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1、2018年12月国家开发银行招聘考试真题及答案第一部分 英语测试1. Great efforts to increase wheat production must be made if bread shortages _avoided.（C ）A. will be B. can be C. are to be D. were to be2. According to official statistics, retail sales in China rose 10% and12.2% in the first and the second quarter _ this year. （ C）
2、A. accordingly B. correspondingly C. respectively D. individually3. If he _ on tourists for his business, he would have to close his shop. （ C）A. depends B. will depend C. depended D. has depended4. The wealth of a nation should be measured_the health and happiness of its people as well as the mater
3、ial goods it can produce. （ D ）A. in regard with B. in line with C. by means of D. in terms of5. Because of the complexity of the modern machine, most offices require secretaries _.（ A ）A. to have specified training B. specified in traing C. to train specifiedly D. training specified6. Mrs. Nancy wa
4、s wakened midnight by the ringing of the phone several hours after the ship that her husband was on had been_.（ C ）A. fired B. decayed C. wrecked D. collapsed7. In order to be a good scientist, _.（ C ）A. mathematics is urgentB. one should have the mathematicsC. one must understand mathematicsD. math
5、ematics is important to be understood8. We may often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speaker of English does not even have to_, as English is not our first language. （ D ）A. think out B. think for C. think over D. think about9. “Did the audience participate in the play?”Yes, those a
6、ctors _to involve the audience.” （ C ）A. whom it was the functionB. of whom the function was C. whose function it wasD. whose were the function10. It is a legal_for parents to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suitable to their age. （ B）A. sympathy B. obligation C. imp
7、ulse D. influence11. The newly-built principal museum seems_ enough to last a hundred years. （ B）A. steady B. substantial C. sophisticated D. spacious12. Victor certainly talks a lot and hes never interested in what_has to say. （A ）A. anyone else B. no one C. nobody else D. somebody other13. The may
8、or didnt have time so far to go into it_, but he gave as an idea about his plan. （C ）14. “What can I do for you, sir?”“I want _.” （ A ）A. a dimes worth of candy B. candy a dimes worth C. a dime worth of candy D. a dime-worth candy15. When traveling, it is possible that you may be advised to take the
9、 travelers checks, which provide a secure_ to carrying your money in cash. （ C ）A. selection B. preference C. alternative D. substitute16. Old Chinese are not used to buy things on_ and are likely to save as much money as possible. （ C ）A. deposit B. debt C. credit D. sale17. “Eric nearly always win
10、s the science award.”“Thats because his project are_.” （ D）A. extremely presented well B. well presented extremely C. presented well extremely D. extremely well presented18. As the group of persons _ together in a conversational knot, each individual expressed his position in the group by where he s
11、tands. （D ）A. squeeze B. pack C. pad D. cluster19._he does his work, I dont mind what time he arrives（B ）at the office. A. So far as B. So long as C. In case D. Meanwhile20. In 1776 the United States announced the Declaration of Independence to_from the British Empire and became an independent count
12、ry. （ B ）A. pull down B. break away C. get off D. dropp offQuestions 21-40 are based on the following passageHave you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people _21_ a desire to predict their future _22_.Most people seem inclined to _23_ this task using causal reasoning.First we _
13、24_ recognize that future circumstances are _25_ caused or conditioned by present ones.We learn that getting an education will _26_ how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy _27_ with a shark.Second,people also learn that such _28_ of cause and effect are pr
14、obabilistic(可能的) in nature.That is,the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are _29_, but not always.Thus,students learn that studying hard _30_ good grades in most instances,but not every time.Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more _31_ and pro
15、vides techniques for dealing _32_ then more accurately than does causal human inquiry.In looking at ordinary human inquiry,we need to _33_ between prediction and understanding.Often,even if we dont understand why,we are willing to act _34_ the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.Whatever the
16、primitive drives _35_ motivate human beings,satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to _36_ future circumstances.The attempt to predict is often played in a _37_ of knowledge and understanding.If you can understand why certain regular patterns _38_,you can predict better than if you simply ob
17、serve those patterns.Thus,human inquiry aims _39_ answering both what and why question,and we pursue these _40_ by observing and figuring out. 21. Aexhibit Bexaggerate Cexamine Dexceed ( A )22. Acontexts Bcircumstances Cinspections Dintuitions( B )23.Aunderestimate Bundermine Cundertake Dundergo( C
18、)24. Aspecially Bparticularly Calways Dgenerally( D )25. Asomehow Bsomebody Csomeone Dsomething( A )26. Aenact Baffect Creflect Dinflect( B)27. Ameeting Boccurrence Cencounter Dcontact( C )28. Apatterns Bdesigns CarrangementsDpictures( A)29. Adisappointde Babsent Cinadequate Dabsolute( B )30.Acreate
19、s Bproduces Closes Dprotects( B)31.Aobscure Bindistinct Cexplicit Dexplosive( C )32.Afor Bat Cin Dwith( D )33.Adistinguish Bdistinct Cdistort Ddistract( A)34.Aat Bon Cto Dunder(B )35.Awhy Bhow Cthat Dwhere( C )36.Apredict Bproduce Cpretend Dprecede( A)37.Acontent Bcontact Ccontest Dcontext( D)38.Aha
20、ppen Boccur Coccupy Dincur( B )39.Aat Bon Cto Dbeyond( A )40.Apurposes Bambitions Cdrives Dgoals( D )Questions 41-45 are based on the following passageAt the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full int
21、elligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigor and resistance which, though imperceptible at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no lo
22、nger, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.This decline in vigor with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and
23、 disease we shall eventually die of old age, and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer-on into a ninth or tenth decade. B
24、ut the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed
25、that the process of losing vigor with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe i
26、tself, must in the nature of things wear out.Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact an out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (热力学) (whether the wh
27、ole universe does so is a moot point at present). But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself-
28、it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. We could,at one time, repair ourselves-well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power; an illness which at twel
29、ve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.41. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? ( A )A. Our
30、 first twelve years represent the peak of human development.B. People usually are unhappy when reminded of ageing.C. Normally only a few of us can live to the eighties and nineties.D. People are usually less likely to die at twelve years old.42. The word it in the last sentence of Paragraph Two refe
31、rs to( B )A. remaining alive until 65.B. remaining alive after 80.C. dying before 65 or after 80.D. dying between 65 and 80.43. What is ageing? ( C )A. It is usually a phenomenon of dying at an old age.B. It is a fact that people cannot live any longer.C. It is a gradual loss of vigor and resistance
32、.D. It is a phase when people are easily attacked by illness.44. What do the examples of watch show? ( D )A. Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.B. All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.C. The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.D. Humans
33、 ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.45. Which of the following best fits the style of this passage? ( B )A. Argumentation.B. Exposition.C. Narration.D. Description.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passageImagine you are a citizen of Athens, enjoying a warm Mediterranean ni
34、ght in the Theater of Herodes Atticus. You are wearing jeans and a T-shirt, listening to a great concert.Now rewind this picture 1,839 years. You are in the same seat, only you are watching classical Greek entertainment and wearing a simple chiton, or tunic.The city of Athens is a fun mix of the old
35、 and the new, the classic and the modem. Often a little shop is located next to the rains of a temple, which is only a block from a large, air-conditioned hotel. The great city of 2,500 years ago is still visible today.Ruins are the most obvious sign of ancient Athens, and the most famous of these i
36、s the Acropolis. The Acropolis is a large hill that was the center of life in Athens. On its slopes were temples, monuments, and theaters. From the top, you can see how the urban sprawl (扩展,延伸) of Athens stretches out in every direction.On the top of the Acropolis is the Parthenon. This was once a h
37、uge temple to Athena, the citys patron. It was first completed in 432 B.C., but has been damaged and destroyed several times. However, visitors can still see the tricks used in building the Parthenon. The columns along the outside lean inward, and are slightly fatter in the middle. The temple is als
38、o higher in the middle than on the sides. All these effects make the Parthenon look perfectly straight from a distance.Only a block away from the Acropolis is the neighborhood of Plaka. The area, with its little shops and restaurants, is very popular with both tourists and locals, and is an importan
39、t part of modem Athenian culture.Many great thinkers, writers, and political leaders lived in ancient Athens. The ruins of their homes and favorite spots are scattered throughout the busy port city. The hill where St. Paul addressed early Christian Athenians is located near the Acropolis. Great thin
40、kers such as Perikles and Demosthenes spoke to the civil assemblies held at the Pnyx Hill. Today the Pnyx is an open-air theater for light and sound shows.Greeks still use some ancient sites, such as the Pnyx and the Theater of Herodes Atticus. During Roman times, in 76 A.D., gladiators (角斗士) used t
41、he Panathenaic Stadium for contests. The Olympics were held there in 1896, and today people still jog and exercise in the stadium.Tourism is very important to people who live in modem-day Athens. Thousands of people come every year to see these ruins and to tour the many museums that house artifacts
42、 from ancient times. This provides many jobs and brings money into Athens, which helps the city pay for improvements. Athenians take pride in the accomplishments of their ancestors, and people from all around the world come to admire them. By looking around the city today, we can imagine what life w
43、as like in ancient Athens.46. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the city of Athens? ( D )A. The culture of the city is a mixture of the old and modem.B. Traces of the ancient city can still be found.C. Ruins and modem hotels co-exist in the city.D. All the temples are not far away
44、 from air-conditioned hotels.47. Which tourist attraction was ancient Athens most famous for? ( B )A. Plaka.B. Acropolis.C. Pnyx.D. Parthenon.48. According to the context, tricks in Paragraph Five refer to( C )A. mischievous acts.B. confusing constructing skills.C. skillful constructing methods.D. c
45、onstructing materials.49. The writer mentioned all the following benefits of tourism in Athens for Athenians EXCEPT( D )A. offering job opportunities to Athenians.B. enriching Athenians by providing accommodation for tourists.C. enabling Athenians to improve the infrastructures.D. making Athenians p
46、roud of their ancestors.50. What is the best title for the passage? ( B )A. Tourism in Athens.B. Athens: Then & Now.C. Historic Interests in Athens.D. The Magic of Ancient Athens.Questions 51-55 are based on the following passage Congratulations, Mr. Jones, its a girl.Fatherhood is going to have a d
47、ifferent meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children