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1、1 / 17 2018 届高考英语学案：外研版Module 2No Drugs禁毒核心词汇1It is _ (违法的 to sell tobacco to someone under 16.2She had been falsely accused of_ (偷窃in a clothing store.3Students often see little _(联系 between school and the rest of their lives.4. Small businesses will need to _(减少costs in order.5. Habitual _(罪犯 shou
2、ld receive tougher punishments than firsttime offenders.6. Immigrants have had a _(有力的 influence on the local culture.7. It is important to _ (认识how little we know about this disease.8Students were handing out election_ ( 传单 at the street.9Heroin is _.He is a heroin _.He became _to drugs when he was
3、 young.And the_ cost him his wealth and health.(addict 10. Trading has been adversely_by the downtown in consumer spending .It is supposed that the_will last a 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 17 页2 / 17 year.(affect1.illegal2.shoplifting3.connection4.reduce 5. criminals6.powerfu
4、l7.recognize8.leaflets9. addictive ；addict ；addicted ；addiction10.affected；effect高频短语1._查阅2_ 强行闯入；破门而入3_ 有可能做4_ 定下一个日期5_ 和有关6_ 属于7_ 代替8_ 听取某人的建议9._ 为了10_ 放弃；戒除11_ 对上瘾；沉迷于1.look up2.break into3.be likely to do4.set a date,5.be related to6.belong to7.instead of8.take ones advice9.in order to/so as to1
5、0.give up11.become addicted to重点句式1.I_ be a drug addict. 我曾经是个瘾君子。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 17 页3 / 17 2Users _ the drug are also _they_ needles_other users.如果那些注射毒品的人和其他吸毒者共用针头的话，他们会面临更多危险。Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, _ . 现在我在一家戒毒所工作，帮助其他的吸毒者戒毒。4How many of th
6、em break the law _ pay for their drugs?他们中有多少人为了买毒品而犯法？5Some people feel _nervous when they see drug users _ they call the police.一些人看到瘾君子很害怕就报警了。6 It was _ loud music _ we couldn t hear ourselves speak. 音乐如此大声以至于我们听不到自己说话。7I _ agree_. 我非常同意。 (我再同意不过了。 8 _ youre doing when you want to smoke do somet
7、hing else!无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！1.used to2.who inject ；in more danger if ； share ；with 3.helping others to stop taking drugs4.in order to,5.so ； that 6.such ； that精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 17 页4 / 17 7.couldn t；more 8.Whatever知识详解 reduce vt.减少；缩减；约束，限制；使降低，降职；使变为(某个状态 (回归课
8、本 P12 reduce.to. 把减少到 ,reduce.by. 把减少了 ,reduce sb.to doing sth. 迫使某人做某事；使某人不得不做某事,reduction n.缩小，减少；缩版,make a reduction减价【归纳总结】【例句探源】The expenses have been reduced to 1,000 yuan one month.每月的费用已降到1,000 元。The expenses have been reduced by 200 yuan one month. 每月的费用已降了200 元。Eventually Charlotte was red
9、uced to begging on the streets.最后夏洛特被迫沦落到沿街乞讨。We can make a reduction if you buy in bulk. 如果你大批购买，我们可以降低价格。1Many students have dropped out of school and now the number of our class has _50.Areduced by Breduced to Cincreased to Dincreased by 解读：选 B。reduce.to后面数字指减少后的总量，reduce.by 后面数字指纯精选学习资料 - - - -
10、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 17 页5 / 17 减少的量或比率。由上面说到drop ，故排除 C、D。【即境活用】2. Since then the number of people stopping smoking _10%.Ahas reduced to Breduces by Chas reduced by Dreduces to 解读：选 C。由 since then 可判断主句应用现在完成时，排除B、D 两项；再根据句意“自从那时戒烟人数减少了10%”，强调差额用介语by，故选 C。 likely adj.很可能的，看来要发生的；(像
11、是可靠的，可信的；似乎有理的adv.很可能(回归课本 P9 Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.吸毒者更有可能在学校遇到麻烦。【归纳总结】 It is likely that he will be late. He is likely to be late.他可能会迟到。“He said you d be giving them a lift.” “Not likely ！”“他说你会让他们搭便车。”“绝不可能！”It is likely that you could suffer from bad health i
12、f you keep smoking.如果继续吸烟，你很可能会健康状况不佳。That means the price is likely to go down because of the competition.这意味着价格有可能因为竞争而下降。【例句探源】精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 17 页6 / 17 likely ，possible ，probable 三者都有“可能的”之意，区别如下：(1likely 是形容词，表示某事很可能发生，与probable 意思相近，但主语可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is
13、likely that.或 sb./sth.be likely to do.”句型中，但不能说“ It is likely for sb.to do sth.”。(2possible可能性相对小，作表语时，主语不能是人，常用句式为“It is possible for sb. to do sth.”或“ It is possible that.”。【易混辨析】(3probable 带有“很可能”的意味，语气比possible强，作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语，常用句式为“It is probable that.”。It isn t likely that I should accept suc
14、h an offer as that.It s possible_to break with old habits. It is _probable that he will succeed. 3.Young Americans who don t go to university _get jobs which bring low income.Aare likely toBare possible to Cwere able to Dliked to 解读：选A。句意是：没有上大学的美国年轻人可能做一些低收入的工作。likely 可用于 sb./sth.is likely to do而 p
15、ossible 不能。【即境活用】4 (2010年 山 东青 岛 质 检 A senior firefighter said it was_that the fire，which broke out at midnight，was caused 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 17 页7 / 17 by someone on purpose.Apossibly Blikely Cprobably Dobviously 解读：选 B。根据 It is likely that 句型得出答案，其它三个词都是副词，不能用于该句型
16、。 affect vt.影响，对有坏影响； (疾病侵袭；假装；喜欢(回归课本 P9 Smoking in a park doesnt affect other people in the same way.在公园吸烟不会以同样的方式影响别人。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives.彼得泰勒试图弄清计算机和互联网将如何影响我们的生活。They wer e deeply affected by the news of her death.她死亡的消
17、息使他们唏嘘不已。(2010 年高考辽宁卷 The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature.这项实验表明我们的生物钟受光线和温度的影响。She was affected with high fever. 她发高烧。affect，effect，influence 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 17 页8 / 17 三个词都有“影响”的意思。(1affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，
18、有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。(2effect作“影响”讲时，通常用作名词，构成have an effect on“对有影响”。 effect作动词时，指“使(某事物 产生；使发生；引起”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果。(3influence指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响”。【易混辨析】 The games don t have a(n _effect on grownups but affect students a great deal.Influenced by a high school biology teacher，he took up
19、the study of medicine.This book effected a change in my opinion. 5Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has _the quality of the programs.Alessened Bdeclined Caffected Deffected 解读：选C。句意为：批评家认为电视被大量的广告所控制，这影响了节目的质量。 affect常指不好的影响； lessen “减少”； decline “降低”，指力量、权力、数量等的削减；
20、effect“引起；产生”，只有affect符合句意。【即境活用】精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 17 页9 / 17 recognise vt.辨认出；认出；认识到；认知(回归课本 P19Participants learn to recognise smoking triggers.参与者学会分辨吸烟的诱因【归纳总结】recognise sb./sth.as/to be承认某人 / 物是；认出某人 / 物是It s recognised that.人们意识到 Salera came home so thin and
21、weak that her own children hardly recognised her.赛莉娅回家时又瘦又弱，连她自己的孩子都几乎认不出她来了。He is recognised as the head of the company. 他被认为是公司的领导。It was recognised that he was not qualified for the work.人们认识到他做这项工作不合格。【例句探源】recognise ，know (1recognise 指把原来认识的人 / 物再次“辨认出”，是非延续性动词。(2know“认识并熟悉某人 / 物”，是延续性动词。Someti
22、mes we can t recognise,_ones voice on the phone even though we know him/her.I know him so well that I can recognise his steps.【易混辨析】6(2010 年高考辽宁卷 Alexander tried to get his work_in the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 17 页10 / 17 medical circles.Ato recognizeBrecognizing Crecogni
23、ze Drecognized 解读：选D。句意： Alexander试图使自己的工作在医学界得到认可。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。 get sth.done表示使某事物被做，如get my hair cut表示理发； get her finger burnt表示她的手指被烧伤。【即境活用】7. Oh ，it s you，Alice.I_you.You look much thinner than before. Not surprising.I m on a diet.Adidnt recognize B hadnt recognized Chavent recognized Ddont rec
24、ognize 解读：选 A。本题强调是刚才没认出，故用一般过去时态。 break into闯入，破门而入；突然起来(回归课本 P13 The next day，I broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder.第二天，我闯入一户人家，偷了一台电视机和一台录像机。break out突然爆发break up 打碎；拆散；分解结束,break in 打断(谈话； 突然闯入 (in 是副词 break through突破break down 瓦解，损坏，分解；机器坏了；失败；身体垮了break away from摆脱(束缚
25、；克服 (习惯 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 17 页11 / 17 break off中断，折断，突然停止【归纳总结】Thieves broke into our house while we were away on holiday.我们外出度假时，小偷闯入了我们家。On hearing the news that the war was over ，the old woman broke into tears.听到战争结束的消息，老人突然哭了起来。Dont break into their conversati
26、on ；they are discussing something important.不要打断他们的谈话，他们正在讨论重要的事情。【例句探源】break into ，break in 两者都有“闯入”之意。break into中，into是介词，后需接宾语； break in 是不及物动词短语，其中in 是副词，不接宾语。另外，break into还有“突然起来”之意，相当于 burst into；break in还可以表示“插嘴”等。We had to break_into the house as we had lost the key.Never break_in while othe
27、rs are talking. 【易混辨析】8(2010年海南三亚模拟Youll_sooner or later if you keep working like that.Abreak off Bbreak down Cbreak into Dbreak out 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 17 页12 / 17 解读：选B。句意：如果你继续那样工作，身体迟早会垮掉的。break down“垮掉”，符合题意。【即境活用】9. Scientists hope to_soon in their fight again
28、st the H1N1 flu virus.Abreak up Bbreak out Cbreak through Dbreak in 解读：选C。句意为：科学家们希望能尽快在应对甲型H1N1 流感病毒方面有所 突破 。break up“ 分 解， 打 破 ”； break out “ 发 生 ，爆 发” ； break through “突破”； break in “闯入，打断 (谈话 ”，据句意可知答案为C。 give up放弃；交出，让出；认输(回归课本 P13And here are some ideas to help people to give up smoking.这儿有一些帮
29、助人们戒烟的方法。give away 分发；放弃；泄露give back 归还；恢复give forth发出(气味、声音等 ；发表give in 屈服；让步；同意give off发出(蒸汽、光等 give out 分发，发出 (气味、热等 ；发表，用完，耗尽；精疲力竭【归纳总结】When Ed left ，she gave up hope of ever marrying. 埃德离开时，她彻底放弃了结婚的希望。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 17 页13 / 17 In the crowded bus ，the you
30、ng people gave up their seats to the old people.在拥挤的公共汽车上，年轻人把座位让给老年人。The doctor told him to give up smoking and drinking.医生要他戒烟戒酒。She has never given up her secrets to others. 她从不把秘密透露给别人。【例句探源】10We haven t heard from her for long，so we give her_for dead.Aout Bin Cup Daway 解读：选C。give out “用完，用尽”； g
31、ive in“让步，投降”； give up“放弃，不抱希望”； give away“泄露，分发”。由句意可知，此处指“对她不抱任何希望”，故答案为C。【即境活用】11.He pretended to be a German ， but his Swedish accent gave himself_.Aaway Bup Coff Dout 解读：选 A。考查 give 的固定短语。句意：他假装是德国人，但他的瑞典口音使他暴露了。“暴露”应用give away。give up 指“放弃”； give off 指“放精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - -
32、- - -第 13 页，共 17 页14 / 17 出，发出”； give out 指“发出，分发”。句型梳理【教材原句】Now I work in a centre for drug addicts，helping others to stop taking drugs.(P13现在，我在一个戒毒中心工作，帮助其他吸毒者戒毒。【句法分析】本句中的 helping others to stop taking drugs 是 v.ing 形式在句子中作状语，表示方式或伴随情况。The little girl stood there，crying for milk. 这个小女孩站在那儿，哭着要牛奶
33、喝。He worked late into the night，preparing an important report.他工作到深夜，在准备一个重要的报告。The teacher stood at the entrance，blocking the childrens way.老师站在入口处，挡住了孩子们的路。12.(2010年 高 考 四 川 卷 The lawyer listened with full attention，_to miss any point.Anot tryingBtrying not Cto try not Dnot to try 解读：选B。句意：这名律师全神贯
34、注地听，尽力不错过任何要点。本题考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。不定式作状语时和前面的部分如用逗号隔开，表示意想不到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式前通常加only 或 never ，所以动词不定式在结构和题意上都不符合本题的要求，D 项被排除； A、C 两项结构错误，也被排除。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 17 页15 / 17 【即境活用】13(2010年高考重庆卷 The news shocked the public ，_to great concern about students safety at school.
35、Ahaving ledBled Cleading Dto lead 解读：选C。句意：这条新闻使广大民众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。首先排除B 和 D 两项；having done 指动作先于谓语动词发生，在此不符合语境，故只能选择C。 【教材原句】Whatever youre doing when you want to smoke do something else ！(P19无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！【句法分析】考查 whatever的用法。 (1引导让步状语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，其含义相当于no matter what，
36、意为“无论，不管”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。(2引导名词性从句 (宾语从句或主语从句 ，可看作是what 的强调说法，其含义相当于 anything that 或 all that ，whatever在句中起双重作用，既起先行词与关系代词的作用，又在从句中作主语、宾语等。(3however/whenever/wherever只引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter how/when/where引导的从句。(4whoever/whichever同 whatever一样，既能引导状语从句也能引导名词性从句。Whatever he did，his parents supported hi
37、m. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 17 页16 / 17 No matter what he did，his parents supported him. 不管他做什么，他父母都支持他。I don t believe whatever he said. 我不相信他说的一切。I ll take whatever help I can get. 任何帮助我都接受。14(2010 年高考浙江卷 How about camping this weekend ，just for a change?OK，_you want.
38、AwhicheverBhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever 解读：选C。句意：“这个周末我们换一下去野营怎么样啊？”“好的。你想做什么就做什么。”答语为省略句式，全句应为：OK，whatever you want to do.whichever 不论哪个； however无论怎样； whatever无论什么，不管什么；whoever 不论是谁。【即境活用】15.The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _the season.AwhateverBwherever Cwhenever Dhowever 解读：选A。句意：
39、无论什么季节，这位律师除了一套西装以外，很少穿其他的(衣服。whatever引导让步状语从句， whatever the season 即 whatever 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 17 页17 / 17 the season is。wherever无论什么地方； whenever 无论什么时候； however无论怎样，均不符合语境要求。申明：所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 17 页