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1、第三节 议论类 第一局部 五年高考题荟萃高考题 Passage 1(10)Another persons enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved.That person was my stepmother.I was nine years old when she enterd our home in rural Virginia. My father_36_me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is
2、_37 for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no _38 than tomorrow morning.My stepmother walked over to me, _39 my head slightly upward,and looked me right in the eye.Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are _40 .This is not the worst boy at all, _
3、41 the smartest one who hasnt yet found an outlet释放的途径for his enthusiasm.That statement began a(n) _42 between us.No one had ever called me smart,My family and neighbors had built me up in my _43 as a bad boy . My stepmother changed all that.She changed many things.She _44 my father to go to a denta
4、l school,from which he graduated with honors.She moved our family into the county srat,where my fathers career could be more _45 and my brother and I could be better_46 .When I turned fourteen,she bought me a secondhand_47 and told me that she believed that I could become a writer.I knew her ernthus
5、iasm,I_48it had alreadly improved our lives.I accepted her _49 and began to write for local newspapers.I was doing the same kind of_50 that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my lifes work later.I wasnt the _51 beneficiary (受益者).My father became the _52
6、man in town.My brother and stepbrthers became a physician,a dentist,a lawyer,and a college president. What power _53 has!When that power is released to support the certainty of ones purpose and is _54 strengthened by faith,it becomes an irresistible不可抗拒的force which poverty and temporary defeat can n
7、ever _55 . You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it.This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.本文讲述了一个继母对作者的肯定，从而激发了孩子心中的对成功的渴望，继母心中的热情，终于促使作者成功了。36选D爸爸把我介绍给了她37选A因为是最坏的孩子而著名38.选B no later than 表示不迟于39.选C 表示微微地抬了一下我的头40.选C 你错了41.选A 前面有not 后面用but,不是最坏的而是最聪明的42.选B
8、这句话开始了我们之间的友谊，用友谊说明关系的亲密46.选C而在那，我们弟兄们可以得到更好的教育47.选D给我买了二手的打字机，让我开始写作48.选D 我非常感谢她的热心50.选B我从事的写作，因此用writing51.选C 我不是唯一的受益者54.选D 不断得到增强Passage 2(10)I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an Unpleasan
9、t voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me. Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought we should 38 things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew 39 about stage design! But
10、 I slowly began to respond to her 40 . It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to 41 them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how 42 I was, so I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in mys
11、elf. Mrs. Neidls 43 that year was, Try it. We can always paint over it 44 !I began to take 45 . I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing-only things to be 46 upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and 47 create something. The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that
12、 year. I was 48 in the programas Student Art Assistant because of the time and effort Id put in. It was that year that I 49 I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design. Being on that stage-design team 50 Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I
13、 had thought, but I also 51 a strong interest and a world I hadnt known existed. She taught me not to 52 what people think I should do: She taught me to take chances and not be 53 . Mrs. Neidl was my comforter when I was upset. Her 54 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 55 .36.
14、A. and B. yet C. so D. for37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention38. A. make B. keep C. handle D. change39. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing40. A. questions B. comments C. explanations D. remarks41. A. hold B. follow C. evaluate D. form42. A. happy B. lively C. reli
15、able D. punctual43. A. message B. motto C. saying D. suggestion44. A. again B. more C. instead D. later45. A. steps B. control C. charge D. risks46. A. improved B. acted C. looked D. reflected47. A. easily B. carefully C. confidently D. proudly48. A. introduced B. recognized C. identified D. conside
16、red49. A. confirmed B. decided C. realized D. acknowledged50. A. with B. below C. of D. by51. A. developed B. discovered C. took D. fostered52. A. accept B. care C. judge D. wonder53. A. bored B. lazy C. sad D. afraid54. A. trust B. patience C. curiosity Do interest55. A. accessible B. enjoyable C.
17、possible D. favorable36.B考察连词及句子理解。前面unpleasant voice 和 direct way of speaking是消极意向,后面encouraging 和 inspiring是积极意向,因此需填转折连词,四个选项中A表并列,C表结果，D表原因，只有B选项yet表转折。37.A 考察名词及篇章理解。第二段第二句话“她想知道我认为我们该怎样处理事情直接提示了这个空应该选观点opinion这个词. 第二段倒数第四句话中也出现了这个词从而验证了其正确性。B. impression 印象、C. information 信息、D. intention 意图均不符
18、合题意。38.C 考察动词及篇章理解。根据文章主线选择“处理事情。考纲要求考生掌握handle 的两种意思，名词是“柄、把，动词是“处理，这里考察后者。A, 做、创造 B 保持 D改变 均不符题意。39.D 考察代词及句子理解。开始我不知如何答复是因为我对舞台设计“一无所知。 know nothing about sth 对某事一无所知。40.A 考察名词及篇章理解。解题关键词是本句的 respond 答复、响应, 线索是第二段第一句中的 “ask 提问及第四句中的“answer 答复， 因此这里填 “question 问题这个词。BD选项是评论，C是解释，不符题意。41.D 考察动词及篇章理
19、解。本句的them指代opinions 。form opinion形成观点 。hold opinion持有某种观点，form 是个变化的状态，hold是个持续的状态，根据文意推断作者开始并没有观点，由于她相信我有观点所以我形成了观点，强调形成这个过程，另外Begin to后接有变化感的词，应选form不选hold. B. follow 遵照,C .evaluate评估与题意差异较大。42.C 考察形容词及句子理解。解题线索在后半句 “so I began to show up to paint more and more 作者做的事情变多是Mrs. Neidl信任的结果，说明我是个可信赖rel
20、iable的人,C选项符合题意。其他三个选项happy 快乐的 lively活泼的和 punctual 准时的都不能表达出这种合理的因果关系。另外迷惑性较大的lively通常用来形容物。 43. B考察名词及句子理解。引号里是一句鼓励性质的话，而且前面“that year也是线索，说明这话是她的motto座右铭。迷惑性较大的C选项saying是谚语的意思，往往是人们长期形成的对生活及经验的总结，强调群体性及时间性，故不适宜，message 信息，suggestion 建议，不合题意。44.D 考察副词及篇章理解。此题难度较大，解题关键词是介词“over，表覆盖。选择later 可以理解为“如果
21、没有画好，稍后可以再画一次覆盖在之前的画上。 more更多， I“再一次、又一次但是放在这里与over意思重复，paint over it later相当于 paint it again, 故不选A。 考察名词及篇章理解。take risks 固定搭配，冒险。通读全文发现作者是开始很不自信，第四段开头也提示了作者“shy ,“quiet,因此动笔画画对他来说是个冒险，是自我突破的过程，文章最后一段也提到了take chances冒险，因此选D。take steps是采取措施、步骤的意思，与文章主题不搭，control 和 charge 都有控制的意思，不合题意。46.A 考察动词及句子理解。I
22、mprove upon 改良。线索是本段开头的座右铭“试试吧，我们永远可以重画一次。因此不存在失败，只存在改良。Act upon按照、对起作用，look upon 看待、考虑，reflect upon 考虑、回忆，均不符题意。47.C 考察副词及篇章理解。本段主要描写了作者从不敢做到敢做的过程，根据前文提示作者曾很不自信，后来在Mrs. Neidl的鼓励下自信地拿起了画笔，因此选confidently. A easily 容易的。作者超越自我的过程并不容易。B carefully 小心地。创作并不是个小心翼翼的过程。D Proudly 骄傲地。文章中没有任何表达。48.B 考察动词。Be re
23、cognized as“被公认为、被成认。 Introduce 介绍、引入，be identified as“ 被确定是，有验证身份的意思，be considered as “被认为、被当作。其中 be recognize as 有“被大家成认、被普遍接受的意思，表意更准确。49.C 考察动词。解题关键词是“want 。作者意识到自己想要的是什么，所以用realized. 迷惑项是decided 决定。可以说决定要什么，但不可以说决定想什么，因为想法是不可控制的。Confirm 证实 acknowledge 成认，与题意差异较大。50.A 考察介词。Being with sb 与某人在一起。这
24、里不能选of是因为全文第一句话，Mrs. Neidl是“ one of the directors，所以不能说是她的团队。Below 和 by 搭配错误。51.B 考察动词。发现了一项爱好和一个未知的世界，选discovered. 迷惑项是developed , 这个词可以与interest 连用表示形成了某种爱好，但是不可以与world连用表示“形成一个未知世界，故排除。Take interest 取利，foster 培养，均不适宜。52.B 考察动词及篇章理解。“她教会我不要去在乎别人认为我该怎么做，care 在乎，符合文意。Accept 接受，judge 判断 ，wonder 疑心 均不
25、合文意。53.D 考察形容词及句意理解。Be afraid害怕。前面说Take chance 冒险，后面理所当然说不要怕失败，而且前文反复出现了afraid 这个词，是全篇的关键词。Bored 无聊的，lazy 懒惰的，sad 伤心的，在文中均无表达。54.A 考察名词及篇章理解。Trust 信任。通读全文会发现文中屡次提到Mrs. Neidl对作者的信任，并在第三段明确使用了trust这个词，因此推断出答案。Patience 耐心，curiosity好奇心，interest兴趣，文中均无表达。55.C考察形容词及篇章理解。“她对我的信任鼓励我完成以前认为不可能的事情， “never imag
26、ined possible 等于 “imagined impossible. 认为不可能的，贴合文意。Accessible 容易取得的 enjoyable 有趣的 favorable 有利的赞同的 均不合文意。Passage 3(10湖南)Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48 when/ after their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49 an a
27、fter-school note for their children. They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50 or another place where their children are sure to find it. A note is often a 51 better way to talk with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have time to think about 52what
28、 they want to say before they write. For53 another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again People often forget all the details that they 54 hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55 off or telephone calls not answered. For these reas
29、ons, after-school notes are very popular with parents.48. 答案：When/After解析：该空引导时间状语从句，句意为：“当他们的孩子们放学回来的时候/以后，他们经常不在家49答案：an解析：根据空后的单数可数名词note及after以元音音素开头可判断填an50. 答案：or解析：该空填并列连词or，并列三个名词51. 答案：better解析：由句意，“便条是与孩子交流的更好方式可判断填better52. 答案：what解析：该空引导宾语从句在句中作say的宾语53. 答案：For解析：For another为固定搭配，意为“另一方面
30、54. 答案：they解析：该空在句中作主语且代指前面的people。故填they55. 答案： off解析：turn off意为“关掉，即 被关掉Passage 4(10)The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writi
31、ng _50_. What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, _51_ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1
32、984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. _52_ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化装). For instance, Lloyd Webber _53_ some
33、 of the music because the Phantoms makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. When you revise, you change aspects of your work in _54_ to your evolving purpose, or to include _55_ ideas or newly discovered information. Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as
34、you have at the end of an assignment. _56_, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to _57_. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. dont make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows _58_. Always make ti
35、me to become your own _59_and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you _60_ new ideas.Revising involves _61_ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and
36、ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose _62_ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the _63_ that is, facts, opinions, inferences - tha
37、t they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many _64_ details that may confuse readers?50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words52. A. undergone B. skipped C. rejected D. replaced53. A. rewrote
38、 B. released C. recorded D. reserved54. A. addition B. response C. opposition D. contrast55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore57. A. discuss B. switch C. exhaust D. cover58. A. drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training59. A. director
39、 B. master C. audience D. visitor60. A. personal B. valuable C. basic D. delicate61. A. mixing B. weakening C. maintaining D. assessing62. A. amazing B. bright C. unique D. clear63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints64. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. final【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非
40、常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。50.答案：C考点：此题考查名词辨析解析：参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.和“However. dont make the mistake of skipping the revision stage。名词technique技术、style风格、career事业、生涯都不符题意。此题难度适中。51.答案：D考点：此题考查介词短语辨析解析：前面adding, deleting, replacing, reorderi
41、ng都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in other words表示“换句话说。介词短语in particular尤其、特别表强调、as a result因此，表结果、for example例如，表举例说明都不符题意。此题难度适中。52.答案：A考点：此题考查动词辨析解析：动词skip跳远、reject拒绝、抵抗replace取代都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了undergo屡次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a pr
42、ocess.对应。此题难度适中。53.答案：A考点：此题考查动词辨析解析：动词release释放、赦免、发行、record记录、录音、reserve保存、预订都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。此题难度适中。54.答案：B考点：此题考查介词短语辨析解析：介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除之外还有，in opposition to表示“与.的意见相反，in contrast to表示“与.形成比照，都与此题不符。in response to作为对的反响在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改良作品目的的一种回应此题难。55.答案：D考
43、点：此题考查形容词辨析解析：fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。此题难度适中。56.答案：B考点：此题考查副词辨析解析：副词Moreover而且类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not justonly照应。副词However然而，表转折关系、Instead作为替代、反而，表相反含义、Therefore因此，表原因都不符题意。此题难度适中。57.答案：B考点：此题考查动词辨析解析：switch topics变换标题属于修改作品的一局部。动词discuss讨论、exhaust汲干、使筋疲力尽、cover覆盖、包含都不符题意。此题难
44、度适中。58.答案：D考点：此题考查动名词辨析解析：名词drafting起草、rearranging重新安排、performing表演都与题意不符。名词training.培训在本句表示“排练，与上文dress rehearsals / tryouts同义。此题难。59.答案：C考点：此题考查名词辨析解析：名词audience观众与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director导演、master主人、大师、visitor来访者都与题意不符。此题难度适中。60.答案：B考点：此题考查形容词辨析解析：形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息。形容词personal个人的、basic根本的、delicate娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的都与题意不符。此题难度适中。61.答案：A考点：此题考查动词辨析解析：动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起。此题难。62.答案：D考点：此题考查形容词辨析解析：形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing令人惊讶的、bright明亮的、聪明的、unique独特的都与题意不符。此