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1、Book 5 Unit 1 Book 5 Unit 1 GrammarGrammar过分做表语、定语、补语1.过去做定语1.惊恐的人们2.被污染的水3.拥挤的教室4.打碎的花瓶5.关了的门1.terrified/astonishedpeople2.pollutedwater3.acrowdedroom4.abrokenvase5.acloseddoor一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。eg：a lost animal a used stampan injured finger a broken coin a lighted candle一只迷路的动物一枚用过
2、的邮票一个受伤的手指一枚破损的硬币一支点燃的蜡烛注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。e.g.：spoken English 英语口语 written exercises 书面练习少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶 the risensun升起来的太阳a retiredteacher一名退休教师an escapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。English is a widely used language.This is one of the scho
3、ols builtin1980s.3.过去分词作定语位置2、过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和或完成意义。e.g.：How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth 我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。The books written by Lu Xun are popular 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥
4、。现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playingA解析 过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912.1.Thewoman_alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give区别CA 2.I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twai
5、n from the library last week.I like it very much.A.written B.writing C.was written D.to write1.Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?A.to be held B.having been held C.held D.being held小试二、过去分词作表语1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech 听了他的发言，在场
6、的所有人都很振奋。You seem frightened.你似乎受了惊吓。2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态；而被动语态中，强调动作。e.g.：This shop is now closed 这 家 商 店 现 在 已 经 关 门 了。This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday 这家商店每天6点关门。(状态)(动作）现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别 V-ing 形式表示“令人的”V-ed 形式表示“某人感到的”Thestoryis interesting.Iam interestedinthestory.Dotheex
7、ercise4onpage5C Whathehasdoneisreally_.Nowhisparentsare_him.A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby 1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.in
8、teresting;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe_news,weallfelt_A.encouraging;encouragingB.encouraged;encouragedC.encouraged;encouragingD.encouraging;encouraged1.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,_as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown高考链接B解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关
9、系，故用过去分词表示被动。2.The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.A.recorded B.recording C.to be recorded D.having recorded高考链接A解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3.Dontusewords,expressions,orphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenkn
10、ownC.tobeknownD.known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4.TsinghuaUniversity,_in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.(2011 福建)A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded高考链接C5.Theplayers_fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummergame.(2011 湖南)A.selectingB
11、.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected高考链接C6.Withthegovernmentsaid,those_bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.(2009 上海)A.affectB.affectedC.affectingD.wereaffected高考链接B7.Goods_onlineareoftencheaperthanthoseinthesupermarket.A.tobuyB.buyingC.boughtD.havebeenbought8.Alltheroadslookedthesameandhefelt
12、thoroughly_.A.confusedB.confusingC.confuseD.confusion9.Thenewssounds_.A.encouragingB.tobeencouragedC.encouragedD.beingencouraged10.Alice,hurryup.Imafraidyouwonthavetimeto_beforetheparty.A.getchangeB.getchangingC.getchangedD.gettochangeTask:TrytoanalyzethefollowingsentencesWethinkhimclever.Wesawheren
13、teringtheroom.Youmustgettheworkfinishedby10oclock.EveryonecallshimTom.Youmustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.宾语 宾补I saw them _(catch)in the rain.caughtIhadmyhair_(cut)yesterday.cut Thehouseisbroken.Pleasegetthehouse_(mend)now.mended XiaoXinfoundallhismoney_(steal)onthestreet.stolenMymotherneverallowme
14、toplaycomputergameswithmyhomework_(unfinish).unfinished作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.Iwanttheletterposted.我想把这封信寄出去。Canyousmellthefoodburnt？你能闻到食物糊了吗？2.Shefoundherringgoneonherwayhome.在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。Theyfoundtheworldchanged.他们发现世界改变了。Isawtheleavesfallenthismorning.今天早上，我发现树叶落了。3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegi
15、rlseatedinthecorner.我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。Hecannotgethimselfdressed.他不会自己穿衣服。Ifoundthecathiddenunderthebed,whohadcaughtamouse？我发现猫藏在床下，谁把老鼠捉到的？过去分词作宾补常用于以下五个方面:1.在感官动词（feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch 等）之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.Whenwegottoschool,wefoundthedoorlocked.2.在表示“意欲；命
16、令”的动词（like,order,want,wish）之后Iwishtheseletterstypedassoonaspossible.Hedidntwantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.3.在使役动词（get,have,make,keep,leave）之后,用过去分词作宾语补足语,表示“使/让被做”。Iwanttomakemyhaircut.Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentists.Thebossmadetheworkersworkdayandnight.Theymadepaperflowerstodecorate
17、thehouse.=Theworkersweremadetoworkdayandnight=Paperflowersweremadetodecoratethehouse.2.看watch,notice,see,lookat,observe,catch听hear,listento感feel 闻smell 发现find3.情感want,wish,like1.使役keep,leave,get,have,makesth./sb.done4.“have+宾语过去分词”的几种含义在“have宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have也可用get。这一结构有以下几种含义：1.Hewantstoha
18、vehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.2.Becareful,oryoullhaveyourhandshurt.意为“主语遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。3.Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.过去分词与现在分词不定式作宾语补足语的区别过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，现在分词强调它们之间的主动关系，不定式强调动发生的全
19、过程。Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.(表方式)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.(表条件)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.(表原因)5.用在“with”的复合结构中（withsb./sth.done.）注意：Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。(fixoneseyeson 为固定短语)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraise
20、d.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。但是：Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.她觉得心跳很快。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.MissLinfoundherhouse_（breakinto）whenshecamebackfromNewYork.2.Themanagerwashappytoseealloftheproblems_(settle)soquickly.settledbrokeninto3.WhenIenteredtheoffice,Ifoundthewindow_(break)andthecomputer_(steal).4.Jameshadsomeflowers_(send
21、)toSarahonherbirthday.brokenstolensent5.Whathehadsaidmademe_.(surprise)6.Therewasaterriblenoise_thesuddenburstoflight.(follow)7.Myglassesarebroken.Illhavetogetthem_.(repair)8.Withherfinger_tothebrokenvase,mymotheraskedme,“Whodidthat?”(point)surprisedfollowingrepairedpointing1.Themanagerdiscussedthep
22、lanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyear.A.carryout B.carryingC.carriedout D.tocarryout2.Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?Idliketohavethispackage_,madam.A.toweighB.weighedC.beweighedD.tobeweighedCB 二、单项填空。3.Inthepastfewyears,wehavehadthousandsoftrees_aroundourschool.A.plantB.plantedC.plantingD.beingplanted4.Ist
23、histherecorderyouwant_?A.tohaverepairedB.torepairedC.tohaveitrepairedD.itrepaired5.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.takingBAC6.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade_tothepublicuntillastThursday.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.tobeknown7.Hefoundthem_attable_.A.sat;toplaychessB.s
24、itting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechessBC8.Icanmakeyou_whatIsay,butyoucantmakeyourself_inEnglish.A.understand;understandB.understand;understoodC.tounderstand;understandD.understand;tobeunderstoodB9.Thegirlaskedhimnottoleavethedoor_.A.tocloseB.closedC.tobeclosedD.closing10.Ihaveoft
25、enheardtheABCsong_,butIhaveneverheardAlice_it.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sung;singD.sang;singingBC11.Thetwostudentsweretoldtohavetheclassroom_afterschool.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleaningD.toclean12.CanyousuggestagoodwaytogetmyspokenEnglish_inashortperiodoftime?A.improveB.improvingC.toimproveD.impr
26、ovedBD13.YoucanhearEnglish_inalmosteveryuniversityinChina.A.speakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeakC1.Ioftenhearthegirl_thisEnglishsonginherroom.2.Thegirlisoftenheard_thisEnglishsonginherroom.3.IhearthisEnglishsong_inherroom.4.ThisEnglishsongwasheard_bythegirlinherroom.5.Iheardthegirl_thisEnglishsonginherroomwhenIpassedby.singtosingsungsungsinging三、用sing 的正确形式填空。