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1、2022年考研英语基础练习题 3（2）阅读理解单项选择题MostAmericanmoviesareproducedinHollywood,California.Hollywood,whichisactuallynotaseparatecitybutapartofLosAngeles,isanidealspotforthemovieindustry.Thesunshinesmostofthetime,andtheclimateismild.Almosteverykindofnaturalsceneryiswithinafewhours’drive.Hollywoodbecomesth
2、ecenterofnationalattentiononeeveningayear-AcademyAwardnight.AttheAcademyAwardpresentationheldeachspring,statuettescalledOscarsaregiventofilmindustrywinnersindozensofcategories,includingbestactor,bestactress,andbestpicture.Thewinnersarechosenbymembersoftheindustrybeforetheceremony,buttheirnamesarekep
3、tsecretuntilpresentationnight,whentheyareannouncedinalong,nationallytelevisedprogram.MotionpictureswereextremelypopularintheUnitedStatesafterWorldWarII,whentelevisioncapturedmuchofthemovieaudience.Gearedtothemasses,Hollywoodmoviesofferedmuchthesametypeofentertainmentastelevisiondoes.Withfreeentertai
4、nmentintheirhomes,manyAmericanssimplystoppedgoingtomovies.Between1946and1956,movieattendancewascutinhalf.Atthesametime,productioncostszoomed.Themovieindustrywasintrouble.Theindustryadjusteditselfinanumberofways.MoviecompaniesrentedsoundstagestoTVcompaniesandsoldoldmoviestoTV.Tocutcosts,Hollywoodprod
5、ucedfewermoviesandfilmedmanyofthemoverseas.Tolureaudiences,theindustryinvestedinnewlenses,widerscreens,andstereophonicsound.StudiosalsobeganproducingkindsofentertainmentthatcouldnotbeofferedbyTV-filmswithcontroversialorshockingthemes,filmswithhugecastsandlavishsettings.Asaresultofthesechanges,todayt
6、heAmericanmotionpictureindustryisthriving.1WhatmakesHollywoodagreatplaceforAmericanmovieindustryaccordingtothepassage?A.AfamouspartofLosAngelesB.FavorablenaturalandtrafficconditionsC.NaturalscenerywithmildclimateandtheshiningsunD.AgreatindustrialbaseofAmerican查看原文2WhichoneaboutOscarsiscorrectaccordi
7、ngtothepassage?A.ItisthenameofagreatfilmfigureB.ItisgiventoWorldAcademyAwardinAmericaeachyearC.ItisayearlyhonortowinnersinmovieindustryD.Itdoesn’tproduceuntilAcademyAwardnightineachspring查看原文3WhydidmanyAmericanslikeentertaininginhomesinsteadofgoingtocinemaafterWorldWarII?A.Becausethequalityoff
8、ilmwasbecomingworseandworseB.BecauseHollywoodmoviescouldn’tofferentertainmentsimilartotelevisionC.BecausethemovieindustrywasintroubleforexpensiveproductioncostD.BecauseTV’spopularitymadethemenjoywithoutpaying查看原文4Whatdoesthewordzoomed(inthelastsentenceofthethirdparagraph)mean?A.Movedalon
9、gveryquicklyB.RoseupwardintotheairC.IncreasedhighinpriceD.Movedwithalowhummingnoise查看原文5Themovieindustrytriedmanymethodstolureaudiencesexcept_.A.buildingcommercialrelationshipwithTVcompaniesB.improvingitsbasicequipmentC.producingfilmswithfamousstarsinlowcostD.offeringtypesofentertainmentdifferentfro
10、mTV查看原文TheArcticOceanhasgivenuptensofthousandsmoresquarekilometersoficeinarelentlesssummerofmelt,withscientistswatchingthroughsatelliteeyesforapossiblerecordlowpolaricecap.FromthebarrenArcticshoreofavillageinCanada’sfarnorthwest,veteranobserverEddieGrubenhasseenthesummericeretreatingmoreeachde
11、cadeastheworldhaswarmed.Bythisweekendtheiceedgelay128kilometersatsea,butfortyyearsago,itwas64kilometersout.Globalaveragetemperaturesrose1degreeFahrenheitinthepastcentury,butArctictemperaturesrosetwiceasmuchorevenfaster,almostcertainlyinlargepartbecauseofmanmadegreenhousegases,researcherssay.InlateJu
12、lythemercurysoaredtoalmost86degreesFahrenheitinthissettlementof900ArcticEskimos.AsofThursday,theU.S.NationalSnowandIceDateCenterreported,thepolaricecapextendedover6.75millionsquarekilometersafterhavingshrunkanaverage106,000squarekilometersadayinJulyequivalenttooneIndianaorthreeBelgiumsdaily.Therateo
13、fmeltwassimilartothatofJuly2007,theyearwhentheicecapdwindledtoarecordminimumextentof4.3millionsquarekilometersinSeptember.Initslatestanalysis,NSIDCsaidArcticatmosphericconditionsthissummerhavebeensimilartothoseofthesummerof2007,includingahigh-pressureridgethatproducedclearskiesandstrongmeltintheBeau
14、fortSea,thearmoftheArcticOceanoffnorthernAlaskaandnorthwesternCanada.Scientistssaythemakeupofthefrozenpolarseahasshiftedsignificantlythepastfewyears,asthickmultiyearicehasgivenwayastheArctic’sdominantformtothinicethatcomesandgoeswitheachwinterandsummer.Thepastfewyearshavesignaledafundamentalch
15、angeinthecharacteroftheiceandtheArcticclimate,Meiersaid.Ironically,thesummermeltssince2007appeartohavealloweddisintegratingbutstillthickmultiyearicetodriftthisyearintotherelativelynarrowchannelsoftheNorthwestPassage.Usually,impassablechannelshadbeenrelativelyice-freethepasttwosummers.Observationsate
16、llites’remotesensorswilltellresearchersinSeptemberwhetherthepolarcapdiminishedthissummertoitssmallestsizeonrecord.Thenthesunwillbegintoslipbelowthehorizonforseveralmonths,andtemperaturesplunginginthepolardarknesswillfreezethesurfaceoftheseaagain,leavingthisandotherArcticcoastlinesinthegripofic
17、e.Mostoftheseaicewillbenew,thinnerandweakerannualformations,however.AtaglobalconferencelastMarchinCopenhagen,scientistsdeclaredthatclimatechangeisoccurringfasterthanhadbeenanticipated,citingthefast-dyingArcticcapasoneexample.Amonthlater,theU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationpredictedArct
18、icsummerscouldbealmostice-freewithin30years,notatthecentury’sendearlierpredicted.6Thewordretreating(Line2,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans_.A.withdrawingB.movingbackC.meltingD.treatingagain查看原文7WemayinferfromParagraph2and3that_.A.risingArctictemperaturesresultcompletelyfrommanmadegreenhousegasesB.
19、thesummericeedgewas192kilometersatsea40yearsagoC.thepolaricecapwasover6.87millionsquarekilometersinJulyD.theicecapreducedtoarecordlowminimumextentinJuly查看原文8Wemayknowthatsummermeltsmade_.A.someimpassablechannelscoveredbyiceB.nocontributiontothemakeupchangeofpolariceC.thinicebecomemultiyeariceD.thewo
20、rldclimatechangeitscharacter查看原文9Welearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat_.A.scientistspredictedfutureclimatechangesaccuratelyB.thepolarcapdiminishedthissummertoitssmallestsizeonrecordC.thefutureicemaybeannuallyformedthinnessD.Arcticsummerscouldn’tbeice-freeuntilnextcentury查看原文10Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A.ArcticicelowerstoitssmallestsizeB.ArcticicedisappearsundersummersunC.WhyArcticicedisappearssoonD.Arcticicecloselyrelatestoclimatechanges查看原文第8页 共8页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页