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1、精品学习资源考点十八：定语从句一、定语从句（一）：1. 定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句；2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；3. 关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词；如that、which 、 who、whom、whose、where、when 等；二、定语从句（二）1.先行词是物时，一般情形既可用that 也可用 which.但以下情形下，只能用 that 不用 which；1.当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时，只能用 that；4. 由
2、that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句；关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语There is nothingI can do for you .2). 当先行词被 the only、the very 、the last、all、no、little 等词修饰时，只能用 that；This is the very bookI m looking for .欢迎下载精品学习资源3). 先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用 that ；This is the first n
3、extbookI studied in the middle school .4). 先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用 that；This is the most beautiful mountainI have ever seen .= I haveseena beautiful mountian .5). 先行词既有人也有物时，只能 that ；He told us many interesting things and personswe had .2. 先行词是物时，一般情形既可用that 也可用 which.但以下情形下，只能用 which 不用 that；1). 关系代词前有
4、介词时，关系词只能用 which ；This is the building inhe lives .2). 先行词本身是 that时，关系词只能用 which ；The clock is thattells the time .3). 引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用 which；His book ,was lost last week , has been found now.3. 先行词是人时，一般情形下既可用who 也可用 that ；但以下情形下，只能用 who；1). 当先行词为 those、one、ones、anyone 且作主语时，一般用
5、who ；Thoseare singing are all my classmates .2). 在 there be 句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who；指物时用欢迎下载精品学习资源that；There is a girlexpects to see you .3). 当先行词是 I 、you、he、they等时，只能用 who ；Heplays with fire gets burned .三、定语从句（三）；由关系副词 when、where、why 引导的定语从句；where = in / at +whichwhen = in / on / at +whichwhy = for + wh
6、ich1. 由 where引导的定语从句；1.先行词是表示地点的名词2.在定语从句中作地点状语Is this the houseyou lived .= Is this the house you lived .= Is this the houseyou lived in .2. 由 when引导的定语从句；1.先行词是表示时间的名词2.在定语从句中作时间状语I will never forget the daysI met him .= I will never forget the days I met him.注：先行词是 the last time 时， when 可省略；When
7、was the last time you saw the parrot .3. 由 why引导的定语从句；先行词为 reason时，一般用 why ； why 在句中作缘由状语；We don t know the reasonthey didn t come . 四、留意事项：欢迎下载精品学习资源1. 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略；The storyhe told was very popular . A.whoB.whomC.whoseD. /2. that、who、which 在定语从句 中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一样；I loves singers whowr
8、ite their own songs .She is one of the girls whostudy hard .3. 在定语从句中不能显现代替先行词的人称代词；Will you please show me the bookyesterday.A. which you boughtB. that you bought itC. you boughtD. you bought it4. 定语从句中 whose的确定：无论先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做定语用whose；判定：看定语从句的主语前有无限定词（my、your、Jims等），如没有，就用 whose ；The girlparent
9、s work in Beijing is Kate .A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. thatI know the boy . His handwriting is very good .= I know the boy handwriting is very good.五、定语从句的简化把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语；欢迎下载精品学习资源1. She reveived a box which was full of presents . She reveived a box presents .2. He likes reading books that was written by Luxun.He likes reading booking Luxun .3.I like Chinese tea which has nothing in it .I like Chinese tea in it .4.Do you know the girl who is wearing a red dress . Do you know the girla red dress .欢迎下载