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1、用心爱心专心高二英语定语从句人教版【同步教育信息 】一. 本周教学内容：定语从句二. 教学重难点：关系词的用法三. 具体内容：（一）主语和谓语一致1. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。例如：The boy who is standing at the door is my son.2. 在 one of the +复数名词 +定语从句 ”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。例如：This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.3. 在
2、“the only one of the +复数名词 +定语从句 ”结构中， one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。例如：This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.（二）关系代词的省略在限制性定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略；作宾语时在口语中可以省略。在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。例如：A plane is a machine that can fly.The finger（ that ）I put into my mout
3、h was not the one（that ） I had dipped into the cup.Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14,1865.His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.（三）正确使用that 和 which1. that 指物，有时也可以指人，which 指物，不能指人。Which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that 则不能。例如：Who is the man that
4、 is reading the newspaper?（正）Who is the man which is reading the newspaper?（误）The room in which she lives is a large one.（正）The room in that she lives is a large one.（误）2. 先行词前面有形容词最高级，序数词，next, last, very, any, little, no 等修饰时，用 that 不用 which 引导定语从句。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1
5、页，共 9 页用心爱心专心例如：This is the best film that I have seen.（正）This is the best film which I have seen.（误）3. 先行词是all, much, little, none等时，用 that而不用 which 引导定语从句。例如：Thats all that I want to say.（正）Thats all which want to say.（误）4. 先行词是不定代词something, anything, everything时，一般用that而不用which 引导定语从句。例如：Is ther
6、e anything that you want in this shop?（正）Is there anything which you want in this shop?（误）注： 当 something 表示具体的事物，重要的东西，重要的人物等确定意义时，它是名词，关系代词用that 或 which 均可。例如：There was the mysterious something which/that they had worked so hard to find: radium.5. 先行词是人和物同时出现时，要用that 而不用 which/who 引导定语从句。例如：He talk
7、ed about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. （正）He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.（误）6. 先行词本身是that 时，一般用which 引导定语从句。例如：The predicate is that which is said of the subject.7. 在 who开头的疑问句中，若还要用关系代词引导定语从句时，用that 引导定语从句。例如：Who is the girl that is sin
8、ging in the hall?8. 当关系词后面有插入语时用which 引导定语从句。例如：Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help to improve your English.（四）定语从句要用关系词引导。例如：I have three friends, none of whom can speak French.（正）I have three friends, none of them can speak French.（误）注： 若把逗号 “，”改为分号 “；”误句也就变为正确的句子
9、了。（五）先行词受such, the same 修饰时，通常用as 引导定语从句。例如：This is not such a book as I want.This is the same book as I want.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心试比较： the sameas 与 the same thatThis is the same knife as I lost. 这把刀跟我丢的是一模一样的。（两把刀）This is the same knife that I lost. 这把刀就是我丢的
10、。（一把刀）（六） as 和 which 指整个主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句的区别。as 和 which 指整个主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句有时可以通用。as 引导的定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句末；which 引导的定于从句一般只位于句末。as 引导的定语从句常与know, see, report, say, expect, announce等动词连用；which 引导的这类定语从句时常作实意动词的主语，当它引导的从句与主句之间含有并列关系或结果关系时，一般用 which 。例如：As we all know ,China is a country with a long histo
11、ry.China is a country with a long history, as is known to us all.Tom did not pass the exam, which made his mother very angry.（七）用关系代词还是关系副词先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，引导定语从句是用关系副词还是用关系代词，关键在于关系词在从句中充当的成分。如果充当状语，就用关系副词引导定语从句；如果充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。例如：This is the school where Mr. Cheng works. This is the school that
12、Mr. Cheng set up ten years ago.I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.I will never forget the day that I spent with Mr. Isaak.That was the reason that he gave me yesterday.That was the reason why he gave me a note yesterday.注意：1. 关系副词一般可以改为“介词 +which” 。例如：The reason why/for which I didn
13、t come this morning is that it rained hard.October 1st , 1949 was the day when/on which the Peoples Republic of China was founded.This was the city where /in which he was taken away by the enemy.2. why 不能引导非限制性定语从句。3. 关系代词that 有一种特殊的用法。That 在限制性定语从句中可以作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，代替when , where, why,或“介词 +whic
14、h” 。例如：We will never forget the year that（= when）SARS broke out in China.That is the place that（=where）the health workers fought against SARS.This was the reason that（ =why）there were over 2000 SARS cases in Beijing.That was the way that（=in which）we fought against SARS.4. from where中的 where 为关系代词。例
15、如：He stood near the north window, from where he could see the whole garden.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心【典型例题分析】1. She heard the terrible noise , brought her heart into her mouth .A. it B. which C. this D. that2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the
16、play , of course , made the others unhappy .A. who B. which C. this D. what3. The weather turned out to be very good , was more than we could expect .A. what B. which C. that D. it4. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , was very reasonable .A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D.
17、 the price of whose5. The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital , she spent her 19th birthday. A. that B. which C. where D. and解析：1. B 非限定性定语从句中，which 指前面的整句话。2. B Dorothy高度赞扬她的角色的事使其他人不高兴。3. B 天气的转好是大家所没料到的。4. B which 前加介词。 the price of the vase 5. C where 做地点状语。【模拟试题】 l. I wil
18、l never forget the day I joined the League.A. whichB. whenC. in which D. on that2. September 18, 1931 is the day well never forget.A. that B. whenC. on which D. on that3. I remember the day I first came to the college.A. on which B. in which C. which D. that4. It is the man looked for caught the mur
19、derer.A. that who B. that they C. theythat D. they .which5. I remember the day I first met on.A. which B. when C . in which D . on that6. Is this factory we visited last year?A. whereB. in whichC . the one D . at which7. This is the factory we visited last year.A. whereB. whichC . the one D .at whic
20、h8. Is this the factory your father works?A. where B. whichC. of which D. in that9. This is the best factory I have visited all my life.A. whereB. whichC . when D. that10. Is this the factory colour TV set are produced?A. that B. whichC . in which D . in that精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - -
21、 - -第 4 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心11. Have you found the woman purse was lost?A. her B. of which C. thatD. whose12. Where is the window glass is broken?A. whichB. thatC. whose D. its13. The book, the cover is broken, is not mine. A. of it B. for C. whoseD. of which14. Who is the comrade was there?A. whom B . tha
22、tC. which D. whose15. Who s the comrade you just shook hands with?A . whom B .whichC. whoseD. of which16. Do you know the comrade we are talking?A. to whomB. to whoC . whom D. to that17. The comrade is speaking at the meeting is a good worker.A. whomB. whichC. who D. whose18. Mr. Green, has come for
23、 a visit to China, arrived in Shanghai yesterday.A. whom B. thatC. whichD. who19. He met my mother, from he got the news of my marriage.A. whom B . whoC. whichD. whose20. The great trouble he show us how to run the machine him completely tired out .A. took to.made B. takes to.makeC. took.make D. tak
24、e to.to make21. This is Mr. Smith, I think has something to tell you.A. who B . whomC. thatD. x22. His father is an engineer, makes him very proud.A. for what B. whichC . that D. what23. He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. what24. He is the only man I can
25、find for the work.A. whos B. whoseC. thatD. which25. I, your close friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who is B. who amC. that is D. what is26. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who in China.A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working27. Mr. Smith is the only one of thos
26、e foreigners who in China.A. worksB. is working C. are working D. have been working28. Who has seen the TV film doesnt admire it?A. that B. whoC. whichD. as29. Those want to see the film please put down your names. A. which B. whatC. whose D. who30. He does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man
27、.A. whatB. whoC . whichD. as31. That was the reason Mac refused to speak at the meeting.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心A. why B. thatC. which D. of which32. Do you know the reason he was late for school.A. of it B. for itC. which D. for which33. That was the reason Mac
28、 refused to speak for at the meeting.A. whyB. thatC. for that D. for which34. That was the reason Mac gave me the other day.A. whyB. for thatC. whichD. for which35. The picture has mountains and rivers is the one I like best. A. which B. whoseC . what D. where36. Please bring back the dictionary I l
29、ent to you last week .A. whereB. what C. which D. who37. The knife we cut the bread is very sharp.A. with which B. that whichC. which withD . which38. He bought me a dictionary on my birthday, made me happy.A. whichB. that C. who D. whom39. His dog, was now very old, became ill and died.A. itB. that
30、 C. whose D. which40. I saw some trees , the leaves of were black with disease .A. thatB. whichC . whoseD . the trees41. You must watch carefully everything he does in class.A. where B. thatC. whoD. what42. He told me all he knew.A. which B. what C. thatD. who43. This is one of the most exciting foo
31、tball games Ive seen.A. thatB. whichC. what D. whom44. The last place we visited in the countryside was a farm.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. in which45. The first English novel I read was Robinson Crusoe.A. which B. thatC. whereD. who46 .You can never imagine what great trouble I have had the patient wh
32、o receive a serious wound.A. treat B. to treatC. treating D. treated47. When he came back from abroad, John told his parents about the cities and the people he had visited. A. who B. whichC . where D. that48. Is there any question troubles you much.A. which B. whereC. who D. that49. Who is the man i
33、s speaking there.A. whomB. whichC . that D .whose50. She is the only person understands me .A. whomB . whatC. whose D. that5l. This is the very book I am after.A. which B. thatC. whose D. whom精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心52. He is not the man he used to be.A. thatB.
34、whoC. whom D. which53. Is there anything I can do for you ,miss?A. which B. whatC. thatD. whom54. Nothing he does is badly done. A. whichB. that C. whatD. but55. Little has been done is helpful to our work. A. what B. which C. that D. all that56. Not only the car he been sold by his son for gambling
35、 debts but also his new house. A. XhasB. had had C. has had D. washas57. This is the last time I shall give you a lesson.A. when B. thatC. which D. in which58. I dont like the way you laugh at her.A. thatB. on whichC. whichD. as59. The theory hes stuck us that earthquakes can be forecast.A. to prove
36、 to B. to proves toC. proves to D. which proved60. George was the only boy at school I really liked.A. whomB. whoseC. whenD. which61. My family, are all music lovers, will go to the concert.A. which B. thatC. whoD. in which62. I m seeing Tom tomorrow, hell be back from New York.A. when B. whoC. whic
37、hD. that63. The high building is a big hotel.A. we are looking at it B. we lookingC. at that we are lookingD. we are looking at64. The baby is not here.A. of that she is taking good careB. who she is taking good careC. of who she is taking good careD. whom she is taking good care of65. I used to liv
38、e in a house, grew a tall tree .A. in front of it B. in front of whichC. in the front of whichD. in front of that66. He visited America and Canada, countries he had a good time .A. in thatB. in thoseC. in which D. in whom67. I like the way he talks and laughs.A. whichB. whenC. in which D. for which6
39、8. This is the worker, the book was written .A. who B. whomC. of whom D. by whom69. The beautiful village we spend our holiday in last month lies at the foot of a mountain .A. which B. thatC. whereD. at which精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心70. These are the tools to wor
40、k.A. with theseB. by theseC. by whichD. with which71. This is the reason he was put in prison.A. of itB. for itC. in whichD. for which72. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of there is a pair of thick glasses .A. who B. that C. whomD. which73. There are many girls here, non
41、e of likes football.A. who B. whomC. that D. which74. China has a lot of famous writers, one of is Lu Xun .A. who B. whomC. thatD. which75. China has a lot of islands, one of is Taiwan.A. who B. whomC. that D. which精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页用心爱心专心试题答案110 BAACA CBADC1120 DCDBA ACDAA2130 ABCCB CBADB3140 ADBCA CAADB4150 BCAAB CDDCD5160 BACBC CBABA6170 CADDB CCDAD7175 DCBBD精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页