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1、20182018 年年 1212 月国家开发银行招聘考试真题及答案月国家开发银行招聘考试真题及答案第一部分第一部分 英语测试英语测试1. Great efforts to increase wheat production must be made if bread shortages_avoided.（C）A. will be B. can be C. are to be D. were to be2. According to official statistics, retail sales in China rose 10% and12.2%in the first and the s
2、econd quarter _ this year. （C）A. accordingly B. correspondingly C. respectively D. individually3. If he _ on tourists for his business, he would have to close his shop.（C）A. depends B. will depend C. depended D. has depended4. The wealth of a nation should be measured_the health and happiness of its
3、people as well as the material goods it can produce. （ D ）A. in regard with B. in line with C. by means of D. in terms of5. Because of the complexity of the modern machine, most offices requiresecretaries _.（ A ）A. to have specified training B. specified in traing C. to train specifiedlyD. training
4、specified6. Mrs. Nancy was wakened midnight by the ringing of the phone several hoursafter the ship that her husband was on had been_.（ C ）A. fired B. decayed C. wrecked D. collapsed7. In order to be a good scientist, _.（ C ）A. mathematics is urgentB. one should have the mathematicsC. one mustunders
5、tand mathematicsD. mathematics is important to be understood8. We may often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speaker ofEnglish does not even have to_, as English is not our first language. （ D ）A. think out B. think forC. think over D. think about9. “Did the audience participate in t
6、he play?”Yes, those actors _to involve the audience.” （ C ）A. whom it was the functionB. of whom the function wasC. whose functionit wasD. whose were the function10. It is a legal_for parents to ensure that their children are provided withefficient education suitable to their age. （B）A. sympathy B.
7、obligationC. impulse D. influence11. The newly-built principal museum seems_ enough to last a hundred years.（B）A. steady B. substantialC. sophisticated D. spacious12. Victor certainly talks a lot and hes never interested in what_has tosay. （A）A. anyone else B. no one C. nobody else D. somebody other
8、13. The mayor didnt have time so far to go into it_, but he gave as an ideaabout his plan.（C）14. “What can I do for you, sir?”“I want _.” （ A ）A. a dimes worth of candy B. candy a dimes worthC. a dime worth of candy D. a dime-worth candy15. When traveling, it is possible that you may be advised to t
9、ake the travelers checks, which provide a secure_ to carrying your money in cash.（ C ）A. selection B. preferenceC. alternative D. substitute16. Old Chinese are not used to buy things on_ and are likely to save as muchmoney as possible. （ C ）A. deposit B. debtC. credit D. sale17. “Eric nearly always
10、wins the science award.”“Thats because his project are_.” （D）A. extremely presented well B. well presented extremelyC. presented well extremely D. extremely well presented18. As the group of persons _ together in a conversational knot, eachindividual expressed his position in the group by where he s
11、tands. （D）A. squeeze B. packC. pad D. cluster19._he does his work, I dont mind what time he arrives（B）at the office. A. So far as B. So long as C. In caseD. Meanwhile20. In 1776 the United States announced the Declaration of Independenceto_from the British Empire and became an independent country. （
12、 B ）A. pull down B. break away C. get off D. dropp offQuestionsQuestions 21-4021-40 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passagepassageHave you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people _21_ a desireto predict their future _22_.Most people seem inclined to _23_ this t
13、ask using causalreasoning.First we _24_ recognize that future circumstances are _25_ caused orconditioned by present ones.We learn that getting an education will _26_ how muchmoney we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy _27_ witha shark.Second,people also learn that suc
14、h _28_ of cause and effect are probabilistic(可能的) in nature.That is,the effects occur more often when the causes occur than whenthe causes are _29_, but not always.Thus,students learn that studying hard _30_ goodgrades in most instances,but not every time.Science makes these concepts ofcausality and
15、 probability more _31_ and provides techniques for dealing _32_ thenmore accurately than does causal human inquiry.In looking at ordinary humaninquiry,we need to _33_ between prediction and understanding.Often,even if we dontunderstand why,we are willing to act _34_ the basis of a demonstrated predi
16、ctiveability.Whatever the primitive drives _35_ motivate human beings,satisfying themdepends heavily on the ability to _36_ future circumstances.The attempt to predictis often played in a _37_ of knowledge and understanding.If you can understand whycertain regular patterns _38_,you can predict bette
17、r than if you simply observe thosepatterns.Thus,human inquiry aims _39_ answering both what and why question,andwe pursue these _40_ by observing and figuring out.21. Aexhibit Bexaggerate Cexamine Dexceed (A )22. Acontexts Bcircumstances Cinspections Dintuitions( B)23.Aunderestimate Bundermine Cunde
18、rtake Dundergo(C )24. Aspecially Bparticularly Calways Dgenerally(D )25. Asomehow Bsomebody Csomeone Dsomething(A )26. Aenact Baffect Creflect Dinflect(B)27. Ameeting Boccurrence Cencounter Dcontact( C)28. Apatterns Bdesigns CarrangementsDpictures(A)29. Adisappointde Babsent Cinadequate Dabsolute( B
19、)30.Acreates Bproduces Closes Dprotects(B)31.Aobscure Bindistinct Cexplicit Dexplosive( C)32.Afor Bat Cin Dwith( D)33.Adistinguish Bdistinct Cdistort Ddistract(A)34.Aat Bon Cto Dunder(B)35.Awhy Bhow Cthat Dwhere( C)36.Apredict Bproduce Cpretend Dprecede(A)37.Acontent Bcontact Ccontest Dcontext(D)38.
20、Ahappen Boccur Coccupy Dincur(B )39.Aat Bon Cto Dbeyond(A )40.Apurposes Bambitions Cdrives Dgoals( D)QuestionsQuestions 41-4541-45 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passagepassageAt the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yetto reach its full size and s
21、trength, and its owner his or her full intelligence;but at this age the likelihood of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and youngchildren, and consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressiveloss of our vigor and resistance which, though imperceptible at first, will finally
22、become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves,and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.This decline in vigor with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one ofthe most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way,th
23、at if we escape wars, accidents and disease we shall eventually die of old age,and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so thatthere are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty.Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer-on
24、 into a ninth or tenth decade.But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hopeto remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are remindedof it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that p
25、eople have for yearsassumed that the process of losing vigor with time, of becoming more likely to diethe older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle orthe wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, andprobably other organisms such as tree
26、s, or even the universe itself, must in thenature of things wear out.Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chanceto live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do infact an out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics
27、 (热力学) (whether the whole universe does so is a moot point at present). But these arenot analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch andcan be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that iteventually is not worth mending. But a watch could n
28、ever repair itself-it does notconsist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. We could,atone time, repair ourselves-well enough, at least, to overcome all but the mostinstantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years wegradually lose this power; an illnes
29、s which at twelve would knock us over, at eightycan knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve,it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivorsto be reduced by half again.41. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
30、 (A )A. Our first twelve years represent the peak of human development.B. People usually are unhappy when reminded of ageing.C. Normally only a few of us can live to the eighties and nineties.D. People are usually less likely to die at twelve years old.42. The word it in the last sentence of Paragra
31、ph Two refers to( B)A. remaining alive until 65.B. remaining alive after 80.C. dying before 65 or after 80.D. dying between 65 and 80.43. What is ageing? (C )A. It is usually a phenomenon of dying at an old age.B. It is a fact that people cannot live any longer.C. It is a gradual loss of vigor and r
32、esistance.D. It is a phase when people are easily attacked by illness.44. What do the examples of watch show? ( D)A. Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.B. All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.C. The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.D
33、. Humans ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.45. Which of the following best fits the style of this passage? (B )A. Argumentation.B. Exposition.C. Narration.D. Description.QuestionsQuestions 46-5046-50 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passagepassageImagine you are a c
34、itizen of Athens, enjoying a warm Mediterranean night in theTheater of Herodes Atticus. You are wearing jeans and a T-shirt, listening to a greatconcert.Now rewind this picture 1,839 years. You are in the same seat, only you arewatching classical Greek entertainment and wearing a simple chiton, or t
35、unic.The city of Athens is a fun mix of the old and the new, the classic and the modem.Often a little shop is located next to the rains of a temple, which is only a blockfrom a large, air-conditioned hotel. The great city of 2,500 years ago is stillvisible today.Ruins are the most obvious sign of an
36、cient Athens, and the most famous of theseis the Acropolis. The Acropolis is a large hill that was the center of life in Athens.On its slopes were temples, monuments, and theaters. From the top, you can see howthe urban sprawl (扩展,延伸) of Athens stretches out in every direction.On the top of the Acro
37、polis is the Parthenon. This was once a huge temple toAthena, the citys patron. It was first completed in 432 B.C., but has been damagedand destroyed several times. However, visitors can still see the tricks used inbuilding the Parthenon. The columns along the outside lean inward, and are slightlyfa
38、tter in the middle. The temple is also higher in the middle than on the sides.All these effects make the Parthenon look perfectly straight from a distance.Only a block away from the Acropolis is the neighborhood of Plaka. The area,with its little shops and restaurants, is very popular with both tour
39、ists and locals,and is an important part of modem Athenian culture.Many great thinkers, writers, and political leaders lived in ancient Athens.The ruins of their homes and favorite spots are scattered throughout the busy portcity. The hill where St. Paul addressed early Christian Athenians is locate
40、d nearthe Acropolis. Great thinkers such as Perikles and Demosthenes spoke to the civilassemblies held at the Pnyx Hill. Today the Pnyx is an open-air theater for lightand sound shows.Greeks still use some ancient sites, such as the Pnyx and the Theater of HerodesAtticus. During Roman times, in 76 A
41、.D., gladiators (角斗士) used the PanathenaicStadium for contests. The Olympics were held there in 1896, and today people stilljog and exercise in the stadium.Tourism is very important to people who live in modem-day Athens. Thousands ofpeople come every year to see these ruins and to tour the many mus
42、eums that houseartifacts from ancient times. This provides many jobs and brings money into Athens,which helps the city pay for improvements. Athenians take pride in theaccomplishments of their ancestors, and people from all around the world come toadmire them. By looking around the city today, we ca
43、n imagine what life was likein ancient Athens.46. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the city of Athens?(D )A. The culture of the city is a mixture of the old and modem.B. Traces of the ancient city can still be found.C. Ruins and modem hotels co-exist in the city.D. All the temple
44、s are not far away from air-conditioned hotels.47. Which tourist attraction was ancient Athens most famous for? ( B)A. Plaka.B. Acropolis.C. Pnyx.D. Parthenon.48. According to the context, tricks in Paragraph Five refer to(C )A. mischievous acts.B. confusing constructing skills.C. skillful construct
45、ing methods.D. constructing materials.49. The writer mentioned all the following benefits of tourism in Athens forAthenians EXCEPT(D )A. offering job opportunities to Athenians.B. enriching Athenians by providing accommodation for tourists.C. enabling Athenians to improve the infrastructures.D. maki
46、ng Athenians proud of their ancestors.50. What is the best title for the passage? ( B)A. Tourism in Athens.B. Athens: Then & Now.C. Historic Interests in Athens.D. The Magic of Ancient Athens.QuestionsQuestions 51-5551-55 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passagepassageCongratulations
47、, Mr. Jones, its a girl.Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a differentresponse from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receivethe news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Althoughthere are some men who like children a
48、nd may have had considerable experience withthem, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them.Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for sometime. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife haveaccepte
49、d willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift fromthe role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, fewattempts have been made to educate fathers in this reconciliation (协调) process.Although numerous books have bee
50、n written about American mothers, only recently hasliterature focused on the role of fathers.It is argued by some writers that the change to the fathers role, althoughdifficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must take to the mothersrole. The mothers role seems to require a complete t