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1、涿州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练2及答案 (第*篇)How to Be a WinnerSir Steven RedgraveWinner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病)Believing my career(职业生涯) was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competin
2、g. That was itthe encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isnt difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasnt finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.Karen PickeringSwimming World Champion“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days
3、a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to suceessyou cant follow a career in any field without being wellorganized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and youll be a step
4、closer to achieving them.Kirsten BestPoet & Writer“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I cant achieve something. Then，there are other distractions,_such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such ascalm，peace
5、orfocus， either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological(心理的) tool.语篇解读本文表达了三位名人在成功的道路上所经历的不同的事情，一是战胜了病痛，一定克服了精力分散的困难，一是通过坚持不懈努力，最后都取得了胜利。1What does Sir St
6、even Redgrave mainly talk about?A. Difficulties influenced his career.B. Specialists offered him medical advice.C. Training helped him defeat his disease.D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.解析推理判断题。第一局部写了Sir Steven得了糖尿病，但最终克服了病痛拿到了金牌，故D项符合题意。答案D2What does Karen Pickering put on top of her di
7、ary?A. Her training schedule.B. Her daily happenings.C. Her achievements.D. Her sports career.解析事实细节题。第二局部第二句中，it指代前面的句子内容，即她的训练方案。答案A3What does the underlined word“distractions probably refer to?A. Ways that help one to focus.B. Words that help one to feel less tense.C. Activities that turn ones at
8、tention away.D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.解析猜想词义题。从下文“The key is to concentrate.可以推出是指分散作家注意力的活动。答案C4According to the passage，what do the three people have in common?A. Courage.B. Devotion.C. Hard work. D. Selfconfidence.解析事实细节题。第一局部中“I could still be a winner if I believed in myself
9、.，第二局部中“Trust yourself.及第三局部中“It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence.都说明自信是他们三个的共同之处。答案D长难句解读Trust yourself，write down your goals for the day，however small they are，and youll be a step closer to achieving them.相信你自己，不管目标多小，每天把它们写下来，这样你会向实现它们又迈进了一步。“祈使句and/or现在将来时句子结构中，祈使句可转换成由i
10、f引导的条件句。本句含有两个祈使句，第二个祈使句又含有一个让步状语从句。*结束科普说明文：African elephant 有两个不同的种类66. fossils 定位，找到第三段第一句，有两种fossils，mam和mas，选项D67. 文中divergence of the two species指代前文the Ase and the Afe have been distinct species, divergence与distinct同义替换，对应选项C68. conclusion, based on定位，找到倒数第二段最后一句lay in 与based on 同义替换，答案：A69.
11、AR定位，找到倒数第一段，从AR的话中，第一句for conservation purpose, 最后一句for conservation purpose确定A70.文章首句点明全文主旨，答案：C4.卷DWhy should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on
12、conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the sp
13、read of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without
14、knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical poss
15、essions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather foreca
16、sting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave
17、 and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. Without the ability to reach out
18、across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and s
19、urely could in the future.71. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?A. To express his doubts.B. To compare different ideas.C. To introduce points for discussion.D. To describe the conditions on Earth.72. What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2?A. Humans are natur
20、e-born to do so.B. Humans have the tendency to fight.C. Humans may find new sources of food.D. Humans dont like to stay in the same place.73. The underlined word“spin-offs in Paragraph 4 probably refers to_.A. survival chancesB. potential resourcesC. unexpected benefitsD. physical possessions74. Wha
21、t makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?A. Our genetic makeup.B. Resources on the earth.C. The adaptive ability of humans. D. By-products in space exploration.75. Which of the statements can best sum un the passage?A. Space exploration has created many wonders.B. Space exploration pr
22、ovided the best value for money.C. Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth. 解析：71. 推理判断题。答案选C。文章是典型的议论说明文，是提出问题，分析问题的套路。第一段通过提出一系列关于太空探索利弊的问题引发讨论。并不是真的有这些疑心，也没有鲜明的正反观点，所以AB不对。D偏差较远。72. 主旨题。答案选A。第二段是典型的总分总结构，主旨句在段首段尾。Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human
23、beings. 主要原因在于人类基因。Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible. 而B选项错在fight这个词。CD没提及。73. 词义猜想题。选C。根据spin off 前面的we have already benefited from other spin off 关键词 benefit，受益。而spin off后面的including 说的全是获得的利益，如improvements in earthquake prediction. 地震
24、预测的进步等等，而不是什么生存时机，或者潜在资源。所以选C。74. 细节题。答案选C。按照问题顺序一致原那么，答案应当出现在最后两段。在最后一段的首句我们找到了一个极端词用以定位。While earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets.直接由翻译可知，人类的适应能力使我们在其他星球的居住成为可能。75. 推理判断题。选D。除去前两段引入，第三段主旨句首句的意思是每个文明都会探索周围文明以减
25、低危险，第四段主旨句首句说的是探索使得我们能够发现潜在能源。第五段主旨句首句说的是探索使得很多人发现解决问题的有用资源。总的来说，就可归结为，太空探索可以帮助我们很多，防止很多问题。*结束短文改错共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分此题要求改正所给短文中的错误，对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边的横线上划一个；如有错误每行只有一个错误；那么按以下情况改正：此行多一词：把多余的词用斜线划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不
26、要改。This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 66. the most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 67. FestivalMy grandma was the best cooker in the world 68. but could make the most delicious dishesOne time, I just 69. couldnt wait for the Spring Festival dinnerAs I was70. about ta
27、ke a piece from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 71. the kitchen looking at meShake her head, she said, It 72. isnt a good time to do that, dear At once I apologize73. and controlled me at my best till the dinner startedYou 74. know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month 75. 参考答案、66.boy前加
28、a 67.去掉when 68.cooker改为cook 69.but改为and 70. 71.about后加to 72.Shake改为Shaking 73.apologize改为apologized *结束例1 卷Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across Americas farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and cro
29、p-eating insects. The countrys fanners are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of fanners is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the sta
30、tistics are completed.Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of .Americas farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting th
31、at put agriculture at No.1 on a list of useless college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.“There couldnt be anything thats more incorrect, Merrigan said. We know that there arent enough
32、qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.“I truly believe were at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high,
33、 and global supplies are at all-time record lows, said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing mo
34、re farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.Ryan Best, president of Future Fanners of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country a
35、nd visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21 -year-old Best hopes his message-that this is a new time in agriculture-will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. Never before have we had the innovations ( 创新) in technology which have led to agricultu
36、re in this country being the most efficient it has ever been, he said. “theres really a place for everybody to fit in.59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?A. Fewer and older farmers.B. Higher fuel prices.C. More natural disasters.D. Lower agricultural output.点拨 A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The
37、countrys farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place可知，A项正确。 60.Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?A.To draw federal agriculture officials attention.B.To select qualified agriculture graduates.C.To clarify a recent blog posting.D.T
38、o talk more students into farming careers点拨 D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture可知，D项正确。*结束(质检)and leAnd I believe in nobody can chang答案与解析：1hobbyhobbiesmany后接复数名词，下文such as后列举的内容也是提示。2piano前加
39、theplay the piano表示“弹钢琴，是固定搭配。西洋乐器类名词前常用定冠词the。3去掉mostfavorite本身就是“最喜爱的，因此原句语义重复。45ButSo前后逻辑上是因果而不是转折关系。6westwestern依据语境这里表示“西方文化，应用形容词western作定语。7improvingimprovebe able to do sth.表示“能够做某事。8hopedhope这里表示说话人现在的愿望，故应用一般现在时。9去掉inI believe that.我相信。believe in表示“信任，信仰，其后不能接从句。10howwhatno matter what happens无论发生什么，what充当从句的主语。*结束