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1、(Revision)I.I.基本形式和意义基本形式和意义 动词的动词的-ed形式，即传统语法所指的形式，即传统语法所指的“过去分过去分词词”。它是动词的一种非限定形式。动词的。它是动词的一种非限定形式。动词的-ed形式兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带形式兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。动词的宾语或受状语修饰。动词的-ed形式和宾语或状形式和宾语或状语一起构成语一起构成-ed分词短语分词短语.动词动词-ed形式的基本形形式的基本形式是式是“动词动词+-ed”，但也有不规则的形式。，但也有不规则的形式。What happened to the people in the
2、picture? They are injured in the earthquake. What should we do with these people? We should send the injured people to hospital as soon as possible. (1)They found a damaged car at the gate of the park.(2)I bought some painted chairs.(3)He lives in the house built by his father.(4)Have you read this
3、book written by LuXun？1. 1. 单个的过去分词作定语位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；单个的过去分词作定语位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；过去分词短语作定语位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。过去分词短语作定语位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。(1)He is one of.(in the newspaper) interested him. (3)He wanted to interviewthe matter.。a broken heart a lost dog a risen sun an organized trip a broken glass Practice: pleas
4、e analyze the functions of the past participlesPractice: please analyze the functions of the past participles in the given time with the words given a wanted person workers wanted a concerned look the people concerned3. 3. 过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。一个定语从句。(1)We lived in a ho
5、use.(2)The lectureis about environmental protection.We lived in a houseThe lectureis about environmental protection. boiling water= water that is boilingboiled water =water that has boiled正在沸腾的水正在沸腾的水已经沸腾过的水已经沸腾过的水polluted water printed articles 已经被污染的水已经被污染的水已经被打印的文章已经被打印的文章4. 4. 现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作；现
6、在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作； 不及物动词的过去不及物动词的过去分词作定语表示一个已完成的动作；只有及物动词的过去分词分词作定语表示一个已完成的动作；只有及物动词的过去分词才表示一个完成且被动的动作。才表示一个完成且被动的动作。退休工人退休工人逃犯逃犯归国留学生归国留学生Compare the followings: e.g. I have much work to do. The building to be finished at the end of this year will be our lab building. The bird singing in the tree is
7、very beautiful. Did you see the boy being questioned by the police?5. to do to be done doing being done表示一个将来的动作表示一个将来的动作表示一个正在进行的被动动作表示一个正在进行的被动动作表示一个将来的被动动作表示一个将来的被动动作表示一个正在进行的主动动作表示一个正在进行的主动动作The differences (used as Attribute)The differences (used as Attribute) I know the peoplethe house there.
8、The houseover there is a shop. The houseover there is a shop.Complete the following sentences:Do you know the man _ (跟我们数学老师谈话的跟我们数学老师谈话的)？I lost the pen _(我叔叔买的我叔叔买的)。talking to our maths teacherbought by my uncle6.6.有时通过一个数词或形容词加另一名词的过去分词有时通过一个数词或形容词加另一名词的过去分词可构成生动形象的复合形容词可构成生动形象的复合形容词e.g.a three-
9、legged deska one-eyed generalan honest-faced manfive blue-eyed foreignerswarm-heartedgood-tempered一张三条腿的桌子一张三条腿的桌子一个独眼的将军一个独眼的将军一个长相诚实的男人一个长相诚实的男人五个蓝眼睛的外国人五个蓝眼睛的外国人Exercises1.The repairs cost a lot ,but its money well . A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending2.The prize of the game show is 3
10、0,000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid3. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded4.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining compan
11、y, _as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be knownBBABThe film is moving. The audiences feel/are moved.1.-ing作表语与作表语与-ed作表语的区别作表语的区别 Conclusion:现在分词表示主动的意义，常指事物；过去分词表现在分词表示主动的意义，常指事物；过去分词表示被动的意义，常指人。示被动的意义，常指人。. 1.I had nothing to do. I was _(bore) and lonely.2.Jack looked even more _(amaz
12、e) than he felt.3.The results were very _(disappoint).4.I was thanked by the _ (satisfy) customer.amazedboreddisappointingsatisfiedThe window is broken. The window was broken by the boy. Conclusion: be + 过去分词，如果表示动作的完成和过去分词，如果表示动作的完成和状态是系表结构，此时它相当于一个形容词；如果状态是系表结构，此时它相当于一个形容词；如果表示被动的动作是被动语态，此时主语为动作的承
13、表示被动的动作是被动语态，此时主语为动作的承受者受者, ,后常跟后常跟byby短语。短语。2. 2. 过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别Compare:（1） 完全形容词化了的完全形容词化了的动词动词-ed形式形式：可以被可以被very等副词修饰，等副词修饰，可以有比较级等级形式。常见的有可以有比较级等级形式。常见的有常见的有：常见的有：bored, disappointed, excited, frightened, interested, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried 等。等。（2）有
14、的）有的动词动词-ed形式形式可以被副词可以被副词well修饰，如：修饰，如：built, cooked, done, dressed, known, organized, prepared, written等。等。（3）其它副词也可以修饰）其它副词也可以修饰动词动词-ed形式形式 ，如：，如：deeply moved, highly developed, heavily-populated等。等。3. 注意事项注意事项4.动词动词-ed形式作表语时，其后可以接介词短语、不形式作表语时，其后可以接介词短语、不定式短语及定式短语及that 引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。 e.g.: He is
15、 very much disappointed at the result. The mother was pleased to hear from her son. Im satisfied that you didnt tell me a lie.1.As we joined the big crowd, I got _from my friends. A. separated B. spared Clost D. missed2.I dont know the restaurant，but it is _ to be quite a good one. A. said B. told C
16、. spoken D. talked 3. The young man seems to be _in law A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. being interested4. Have you read the news in todays newspaper？This news sounds _. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 5.-Shall we go swimming ? -OK. Ill just go and get _. A. cha
17、nged B. to change C. to be changed D. changingExercises:AABAAStep used as Object Complement1.1.及物动词的过去分词作宾补表示一个完成且被动的动作及物动词的过去分词作宾补表示一个完成且被动的动作; ; 不及物动词的过去分词作宾补只表示动作的不及物动词的过去分词作宾补只表示动作的完成和状态。完成和状态。 When he arrived, he found all the work finished. We found the village greatly changed.2. 2. 现在分词作宾补表示一
18、个主动或正在进行的动作现在分词作宾补表示一个主动或正在进行的动作; ; 现在分现在分词的被动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的被动动作。词的被动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的被动动作。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting . I saw the child being beaten by his father. The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. With all the work finished, he went back.（1）让某人做某事让某人做某事/ /让某事（被人）做让某
19、事（被人）做（2 2）遭受某种损失或某种不愿要的结果）遭受某种损失或某种不愿要的结果1. have sth done Yesterday she had her wallet stolen. The old man had his leg broken in the accident. 2.介词介词with宾语过去分词宾语过去分词The villagers had many trees planted just then. I have had my bike repaired.ATTENTIONExercises:1.You should understand the traffic rul
20、e by now. Youve had it _ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained2.Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. make herself heard D. to make herself heard3.If you want _ immediately, you have to give us some money in a
21、dvance. A. that the work be done B. the work done C. to have done the job D. the job that is doneDDB4. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked5. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year. A. carry ou
22、t B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry outBC1. 作时间状语作时间状语Told of his mothers accident, Jack phoned the hospital.Translated into English, the sentence was found to have a different word order.When asked to speak, he complained about the poor service.2. 作原因状语作原因状语Caught in the rain, he had a fev
23、er.Inspired by Oprah Winfery, she became confident.Step used as Adverbial3. 作条件状语作条件状语Given more time, Ill be able to do it better. Cleared, this site would be very valuable.The house will look bigger if painted white.She will gladly come to your house if invited.4. 作让步状语作让步状语Defeated, he remained a
24、 popular boxer.Though told to stop, he kept on walking.Even if given every opportunity, they would not succeed.5. 作方式状语作方式状语I am returning your letter as requested.He was walking sadly as if injured.6. 作伴随状语作伴随状语Mary came out of the room, followed by her dog.A crowd rushed in, armed with sticks.1. S
25、een from the hill, our school looks more beautiful.2. Seeing from the hill, we can see our beautiful school.3. Having studied hard, he succeeded in passing the final exam.4. Having been told to stay in Beijing, the boy decided not to return to his village.Conclusion: 1. 1.过去分词和现在分词逻辑上的主语都为句子主语，过去分词和
26、现在分词逻辑上的主语都为句子主语，但是过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系，而现在分词与主语之但是过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系，而现在分词与主语之间存在主动关系。间存在主动关系。2.2.现在分词的完成被动式和过去分词两者都可表示现在分词的完成被动式和过去分词两者都可表示 “ “完成完成”和和 “被动被动”, ,但前者更加强调分词动作明显先于谓语动作但前者更加强调分词动作明显先于谓语动作; ;而后者而后者的时间性不强。的时间性不强。7.动词的动词的 ed形式与形式与-ing 形式作状语的区别：形式作状语的区别：doing having done donehaving been done与句中主语构成
27、逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时发生同时发生与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生语动作发生与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生于谓语动作发生The differences (used as Adverbial)Exercises:1._ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water
28、and heating supply breakdowns. A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put2._ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed3._ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B.
29、Lost C. Being lost D. Losing4.When_help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered5.When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced6._ with the size of the whol
30、e earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When compare C. Comparing D. When compared7. _ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decide to spend another two days on the farm. A. Attracting B . Having attracted C. To be attracted D. Attracted8. They are going to have th
31、e service man _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A. fix B. to fix C. to be fixed D. fixed9. You will see this product _ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising10._the programe, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed11.Our self-respect increased when _by others. A. feeling accepted B. accepted C. we feel accepted D. acceptingFinish all the exercises on page 108 in your workbookHomework