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1、2013 年国家开发银行招聘考试笔试年国家开发银行招聘考试笔试 B 卷真题及答案解析卷真题及答案解析第一部分第一部分 英语能力测试（限时英语能力测试（限时 60 分钟）分钟）一、单项选择题（每题 1 分，共 20 题）1.The boys father bought him a large toy train _.A) which to play withB) to play with itC) to play withD) at which to play2._ you poor record in school, we think you should study harder.A) In
2、 view ofB) In charge ofC) In spite ofD) In case of3.There are more than fifty proposals _ at the conference.A) discussedB) to be discussedC) discussingD) having been discussed4.Police have _ to the public to come forward with any information which might help themin their inquiries.A) urgedB) claimed
3、C) appealedD) called5.I am sorry I _ your glasses off the desk when I was wiping it.A) drewB) hitC) struckD) knocked6.Why dont you have a night out? It would take your _ off your worries.A) caresB) heartC) headD) mind7.Some hard plastics can be _ metals in manufacturing machine parts.A) substituted
4、forB) taken the place ofC) replaced inD) given way to8.His understanding made a deep impression _ the young girl.A) inB) onC) forD) to9.They have been trying to arrive at a practical solution _ the problem.A) inB) toC) onD) with10. In many American families, parents feel that children should make im
5、portant decisions _.A) to themselvesB) on themselvesC) of themselvesD) by themselves11. There is hardly an environment on earth _ some species of animal or other has not adaptedsuccessfully.A) to whichB) whereverC) so thatD) as to12. Some metals are better conductors of electricity than others _ mea
6、ns that the formerhave atom that contain more free electron than the latter.A) thatB) thisC) whichD) it13. A good friend is one who will _ you when you are in trouble.A) stand forB) stand byC) stand up toD) stand up with14. The speaker _ his notes before the lecture.A) ran downB) ran intoC) ran outD
7、) ran over15. I find this treatment very _ to my health.A) advisableB) invaluableC) beneficialD) worthy16. Dont have him for a friend. Hes _ a criminal.A) anything butB) but forC) rather thanD) nothing but17. Most doctors recognize that medicine is _.A) an art as much it is a scienceB) as much an ar
8、t as it is a scienceC) as an art as much it is scienceD) much an art as it is a science18. As a _ president, his views are treated with respect when he is interviewed.A) priorB) previousC) lateD) former19. It is highly desirable that a new president _ for this college.A) appointedB) be appointedC) i
9、s appointedD) has been appointed20. The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighboring districts has had to be _.A) weakenedB) omittedC) restrictedD) lowered1.C2.A3.B4.C5.D6.D7.A8.B9.B10. D11. A12. C13. B14. D15. C16. D17. B18. D19. B20. C二、完形填空题（每题 1.5 分，共 20 题）One summer night, on my way home
10、from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would beair-conditioned and I couldnt tolerate my(B1)apartment.Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the(B2)between the two tall heads in frontof me. I had to keep changing the(B3)every time she leaned over to talk to him,(B4)heleaned ove
11、r to kiss her. Why do Americans display such(B5)in a public place?I thought the movie would be good for my English, but(B6)it turned out, it was an Italianmovie.(B7)about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and(B8)on my popcorn. Ivenever understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted
12、pretty good,(B9). After a whileI heard(B10)more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the(B11)of the pop-corn crunching between my teeth. My thought started to(B12)I remembered when I was in SouthKorea, I(B13)to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean-I was really amazed,lie
13、seemed like a good friend to me,(B14)I ,saw him again in New York speaking(B15)English instead of perfect Korean. He didnt even have a Korean accent and I(B16)like I hadbeen betrayed.When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English.(B17)we had begun to learn a f
14、ew words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home.Everyone agreed, but our house became very(B18)and we all seemed to avoid each other. We satat the dinner table in silence, preferring that to(B19)in a difficult language. Mother triedto say something in English but it(B20)out al
15、l wrong and we all burst into laughter and decidedto forget it! Weve been speaking Korean at home ever since.1.A warmB hotC heatedD cool答案:B 前面说下班不回家，而是去一个有空调的影院，其目的是不想面对自己的“炎热的寓所” 。故应选 B。2.A crackB blankC breakD opening答案:D 前排座位上，两个人之间的“空隙”英语是 opening。其他三个选项的意义分别是 A。 crack“裂缝” ，Bblank“空白” ，Cbreak“破
16、裂(口)” ，均不符合句意。3.A aspectB view4C spaceD angle答案:D 当前面的女子不断地斜过身与男子说话时，我当然要不断地改变“角度”(angle)，才能看到银幕。4.A whileB wheneverC orD and答案:C 逗号前面的 she leaned over to talk to him 和逗号后面的 he leaned over to kiss her 是并列结构，且两种情况交替出现，故应该用连词 or 连接。5.A attractionB attentionC affectionD motion答案:C 根据上文，这种在电影院亲昵地卿卿我我、接吻
17、是“表(显)示”(display)“爱情”(affection)，故C 是正确答案。6.A sinceB whenC whatD as答案:D 此处应选一关系代词代替主句的情况，只有 as 可以作关系代词，引导一个非限制性定语从句， as 在从句中作 turn out 的宾语，代替后面整个主句。另外，定语从句中的 it 是形式主语，与主句中的 it(代替Italian movie)不同，相当于 It turned out that it was an 中的 it。7.A WithinB AfterC ForD Over答案:B 正确答案为 B。根据上下文，应该是大约半小时“以后” ，我决定放弃
18、继续看电影。8.A concentrateB chewC fixD taste答案:A 正确答案为根据后面的介词 on，应选 A。意为：注意力不再集中在电影上，而集中在爆玉米花上。9.A tooB stillC thoughD certainly答案:C 根据上句，作者不理解“他们为什么给这么多的爆玉米花” ，本句是上句的一个转折。意为： “尽管味道很好。 ”所以只能选表示转折意义的 though，而不能选“递增”意义的 too。10.A muchB anyC noD few答案:C 本空白应参考下面的句子，下一句的意思是“我只听到” ，故此处应选 no。意为：过了一会，我再听不到听起来很浪漫
19、的意大利语了。11.A voiceB soundC rhythmD tone答案:B “咀嚼爆玉米花(popcorn crunching)” 的 “声音” ， 应用 sound， 而不能用表示 “人发出的声音” 的 voice。12.A wonderB wanderC imagineD depart答案:B“脑子开始遐想(走思，走神)”要用动词 wander，即 My thought started to wander。13.A enjoyedB happenedC turnedD used答案:D 当表示过去经常的行为或动作，而现在不再那样时，用短语 used to。14.A untilB
20、becauseC thenD therefore答案:A 这个分句是对前面 “He seemed like a good friend to me” 一句表示意义的否定和终止， 所以要用 until引导这个分句。15.A artificialB informalC perfectD practical答案:CInstead of 连接的前后两个成分是对等的，后面是 perfect Korean，故前面应为 perfect English。16.A feltB lookedC seemedD appeared答案:A 根据文意应该是“我有一种被出卖的感觉” 。所以应选 A。17.A WhileB
21、 IfC BeforeD Once答案:D 根据句意， “一旦我们开始学到了一些单词，我母亲就建议”故应选 D。18.A emptyB quietC stiffD calm答案:B 根据上下文， “我们屋子就变得静悄悄了。 ”故应选 B。19.A tellingB utteringC sayingD speaking答案:D 根据句意，“我们都喜欢沉默， 而不喜欢用一种完全不同的语言讲话” ， 以某种语言说话， 要用动词 speak。故应选 D。20.A workedB gotC cameD made答案:C三、阅读理解题（每题 2.5 分，共 20 题）1、Since its foundat
22、ion in 1954, the United Nations has written into its major covenants(契约) theneed to establish minimum ages for marriage. But the custom of marriage is a highly sensitive culturalissue, mainly because it is so unpleasantly involved with womens rights and societal traditionsand practices, and rules on
23、 marriage vary widely between countries. Some countries, particularlyin West Africa, still do not have a legal minimum age for marriage.In the West, a 13-year-old is still considered a child. Even getting married in ones lateteens is not usually encouraged because married life is likely to interfere
24、 with a young womans education and consequently restrict opportunities in later life. And there are also physicaldangers in giving birth so young. The World Health Organization has over the past ten years identifiedearly childbirth as a major cause of female mortality in many countries.Under Islamic
25、 religious law, the age of consent for sex and marriage is puberty, which Muslimssay is in harmony with the biological transition from childhood into adulthood. In Muslim countriessuch as Saudi Arabia, Iran and Pakistan, the age of puberty at around 13 or 14 is the legal agefor marriage, but in Turk
26、ey it is 15, and in Egypt and Tunisia, 18 the same minimum age as in manyWestern countries. It is argued that by allowing earlier marriages, Islamic law is promoting stablerelationships, while Western laws are encouraging promiscuity among young people.In many countries, the trends of urbanization a
27、nd education for girls have seen a drop in thenumber of child brides. However, early marriages continue to occur in poor rural areas, where societyworks very much on personal arrangement between families, villages and communities. And it doesntonly happen in countries which dont have a legal minimum
28、 age. In India, for example, the legalage of marriage for a girl is 18 and to a boy, 21. Yet, according to government statistics, 18 percentof ten to fourteen-year old girls in the poor, rural state of Rajasthan in the northwest of thecountry are married. There are obvious social and economical adva
29、ntages for doing this: by marryingoff their daughters early, families no longer have to provide for them ; and the younger the bridethe smaller the dowry(嫁妆), or wedding price, demanded by the grooms family.It is clear, then, that child marriages are connected with poverty, lack of education and rur
30、alcustoms such as dowries; there dont tend to be any child marriages in urban or rich areas. So,unless these real causes are addressed, it will be extremely hard to enforce change, even when changeis dictated by a countrys governing body. (451 words)1. What is the topic of this passage?A. Child brid
31、es.B. Early marriages.C. Minimum age for marriage.D. Different attitudes towards early marriages.2. The word “promiscuity”(Line 9, Para. 3) means_.A. unstable partnership B. firm partnershipC. diverse relationship D. single relationship3. _is likely to marry late.A. Women from less educated backgrou
32、ndB. Women from rural areasC. Women from IslamiccountriesD. Women from cities4. Child marriages are NOT related to _according to the passage.A. social position B. rural customsC. personal arrangements D. religion5. According to the passage, getting married early does all of the following EXCEPT_.A.
33、reducing a young womans educationB. limiting a young womans chancesC. causing infant deathD. doing harm to a young womans health答案：BCDAC2、As you all know, the United States is a country on wheels. Nearly eight million new cars aremade each year; four households out of five own at least one car, and
34、more than a quarter have twoeach. Yet youll be surprised to learn that some of the car-owners even suffer from malnutrition（营养不良）.In 1968, a nation-wide survey of malnutrition was made for the first time. It found that 10million people are suffering in health through inadequate feeding; the causes o
35、f their plight（困境）were varied. Unemployment over a long period should be considered as the main factor. Andunemployment, strange to say, nine times out of ten results from automation, both in industrialand agricultural areas. For example, in the rural South when a cotton plantation suddenly cuts its
36、force from 100 people to three, the problem to help the displaced arises. So is the case withindustrial automation. In fact, probably 2 million jobs are made unnecessary each year in the wholecountry as a result of the automation process, thus making unemployment a chief social concern.According to
37、government statistics, the number of people unemployed was over 5 percent for the periodfrom 1958 to 1963. In July 1981, it rose to 7.8 percent. As a matter of fact, it has long been knownthat even during the most prosperous periods there have been people without enough to eat. So Ithink thats why P
38、resident Kennedy said in his inauguration speech in 1961, if the government didnot help the poor, it could not save the rich.In 1966, the Social Security Administration calculated that a family of four needed an incomeof $3,355 a year to be above the line of poverty. And in 1977, the average poverty
39、 line of the countrywas slightly more than $6,200 annual income for a non-farm family of four. According to the SocialSecurity Act, families of that size below poverty line are eligible to receive benefits from thespecial welfare program. The average weekly payment of benefits now is equivalent to 3
40、6 percentof the workers normal wage. And the number of people who receive government benefits is increasing.In 1973, social insurance payments by governments, mainly to old age pensioners and people who hadlost their jobs or were off work through illness, amounted to $86,000 million. Those not fully
41、qualified for insurance payments received $29,000 million in public aid.But problems still exist. Many people are not reached by the anti-poverty program, because localauthorities and agencies do not want to play their part or do not gave the resources to do so. Somepoor people will not accept help
42、for various reasons. Of course, there are some more important factorswhich lie in the structure of the society, but I dont consider it necessary to dig into them here.Yet we will perhaps agree that social welfare programs have solved to some extent the problems offeeding, clothing and housing those
43、below the poverty line. On the whole, it perhaps might be saidthat American people are living a better life than people in most other countries.1. The United States is called a country on wheels because_.A. about one-fourth Americans own two carsB. a bit over one out of four households are theowners
44、 of two carsC. nearly 8 million new cars drive in the country every yearD. 80% Americans have at leastone car2. According to a 1968 survey, ten million Americans found themselves in a difficult health situationchiefly due to _.A. inadequate feedingB. malnutritionC. unemploymentD. automation3. The au
45、thor use ”the displaced”(Line 9, Para. 2) to refer to those who are _.A. unemployedB. disabledC. sickD. poor4. The word “eligible”(Line 6, Para.3) is synonymous with “_”A. necessaryB. urgentC. neededD. worthy5. Americans are living a better life than those in most of other countries because, to some
46、 degree,_.A. many Americans receive benefits from the special welfare programB. some poor people can receive help for some reason or otherC. there is the anti-poverty program in the U.S.D. social welfare programs have some measure settled the problems of those below the povertyline.答案：BCADD3、In rece
47、nt years, teachers of introductory courses in Asian American studies have been facinga dilemma nonexistent a few decades ago, when hardly any texts in that field were available. Today,excellent anthologies（文选）and other introductory texts exist, and books on individual AsianAmericans are published al
48、most weekly. Even professors who are experts in the field find it difficultto decide which of these to assign to students; non-experts who teach in related areas and are lookingfor writings for and by Asian American to include in survey courses are in an even worse position.A complicating factor has
49、 been the continuing lack of specialized one-volume reference workson Asian Americans, such as biographical dictionaries or desktop encyclopedias. Such works wouldenable students taking Asian American studies courses (and professors in related fields) to lookup basic information on Asian American in
50、dividuals, institutions, history, and culture withouthaving to wade through （费力的阅读冗长或艰深的材料） mountains of primary source material. In addition,given such works. Asian American studies professors might feel more free to include more challengingAsian American material in their introductory reading list