009 年山东卷 )The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities_rising steadily since 1997. Ais Bare Chas been Dhave been 【解析】句意为:在中国上大学的外国留学生的数量自1997 年以来稳步上升。 “the number ofn. ”作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式;由since 1997 可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。【答案】C 5.

21、(2009 年江苏卷 ) Ann is in hospital. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载Oh,really ?I_know.I_go and visit her. Adidn t;am going to Bdont;would Cdont;will Ddidn t; will 【解析】句意为: Ann 在住院。 哦,真的吗?我还不知道呢。我要去看望她。这里讲的 I didn t know 指的是在对方还没告知Ann 在住院这件事之前,我不知道,所以用一般过去时;第二个空用will 指的

22、是事先未经计划或安排的“ 意愿,打算 ” 。【答案】D 6. (2009 年江苏卷 ) Hi,Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? Sorry._. AIt s repaired BIt has been repaired CIt s being repaired DIt had been repaired 【解析】句意为: 嗨, Torry ,今天下午我能用一会儿你的电脑吗? 真抱歉,电脑正在修理。该句强调的是此时电脑正被维修,需用现在进行时的被动语态。【答案】C 7(2009 年浙江卷 )What do you

23、 think of the movie? It s fantastic.The only pity is that I_the beginning of it.Amissed Bhad missed Cmiss D would miss 【解析】句意为: 你觉得这部电影怎么样? 太棒了。唯一可惜的是,我错过了开头部分。错过开头部分对于现在而言是发生在过去的事情,故选A。【答案】A 8. (2009 年全国卷 )His sister left home in 1998 ,and_since. Ahad not been heard of Bhas not been heard of Chad n

24、ot heard of Dhas not heard of 【解析】句意为:他妹妹在1998 年离开家,从那以后就没了音讯。根据句意,指的是过去离开以后,到现在一直没音讯,故用现在完成时;hear of 与 his sister 在本句中为被动关精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载系,故用被动语态,所以选B。【答案】B 9. (2009 年福建卷 )According to the literary review, Shakespeare_his characters live through th

25、eir language in his plays. Awill make Bhad made Cwas making Dmakes 【解析】句意为: 这篇文学评论说,莎士比亚使他剧中的人物通过语言鲜活起来。本句考查时态,当介绍一种理论时,常用一般现在时。【答案】D 10(2009 年辽宁卷 )Excuse me,Marcia ,a reporter from Vanity Fair_all day.Could you speak to her now? Aphones Bhas phoned Chas been phoning Dphoned 【解析】句意为:打扰了,Marcia ,一名 V

26、anity Fair 的记者打了一整天的电话。你现在可以接她的电话吗?根据句意和时间状语all day 可知,此句需用现在完成进行时表示说话人的一种情感,如:不满,抱怨,责备等。注意,现在完成时表示到目前为止动作可能已经结束,侧重对现在产生的影响或结果。【答案】C 1(2010 届浙江嘉兴一中摸底测验)Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend? Terry ?Never!She_tents and fresh air! Ahas hated Bhated Cwill hate Dhates 【解析】结合题意可知此处应用一般现在时表示她的

27、习惯,她讨厌帐篷和新鲜的空气。【答案】D 2(2010 届安徽芜湖一中一模)Got your driving license? No.I_too busy to have enough practice ,so I didn t take the driving test last week.Awas Bam Chave been Dhad been 【解析】考查时态。 根据句中 so I didnt take the driving test last week可知说话人过去一直很忙而没有进行足够的练习,以至于没有参加上周的驾照考试。发生在过去的动作“take ”之精选学习资料 - - -

28、- - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载前,因此应该用过去完成时。【答案】D 3 (2010 届成都玉林中学月考)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he_from the university next year. Awill graduate Bwill have graduated Cgraduates Dis to graduate 【解析】考查时态。 by the time 引导的是时间状语从句,而本句的主句是将来时,所以从句用一般现在时表示

29、将来。【答案】C 4(2010 届甘肃天水一中段考)I_in London for many years , but I ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China. Alived Bhave lived Chad lived Dwas living 【解析】“ 我在伦敦生活了很多年” 只是对过去的一般叙述,过去的动作并没有对现在造成影响,故用一般过去时。【答案】A 5(2010 届苏州调研 ) What s your opinion about my suggestion?Sorry,I_.Would you plea

30、se say it again? Ahadn t listened Bwouldn t listenCwasn t listening Ddidn t listen【解析】考查时态。从本题的语境来看,说话人刚才没有在听对方的建议,因此,使用过去进行时,表示“ 听” 的动作刚才没有在发生。【答案】C 6(2010 届合肥检测 )Although many measures_,the world s economy is still going down. Awere taken Bhave been taken Cwill be taken Dare taken 【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。表

31、示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响,所以用现在完成时; take 与 measures之间构成动宾关系,所以要用被动语态。【答案】B 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载7. (2010 届福建检测 )Since the beginning of the vacation , I_across the country, and my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains. Ahad traveled Bwill travel Chave been traveling Dwas

32、traveling 【解析】考查动词的时态。该题的时间状语为since过去的时间点,结合后面的 “my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains”可以看出这里应该用现在完成进行时,表示从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在,并可能持续下去。【答案】C 8(2010 年东城检测 )Right now the government is trying to control the number of people who_by H1N1 flu. Ahave been affected Bhave affected Care affected Daffect 【解析】考查动词的时态语

33、态。句意为:政府正在试图控制感染H1N1 流感的人的数量。人们被感染流感,用sb.be affected by sth.结构,这里说的是现在的一般情况,故用一般现在时的被动语态。【答案】C 9(2010 年长春第一次调研)I saw Lucy and her boyfriend in the park at nine yesterday evening. Impossible.She_the Internet with me in my home then. Asurfed Bhad surfed Cwould surf Dwas surfing 【解析】考查时态。根据对话内容可知,昨天晚上九

34、点时Lucy 正在和我一起上网,因此用过去进行时。【答案】D 10 (2010 年上海春招 )The employees_that they should renew their contracts within a week. Aadvise Bhave advised Care advised Dhad been advised 【解析】考查动词的语态。语意:(公司 )建议员工在一周内续签合同。根据语意,The employees 与 advise 为动宾关系,所以应该用被动结构,故选C 项。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10

35、 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载【答案】C 11 (2010 届抚顺一中第一次同步考试)With the help of high technologh,more and more new substances_in the past years. Adiscovered Bhave discovered Chad been discovered Dhave been discovered 【解析】考查时态和语态。 由句中的时间状语in the past years可知,这里应用现在完成时;句子的主语new substances与 discover 之间为动宾关系,故选D 项。【答案】D

36、12 (2010 届成都联考 )Look!Everything here is under construction. What s the pretty small house that_for?Ais being built Bhas been built Cis built Dis building 【解析】考查时态和语态。语意表明从句中用现在进行时,名词house 是动词 build 的承受者, 所以谓语用现在进行时的被动语态。第二句语意为: 正在修建的那座漂亮的小房子是用来做什么的?【答案】A 13 (2010 届江西高安中学月考)Did you have any trouble f

37、inding your way in Shanghai? Yes,I tried to find my way to the airport but_. Ahas been lost Bget lost Clost Dgot lost 【解析】前面的问句以及tried 暗示时态应为一般过去时,因此选got lost。【答案】D 14 (2010 届皖南八校联考)We ve been told the good news ,but when and where to go for the exciting paid vacation_yet. Aare not discussed Bhave n

38、ot been discussed Cis not being discussed Dhas not been discussed 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载【解析】后一分句的主语为when and where to go for the exciting paid vacation ,表示的是一件事,谓语动词用单数形式,由此排除A、B 两项。根据句末的yet 可知应该用完成时,即这件事还没有被讨论。【答案】D 15 (2010 年西安质量检测)We haven t moved into

39、 the new office buildingit_right now. Ais decorating Bhas been decorated Cis being decorated Dhas been decorating 【解析】考查动词时态、语态。根据题干中前面一句话的时态及后一句话中的时间状语right now 可知,应用现在进行时;又依据语意可知,房子正在(被)装修,因此选C。【答案】C 1(2011 东北三省四市联考) What s that terrible noise ,David? Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in th

40、e nearby plant_. Awere testedBwill be tested Care being testedDhave been tested 解析:考查动词的时态。根据问句中的What s that terrible noise 可知,这里应该用进行时态,噪音是机器正在被检测时发出的,所以用现在进行时的被动语态。答案:C 2(2011 北京西城模拟)The attackers were arrested and didn t know where they_.Awould takeBare taken Cwere being takenDwill be taken 解析:句意

41、为:袭击者被捕了,他们不知道正被带往何处。根据didn t know 可知,空格处也应该用过去的某种时态,所以B、D 不正确;根据句意可知此处用被动语态,故选C。答案:C 3(2011 南京模拟 )People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them_taken in the past. Aare notBwere not Chadn t beenDwouldn t be精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 -

42、 - - - - - -第 12 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载解析:句意为: 人们开始了解到由于在过去没有采取必要的预防措施从而造成了大多数的环境问题。in the past 暗示出用过去时态;hadn t been 指在一个过去的动作或时间之前发生的事情; wouldn t be 表过去将来,故B 项正确。答案:B 4(2011 日照市调研考试)Monitor? I m not monitor of our class.I_with the teacher until the monitor is elected.Awill just helpBam just to help Cam

43、just helpingDhave just helped 解析:考查时态。下句意为:我只是在帮助老师,直到选出班长为止。根据上下句语意可知,此处用现在进行时,表示答话者当时所处的状态。答案:C 5(2011 南京第一次模拟) I hear you_at Smith s.Yes, I_there for about three months. Awork ;had been workingB worked;was working Care working ;have been workingD worked;have worked 解析:本题考查时态。听说你正在Smith s 上班,因此应该使

44、用现在进行时态;我在那里已经工作大约三个月了(可能还会持续下去),因此需要使用现在完成进行时态。答案:C 6(2010 海淀区第二学期期中练习) Why didn t you come to the cinema with us last Saturday? Oh,sorry.But I_the film. AseeBsaw Chave seenDhad seen 解析:考查动词的时态。由语意可知,这个电影在上周六(last Saturday)之前就已经看过了,也就是说动作发生在“过去的过去 ”,因此应该用过去完成时。答案:D 7(2010 3 月济南模拟 )A big step _to st

45、rengthen China s health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008. Ahas been takenBis being taken Cwas takenDhad been taken 解析:考查时态。 since(自从 )所在的从句用了一般过去时,主句一般用现在完成时。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载答案:A 8(2011 哈尔滨检测)I have been on diet for months and next t

46、ime you see me,I _five pounds. Awill have lostBwill lose Chave lostDam losing 解析:本题考查动词时态。句意为:我已经减肥好几个月了,等下次再见我时,我就会轻五磅。根据语境知句子要用将来完成时,故A 项正确。答案:A 9(2011 苏州一模 )Are you going to further your studies after graduation? Well,I_yet.I might make some other choices. Adidn t decideBhaven t decidedCdon t dec

47、ideD hadn t decided解析:本题考查动词时态。从答语:也许还有别的打算可知,目前还没有做出决定,故用现在完成时。答案:B 10(2011 陕西宝鸡检测 )Mary ,I should tell you it is the third time that you_ your homework. Aforgot to doBforgot doing Chave forgotten to doDhad forgotten doing 解析:考查时态和非谓语动词。“It is(was)the 序数词 timethat 从句 ”, 表示 “ 是某人第几次做某事”,在此句型中,若前面为it

48、 is,则 that 从句用现在完成时,若前面为it was,则 that 从句用过去完成时;而forget to do sth.表示忘了应去做某事,forget doing sth.表示忘了已做过某事。根据语意可知此题应选C。答案:C 11(2010 3 月济南模拟 )We thought he would have won the game. What a pity!He _too nervous when playing. Ahad beenBhas been CwasDwould have been 解析:考查动词时态。句意为:他当时太紧张了。答语是对过去事实的陈述,用一般过去时。答案

49、:C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 15 页学习好资料欢迎下载12(2010 潍坊质量监测 )My headache_me.I thought it was going away,but now it s getting worse and worse.Ais killingBwas killing CkillsDkilled 解析:考查时态。从now 可知:我现在头疼得厉害。答案:A 13(2010 潍坊第一次模拟)Tom is now in our class,but he once_in Westbrook H

50、igh School for a term. Ahas studiedBstudied Chad studiedDstudies 解析:考查时态。 句意为:汤姆现在在我们班,但他曾经在韦斯特布鲁克高中呆过一个学期。从once 可知,用一般过去时,一般过去时也可以和一段时间连用。答案:B 14(2010 海南五校联考 )When did you move to Sanya? In 2008.But I_in Tibet for 8 years. Ahas workedBhas been worked Chave been workingDworked 解析:考查时态。由题干可知答话人在2008

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 技术资料 > 技术总结

本站为文档C TO C交易模式,本站只提供存储空间、用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,本站只是中间服务平台,本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。本站仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知淘文阁网,我们立即给予删除!客服QQ:136780468 微信:18945177775 电话:18904686070

工信部备案号:黑ICP备15003705号© 2020-2023 www.taowenge.com 淘文阁