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1、The Past Participles as the object complement（过去分词做宾语补足语）Unit 2 Grammarchoosecutpayflybringfindsellbeatbiterobholdrisechosencutpaidflownbroughtfoundsoldbeatenbittenrobbedheldrisenchosecutpaidflewbroughtfoundsoldbeatbitrobbedheldrose作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系 1.及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补及物动词（短语）的
2、过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的关关系。系。例如：例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。我想把这封信寄出去。 2. 少数不及物动词如少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。辑上的被动关系。例如：例如： She found her necklace gone on her
3、 way home. 在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。3. 动词动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示语补足语一般表示而不表示被动的意义，而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。语。例如：例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。我进来时，发现一个陌生的
4、女孩坐在角落里。1.使役动词使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被致使某人或某事被”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth _ out at the dentists.需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况 pulled牙医牙医repairI had my recorder repaired. sb have sth done修理修理He had
5、his foot injured.injure受伤受伤He got his leg injured.He got his glasses broken.He got his camera damaged.get sth done2 .感官动词感官动词feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：“感受感受到、发现、听到、看到某人或某事被做到、发现、听到、看到某人或某事被做”。He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.Fill in t
6、he blanks.I heard someone _me. I heard my name_. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _callingcalledbreakbroken.callbreakI saw him _beatbeaten by his mother.motherI saw _bitehim bitten by a dog.I saw_knock downhim knocked down by a car.I saw _robhim robbed by a man.I saw him _taken to the hos
7、pital.I saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man.I saw him knocked down by a car.I saw him taken to the hospital.read aloud3. 表示表示“意欲；命令意欲；命令”的动词如的动词如 ：like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省相当于过去分词短语前省略了略了to be ，表示，表示“希望希望/要求某人或某事被做要求某人或某事被做”I wish these letters (to
8、 be) typed as soon as possible. 我希望能尽快把这些信件打出来。我希望能尽快把这些信件打出来。The father wants his daughter _ (teach) the piano. 这位父亲想要找人教他女儿弹钢琴。这位父亲想要找人教他女儿弹钢琴。taught4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态，这有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态，这时过去分词时过去分词改作主语补足语改作主语补足语，说明主语所处的，说明主语所处的状态状态We found the door broken. The door was found broken.She found her
9、 bag stolen when she woke up. Her bag was found stolen when she woke up.5.“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分结构中，过去分词用作介词词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 例如：例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）
10、（表方式）With water_ (heat), we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件） With the matter_ (settle), we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因） heatedsettled注意：注意： 在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过
11、去分词不可不可换用现在分词换用现在分词。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他着他（ fix ones eyes on 为固定短语，因此，为固定短语，因此，不可将句中不可将句中 fixed 换为换为 fixing ） He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。他仍然举着手站了一会儿。“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的当用某些不及物动词的分
12、词形式作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。宾补时，用现在分词的形式。 She felt her heart beating fast. 她觉得心跳很快。（beat 意为“心跳”，是不及物动词） 6.过去分词与不定式过去分词与不定式,现在分词作宾补的现在分词作宾补的区别区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但过去分词过去分词强调他们之间的强调他们之间的被动关系被动关系，不定不定式式强调动作发生的强调动作发生的全过程全过程，现在分词现在分词强调强调他们之间的他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。主动关系，正在进行。(全过程全过程) I saw her _ (come) in
13、to the classroom.I saw her _ (come) into the classroom.I saw her _ (take) out of the classroom.takencomecoming(正在进行正在进行) 1. When I came back to my village ten years later, I found it completely _ (change).2. I want him _ (finish) the homework in time.3. My father had had the house _ (paint) before w
14、e moved in.4. The end of the story left me _ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone _ (speak) my hometown dialect.6. What he had said made me _ (surprise). changedto finishpaintedpuzzledspeak / speakingsurprised7. Tom, did you see anyone _ (go) out of the classroom? 8. They encouraged h
15、er _ (try) again. 9. The little girl felt someone _ (pat) her on the shoulder. 10. When we returned to the school, we found a stranger _ (stand) at the entrance. 11. The doctor warned him _ (not eat) food after the operation. 12. I want you to keep me _ (inform) of how things are going with you. go
16、/ goingto trypatstandingnot to eatinformed1. 书一有货，我就通知你。书一有货，我就通知你。Ill keep you _ the the _book is available.2. 他醒来结果发现他的汽车被偷了。他醒来结果发现他的汽车被偷了。He woke up _to find his car_.3. 在这个发达的国家里，你很少听到有人讲脏活。在这个发达的国家里，你很少听到有人讲脏活。You seldom hear rude words _ in this _ country.informedmoment / instant/ minuteonly
17、stolenspokendeveloped4. 他提高嗓音以便别人能够听见他。他提高嗓音以便别人能够听见他。He raised his voice so as to _ himself_.5. 他匆忙离开家，留下很多事没做。他匆忙离开家，留下很多事没做。He left home in a hurry, _many things_.6. 回来时，他很惊讶地发现房间被彻底的打扫了，一回来时，他很惊讶地发现房间被彻底的打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。切都布置得井井有条。On his return, he was very _to find his room thoroughly _and everyt
18、hing _in good order.makeheardleavingundonesurprised cleanedarranged7. 明天我将请人把门油漆一下。明天我将请人把门油漆一下。Ill _ my door _tomorrow.8. 人们正在热烈讨论我们希望能够尽快人们正在热烈讨论我们希望能够尽快实施实施的工程。的工程。The project we would like to see _out as soon as possible is under _discussion. 9. 老师手里拿着一本书进来了。老师手里拿着一本书进来了。The teacher entered the room _a book _ in his hand. get paintedcarriedheatedwith held10. 在下班回家途中，他非常恐惧的看到一个在下班回家途中，他非常恐惧的看到一个被打死的男孩躺在路边。被打死的男孩躺在路边。On his way home from work, he was _to see a boy_ to death lying by the road.scared beaten