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1、 昨天我们看见的女孩是Mary. 住在我们隔壁的男士卖蔬菜 The girl is Mary. The girl is Mary The man sells vegetable The man sells vegetable. 定语从句的定义定语从句的定义 一个从句修饰一个从句修饰 _ 一般放在被修饰一般放在被修饰词的词的_翻译时翻译时_We saw the girl yesterdayWe saw the girl yesterdaythat The man lives next to usThe man lives next to usthat名词名词 代词代词 数词数词之后之后常常翻译为
2、常常翻译为的，修饰先行词的，修饰先行词The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.先行词先行词定语从句所修饰的定语从句所修饰的名词或代词名词或代词关系词关系词1. 引导定语从句引导定语从句2. 代替先行词代替先行词3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分定语从句定语从句1. 修饰名词或代词修饰名词或代词2. 紧跟在先行词后紧跟在先行词后学会找出先行词学会找出先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句Have a try1. The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2. I like the
3、 book which you bought yesterday. 3. The house where he lives needs repairing.4. I still remember the day which we spent together. 结构：先行词关系词从句结构：先行词关系词从句Attributive clause 本语法的重点本语法的重点 1 关于关系词的选择 及 注意事项 2 关于定语从句的特例 成分多余 定语从句与并列句 同位语的区别 3 做关于定语从句的做题思路引导定语从句的关联词引导定语从句的关联词_ 可可以分为以分为_和和_关系代词：关系代词： who,
4、whom whose that as 关系副词：关系副词：when, where，why关系词关系词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词既代人既代人 又代物又代物不能引导不能引导 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句介词介词+whichfor which被修饰词被修饰词 先行词先行词 是是reason关系词一定没有关系词一定没有what how 关系词在定语关系词在定语从句从句充当什么成分？充当什么成分？1.The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.2.That is the bike which my father bought for me.3.This is
5、 the book whose cover is broken.4.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.5.Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.that 作主语作主语Which 可省略可省略关系词在从句中作关系词在从句中作宾语宾语时可省略时可省略books在定语从句作定语在定语从句作定语at which_I dislikethat on which _is my birthdaywhich关系代词关系代词主语主语宾语宾语 定语定语 指人指人 指物指物ThatWhoWhomWhichwhose
6、关系代词关系代词关系副词作状语关系副词作状语表示什么时候表示什么时候在哪儿在哪儿 原因原因 代替物的关系代词有_和_ 英语中在特殊的情况特殊的情况下只用that 或which All _we saw in the factory greatly interest us. We were talking about the persons and things _we remembered. It is the very skirt _suits me. Whoever _is the content with little progress cant make big achievements
7、 He is no longer the man_ he used to be The first English class_ I have is interesting. thatwhich都填都填that哪些情况只用whichI listen to the radio every day, _benefits my English.The house in _they lived last year has been rebuilt .He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.This is
8、 our classroom , _ there is a teachers desk.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.Which能代替整个句子能代替整个句子引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句wherewithin front of whichwhichwhichonThere are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the ba
9、ckgrounds of whoseABC Correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhoseitwho看看定语从句特殊情况看看
10、定语从句特殊情况 I dont like the way _ you looked at me.I, who _ (be) your classmates, will share the work with you.He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词that in which amhaveha
11、s The reason _I am late is that the clock is wrong. The reason_ she gave was not true. It is in this college _is very famous that we met each other. whyThe reason why +句子句子 is that+句子句子做某事的原因是做某事的原因是 that whichthat which定语从句定语从句十、定语从句与并列句（1）He has two children, and both of _are abroad.（2）He has two
12、children, both of _are abroad. A. them B. which C. whom D. who介词后指人只能用介词后指人只能用whom 定语从句的做题思路 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。 最后 一些特殊情况特殊对待 We heard the news_ pleased everybody.A. which B. where C. whom D. who步骤：1. 找出先行词 2. 划出定语从句1.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ w
13、e visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what2.Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. whichD. he2. The building _ stan
14、ds near the river is our school.A. which B. that C. who D.whose3. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room.A. whom B. that C.which D. whose 二、关系词的选择二、关系词的选择关系代词关系代词which，that , who ,whom, whose, as 关系副词关系副词when, where, why步骤：1. 找出先行词 2. 划出定语从句 先行词先行词从句缺从句缺主语主语从句缺从句缺宾语宾语从句缺从句缺定语定语指人指人指物who/tha
15、t whom/that/whowhose that / whichthat /which whose 分析定语从句成分缺主语、宾语 用which that缺状语 用 when=介词+whichI still remember the days _ we spent together.A. when B. what C. that D. in whichI still remember the days _ we worked together.A. when B. what C. that D. for which I will never forget the three years _ w
16、e both spent in the little village. A. when B. during which C. which D. in which 分析定语从句成分缺主语、宾语 用which that缺状语 用 where=介词+whichThis is the museum _ I visited a few days ago.A. where B. that C. on which D. the oneThis is the museum _ the exhibition was held.A. where B. that C. on whichD. the oneIs th
17、e exhibition _ the foreign friends visited yesterday? A. that B. the one C. which D. where 1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? 2.Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3.We are
18、trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. A. which B. that C. where D. when4. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . A. why B. where C. how D. / 分析定语从句成分缺主语、宾语 用which that缺状语 用 why= for whichIs this the reason _ he explaine
19、d at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？A. that B. what C. how D. whyIs this the reason _ he was late for school？A. that B. which C. how D. why（1）the way 作先行词，关系词用：作先行词，关系词用：（2）time表示表示“次数次数”，关系词用：，关系词用：三、三、the way、time I dont understand the way_they worked out the problem. I could hardly
20、remember how many times _Ive failed.1. I dont like the way _ he looks at me. A. in that B. which C. of which D. /2. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which四、四、that which指物时，指物时，关系代词关系代词that 和和 which 一般一般可以互换，但应注意
21、以下情况：可以互换，但应注意以下情况：在下列情况下一般用在下列情况下一般用that:1.Ive read all the books _ you lent me.2.This is the first thing _ I want to say.3.He keeps a record of everything _ he had seen there.4.The TV play I watched last night is the best one _ I have watched this year.5.Tell us about the people and the places _ a
22、re different from ours. 6. This is the very thing _ I am after. 1.先行词是序数词、形容词最高级先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者或者被序数词、被序数词、形容词最高级修饰形容词最高级修饰 2.先行词是不定代词时先行词是不定代词时,如如:all ,few, little, much, something, anything, everything, nothing 等等 3.先行词既有人又有物时先行词既有人又有物时 4.先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the right 等修饰时等修饰时 5.先行词被先行词被
23、little, few, no, any, much, all, every等修等修饰时饰时 6.当关系代词在定语从句中作当关系代词在定语从句中作表语，常表语，常用用that。He is not the man that he was. 7 .在疑问词在疑问词who、which开头的句子中开头的句子中 8.在在There be 句型中句型中There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.在下列情况下一般用在下列情况下一般用that:在下列情况下要用在下列情况下要用which 1.当关系代词的前面有介词时当关系代词的前面有介词时. 2
24、.在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中. 3.先行词本身是先行词本身是that eg. The clock is that which tells the time. What is that which the dog is running after？1. She is no longer the girl_ she used to be. A. who B. that C. which D. whom当定语从句中缺当定语从句中缺表语表语，用，用thatB2. He was not the man _ he was before. A. who B. whom C. that D. w
25、hichC3.This is the best TV _ is made in China.4.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。五、五、Whose 的使用的使用 whose+名词 = the+名词名词+ of which/whomof which/whom+the+名词名词1.所属关系所属关系2.指人或物指人或物3.作定语作定语This is the book _ is broken _ is broken _ is brok
26、en. 1.There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose2.Last year , this area was struck by a strong typhoon, from _ effects the people are still suffering.A. that B. whose C. those D. whatthe pe
27、ople are still suffering from typhoons effects.3. (06福建卷福建卷)Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.A.whose B. which C. of which D. that答案：答案：A六、as的用法知识扩充知识扩充1.在句中作状语的从句是状语从句在句中作状语的从句是状语从句,修饰主句中的动修饰主句中的动词词,形容词或副词形容词或副词2.状语从句由状语从句由从属连词从属连词引导引导,从属连词在句中从属连词在句中不充当不充当句子成分句子成分,只起连接
28、作用。只起连接作用。3.分类分类根据意义上的不同根据意义上的不同,状语从句可分为状语从句可分为:时间时间状语状语从句从句地点地点状语从句状语从句原因原因状语从句状语从句目的目的状语状语从句从句条件条件状语从句状语从句结果结果状语从句状语从句让步让步状语状语从句从句方式方式状语从句状语从句比较比较状语从句状语从句 When she was a child,she Lived in Paris. We should go where the people need us. My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful. We st
29、udied hard in order to pass the exam. Well start our project if the president agrees He speaks so fast that no one can catch him. Although I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal. She is as bad-tempered as her mother. When in Rome, do as the Roman do. His plan was such a good one that we all agr
30、eed to accept it. He speaks so fast that no one can catch him. The shop sells so expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it. The boy is so young that he cant go to school. He is such a young boy that he cant go to school结果状语从句常由结果状语从句常由so that 或或 suchthat引导引导,译为译为“如此如此以至于以至于” 。that只起连接作用，不充当成分
31、。只起连接作用，不充当成分。六、as 的用法as 引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，可以指人也可指物可以指人也可指物通常与通常与the same, such, so等连用等连用在句子中可作主语、宾语或表语在句子中可作主语、宾语或表语We hope to get such a tool as he is using. (as作宾语，指代作宾语，指代a tool)(1)辨析：as 与 which as位置灵活位置灵活，能置于句首或主句之后，能置于句首或主句之后，且常有且常有“正如正如”“”“正像正像”之意。之意。 which只能置于主语之后只能置于主语之后 as 用在用在固定结构中固定结构中：as
32、is known to all, as we all know, as is said above(综上所述综上所述)，as was expected, as often happens 等等。等等。 which不能不能1、John got beaten in the game, had been expected.AwhoBwhat Cthat Das2、Crusoes dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.Athis Bthat CwhichDas（2）辨析：）辨析：suchsoas与与suchsothat这两个结构主要在句子成分上区分
33、：这两个结构主要在句子成分上区分：在在suchsoas结构中，结构中， as引导引导定语从句定语从句，代替前面的先行词，代替前面的先行词， 且在从句中作主语、且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语宾语或表语。在在suchsothat结构中，结构中，that 引导的是引导的是状语从句状语从句，只起连词的作用，在从句中不，只起连词的作用，在从句中不作成分。作成分。”如此如此以至于以至于”Dont talk about such things as you dont understand. 从句缺宾语，从句缺宾语，as作宾语作宾语 as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句We hope to get such a t
34、ool that we can do our work better with it. 从句不缺成分，从句不缺成分，that只起连接作用只起连接作用 that引导的状语从句引导的状语从句 It is so big a stone as we cant lift. 从句缺宾语从句缺宾语 It is so big a stone that we cant lift it. 从句不缺成分从句不缺成分 Harry Potter is such an interesting book _ all kids like to read.A. as B that C. D. which （3）辨析：）辨析：t
35、he same as与与 the samethat： the same.as表示表示一种比较，和一种比较，和.一样一样 This is the same watch as I lost.这和我丢的那只手表一样。这和我丢的那只手表一样。 the same.that表示表示同一个同一个 This is the same watch that I lost.这就是我丢的那只手表。这就是我丢的那只手表。My hometown is no longer the same it used to be.Alike Bthat CasDwhich七、介词+关系代词1.定语从句中，在介词后面，指事物用定语从句中
36、，在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用指人用whom，指谁的用，指谁的用whose, 不可省略。不可省略。2.2.定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用可用the+the+名词名词the+the+形容词比较级形容词比较级 （最高级）（最高级）数词数词代词代词( (most,somemost,some few,bothfew,both) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,the price of which was very reasonable.There are two buildings, the l
37、arger of which is about 100 meters.He has three sons, two of whom are teachers.I have many friends, some of whom are teachers.3.介词如何选择？介词如何选择？ 方法：根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系或方法：根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系或习惯搭配（把定语从句补充完整）习惯搭配（把定语从句补充完整）.填入适当的介词填入适当的介词1.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.I think you can depend ( ) t
38、he man.2.He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.I am not very familiar ( ) some reference books.3.He made a hole in the wall, _ which he could see what was going on outside the house. he could see what was going on outside the house ( ) a hole.4、The knife we used to cu
39、t the bread is very sharp.Awhich Bwith Cwith itDwith which5、The brave man, the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.Aof whom Bby thatCby whom Dby which6、The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.Ain which Bworn byCthrough which Don which八、定语从句的单复数问题八、定语从句的单复数问题 关
40、系代词做从句主语时关系代词做从句主语时1.从句的谓语动词单复数取决于先行词从句的谓语动词单复数取决于先行词2.先行词是句子时，从句谓语动词用单三先行词是句子时，从句谓语动词用单三I, who _ (be) your classmates, will share the work with you.The exams were put off, which _(be)exactly what we wanted.注意：注意：He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is the o
41、nly one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise hashave九、成分多余九、成分多余为避免关系词的重复，被关系词所替代的成为避免关系词的重复，被关系词所替代的成分不可在从句中重复出现。分不可在从句中重复出现。He wouldnt see a play that no one liked it.Some of the boys whom I invited them didnt come.The factory where he works there is a large one.十、定语从句与并列句（1）He has tw
42、o children, and both of _are abroad.（2）He has two children, both of _are abroad. A. them B. which C. whom D. who介词后指人只能用介词后指人只能用whom（3） He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which （4）The old man has two sons, _are lawyers. A. both of them B. both of the sons C. both of whom D. both of two