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1、精品学习资源Period 2Grammar;Function;Pronunciation The General Idea of This PeriodGrammar in this module is the revision of modal verbs.This part can be led in by doing some exercisesofmodalverbs.Inthispart,we llrevisetheusageofmodalverbs,suchas can,could,must,have to,should,etc.Modal verbs are important
2、and difficult English grammar points and it is rather confusing.Ask the students to paymuch attention to them.In this part,well dealwithfouractivities.Thefunctionin thismoduleis talkingabout obligation,permissionand prohibition.First,theteacher mayask the students tospeak outthe wayused toexpress ob
3、ligation,permissionand prohibition.Theteacher can give them some examples.Then ask the students to do the exercises.There are four activities in pronunciation.The aim is to make sure that the students can pause at the end of each sense group,not making the sentence broken.Teaching Important PointsEn
4、couragethestudentstosumupgrammaticalrulesandthewaytoshow obligation,permission and prohibition.Teaching Difficult PointsTo distinguish the usage of modal verbs and pause at the end of each sense group. Teaching MethodsIndividual work and pair work to make every student work in class.Teaching AidsMul
5、timedia,tape-recorder & a blackboardThree Dimensional Teaching AimsKnowledge and SkillsMake the students master modal verbs and use them correctly.Make sure the students can show their obligation,permission and prohibition properly. Train the studentspronunciation and pause at the end of each sense
6、group.Teaching and StrategiesMotivate the students enthusiasm in taking part in the class. Feelings and ValueThroughthe revisionofmodalverbs and the wayto show obligation,permissionand prohibition,the students will surely express themselves correctly and properly.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 RevisionGr
7、eet the students as usual.T:First,I ll show you a short passage and you give me the missing words in the passageA Trip Along the Three Gorges.Show the following passage on the screen.In August,1996,Peter Hessler,a young American teacher of English,and a colleague decided to take a boat 1along the Th
8、ree Gorges.They bought tickets 2the Jiangyou boat.They left the docks on a beautiful afternoon.As the sun set they 3 at Fengdu.They slept through the first gorge,which is called the Qutang Gorge.At Wushan they made a 4up the Daning river.The next day they went through the Wu Gorge.They passed the Xi
9、ang River,home of Qu Yuan,the 3rd century BC5.Along the Yangtze River,every rock looked like a person or animal,every stream that joined the great river6its legends,every hill was 7with the past.As they came out of the third gorge,the Xiling Gorge,they sailed into the 8site ofthe dam.On a distant mo
10、untain was a sign 920-foot characters. ”Build the Three Gorges Dam,10theYangtze River, ”it said.After three minutes preparation,ask several students to share their answers in the whole欢迎下载精品学习资源sentences.Then check the answers from the whole class.Suggested answers: 1.downstream2.for3.docked4.detour
11、5.poet 6.carried7.heavy8.construction9.in10.ExploitAsk the students to read the whole passage together.Step 2 GrammarT:Okay,so much for the check-up.Now,we are going to revise modal verbs.How much do you know about modal verbs.Let me give you a quiz about modal verbs.Lets see how much do you know ab
12、out them.Show the following sentences on the screen. Decide whether the sentences are trueT or falseF.1. Modal verbs have only one form in the present tense.2. Modal verbs all have a present,past and future form. 3.Some modal verbs have more than one meaning. 4.Modal verbs are followed by the infini
13、tive with to.5.To ask questions with modal verbs you use the auxiliary verb do. 6.To make a modal verb negative you use don t.Ask the students to finish them individually,and then call back their answers. Suggested answers:1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.FT:No.2,4,5 and 6 are wrong statements.Do you know how to co
14、rrect them.Whod like to do No.2.Encourage the students to volunteer to answer your questions.Sa:Not all modal verbs have a present,past and future form.For example:Must only has one form.T:Wonderful job.No.4.Sa:Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive without to. T:Yes,good.We all know modal verb
15、+ 原形 v.（ Finish the four questions like this. ）T:I can see you have know the basic rules of modal verbs.Lets do some other practice.Look at Activity1.The sentences are all from the passage in reading.Complete them and answer the questions following them.Show the following sentences on the screen.1.T
16、heygo anywhere they wished. 2.Yougo on those ships.3.Therebe any other foreigners. 4.We justshow our passports.5.Wesee the sun setting behind the white pagoda. 1.Which verb is used as the past of must.2.Which verb indicates an ability to do something. 3.Which verb makes a prediction about the future
17、. 4.Which verb is used to give advice.5. Which verb indicates the permission to do something.They are easy for the students to answer. Suggested answers:1. could2.shouldn t3.won t4.had to5.could 1.had to2.could3.won t4.shouldn t5.couldT:So much for this activity.I think you have got a good understan
18、ding of modal verbs.Lets欢迎下载精品学习资源do a further exercise.Please underline the correct verb in the following sentences. Show the following on the screen.1. You should/shouldn t visit the Three Gorges.They re beautiful.2. Boats can/cant reach the upper part of the Yangtze River.It s too dangerous. 3.Yo
19、u should/shouldn t go in winter.The water s too low.4. Travellers must/mustn t show their documents when they arrive.It s the law.5. They could/couldn t see the mountains in the distance.The peaks were shiningin the sunlight.6. The children could/couldn t find their way out of the woods.They were lo
20、st. 7.Peter had to/must return by the end of February.He started work again in March.This part is also easy to do.After two or three minutespreparation,ask the students to say the words they choose individually.Suggested answers:1.should2.cant3.shouldn t4.must5.could6.couldn t7.had toThen pair the s
21、tudents to ask and answer questions based on the sentences in the activity above,that is,Activity 3.Have them take turns to ask and answer.Two minutes later,ask some pairs to do questions and answers for the whole class.Step 3 FunctionT:That s the end of grammar.After class,do more exercises to cons
22、olidate modal verbs.Now,look at Page 45.Well talk about obligation,permission and prohibition.Do you have any idea of the way to show them.First,for obligation.Any volunteer.Sa:We can use You must/should/ought to .T:Yes,good idea.We can also use sentence pattern,such as:It is necessary to/that.You a
23、re required to.As for permission,what kind of sentence do we learn.Sb:You may or can.T:Good suggestion.Besides,we can use You are allowed to.I think you are clever to say expressions for prohibition,right.Ss:You cant/mustn t. and dont.T:Good job.Now,let s see some examples in Activity 1. Show the fo
24、llowing questions on the screen.Choose the correct meaning.1. The captain lets passengers use his cabin. aPassengers must use the captains cabin. bPassengers can use the captains cabin. cPassengers mustnt use the captains cabin.2. There are lectures but you don t have to go to them. aIt is necessary
25、 to go to the lectures.bIt isn t necessary to go to the lectures. cIt isn t possible to go to the lectures.3. Swimming form the boat is forbidden. aYou can swim from the boat.(b) You must swim from the boat.(c) You mustn t swim from the boat. 4.Youre not allowed to smoke. aIt is against the rules to
26、 smoke. bYou can smoke if you wish. cYou don t have to smoke.5.Passengers are required to take their passports with them. aThey can take their passports with them.bThey can t take their passports with them. cThey must take their passports with them.欢迎下载精品学习资源Ask the students to do this activityindiv
27、idually,thencheck witha partner.Call back the answers from the whole class,having one student read the sentence,and another one the paraphrase.Suggested answers:1.b2.b3.c4.a5.cAsk the students to use the italicized verbs in each sentencelets/dont have to/is forbidden/not allowed to/are required to t
28、o make a sentence of their own study and life.Then encourage some students to share their sentences.Another task is Activity 2.Find more examples of be allowed,had to and let in the reading passage on page 42 inReading and vocabulary Activity 2.Suggested answers:Paragraph 1:We just had to show our p
29、assports and they let us get on the boat. Paragraph 5:but we werent allowed to get off the boat.Step 4 PronunciationT:Listen to the following sentences and repeat them.Meanwhile,make sure you pause at the end of each sense group.Show the following on the screen.Can you tell me/something about the bo
30、ats. What about/on board activities.What about/swimming in the Yangtze.Are there any/other rules I should know about.Pair them to practice,listeningand helpingeach other to get itright.Andthen say the sentences in Activity 2 aloud.What about swimming in the Yangtze.Are there any other rules I should
31、 know.Can you tell me if we re allowed to take photos of the dam.Ask the students to read them individually,and then play the tape for them to check. Suggested answers:What about/swimming in the Yangtze. Are there any/other rules I should know.Can you tell me/if we re allowed to take photos of the d
32、am.T:In Activity 3,there is a short dialogue from the passage in listening Activity 1.Read through the sentences to yourselves and try to pause at the end of each sense group.AI m interested in booking a classic Three Gorges cruise.Can you tell me something aboutthe boats.BYes,certainly.They re big,
33、modern boats,and they allhave professionalEnglish speaking directions.You can choose between western and Chinese cuisine.Play the tape for them to check their answers.Then call back the answers from the whole class.Suggested answers:AI m interested in booking/a classic Three Gorges cruise./Can you t
34、ell me/something about the boats.BYes,/certainly./They re big,/modern boats,/and they all have/professional English speakingdirections./You can choose between/western and Chinese cuisine.T:Let s come to another exercise.There is also a dialogue in Activity 4.Read through these sentences and pause at
35、 the end of each sense group.欢迎下载精品学习资源AAre there any other rules I should know.BThere aren t a lot of rules.But the boats are non-smoking,so youre not allowed to smoke anywhere except in your cabin and in the smoking lounge.Suggested answers:AAre there any other rules/I should know.BTherearent a lo
36、tofrules./Butthe boats are non-smoking,/soyou re not allowedto smoke/anywhere except in your cabin/and in the smoking lounge.Step 5 Summary and homeworkT:Today we have learned some modal verbs and some way to show obligation permission and prohibition.We ve also learned how to pause at the end of ea
37、ch sense group.Do more practice after class.Do the exercise on your workbook.So much for today.Good-bye,everyone.Ss:Good-bye,teacher.The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardModule 5A Trip Along the Three Gorges The second periodcan/couldhave to/mustshould/ought to obligationpermission prohibition
38、Record after TeachingActivities and Research 1.Revise the usage of modal verbs.2.Learn to express obligation,permission and prohibition. 3.Practise how to pause at the end of each sense group correctly.Reference for TeachingGrammar 1.can 和 couldcan表示客观可能性 ,也可表示 ”才能 ”.表示 ”才能 ”时和 be able to 相像 ,很多场合都可
39、以互相替换 .但当表达过去经过一番努力才能完成地事情,不行用 could, 只能用 waswere able to.例如 :Her mother can speak French.她妈妈能说法语 .（表达一般地才能） Without water,man can not live.没有水 ,人类不能生存 .When he was young,he could sing very well.当他年轻地时候 ,他唱唱歌得很好 .He was able to swim half-way before he was tired out.他游过一半已精疲力竭.（指经过了努力 ,所以不用 could）.2.
40、 may 和 might表示恳求许可（否定答语为must not ） ,口语中可用 can/could 代替 may,但在正式场合要欢迎下载精品学习资源用 may;表示估计（否定为may not） .在表示估计地句子中 ,一般不用于疑问句 ,may 表示地可能性比 might 要大;may 有时可以表示希望.例如:You may keep the book for a week.这本书你可以保留一星期.She said I might use her dictionary.她说我可以用她地字典.They may be having a class now.他们或许现在正在上课呢. Mother
41、 maymightbe cooking now. 我妈妈可能正在做饭 .May you succeed.祝你胜利 .3. 比较 can/could 和 be able to（ 1） can/could 表示才能 ;可能只用于现在时can和过去时 could.be able to 可以用于各种时态 .（ 2）表示过去胜利地做了某事时,只能用 was/were able to,不能用 could.留意 :could 不表示时态 ,用于提出委婉地恳求 ,（留意在回答中不行用could ） .例如 : They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能
42、告知你消息了. Could I have the television on. 我能打开电视机吗？ Yes,you can./No,you cant.是地，你能 /不，你不能 . 4 比较 have to 和 must1两词都是 必需 地意思 ,have to 表示客观地需要 ,must 表示说话人主观上地看法,即主观上地必要 .（ 2在否定结构中 :dont have to 表示 ”不必 ”,mustnt 表示 ”禁止 ”.例如 : My brother was very ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我
43、弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来.客观上需要做这件事 He said that they must work hard.他说他们必需努力工作.（主观上要做这件事） You dont have to tell him about it.你不肯定要把此事告知他.You mustnt tell him about it.你肯定不要把这件事告知他.5 will 和 wouldwill表示意志、意愿、决心,用于各种人称 .would 表示过去时间地意愿,是 will地过去时;will 表示恳求 ,通常用于其次人称.would 表示更委婉地恳求或建议.例如 :I will never do such
44、 a thing again.这样地事我决不再干了.We tried to persuade him to come with us,but he wouldn t.我们力图说服他一起来,可他不情愿 . Help me with this luggage,will you.请您帮我搬搬这件行李,好吗？欢迎下载精品学习资源Would you do this for me.请你帮我做这个 ,行吗？6.shall 和 should(1) shall 用在主语是第一人称或第三人称地疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方地承诺.should表示惊奇、意外、难以置信,常与 why,who,how 等连用 .(2)
45、shall 用在主语是其次人称或第三人称陈述句中表示说话人地承诺或警告.should 对已发生地情形表示批评 .结构为 should +have+过去分词 .例如 :Why should I be angry with you.我哪会生你地气呢？Shall he come right now ？ 要他立刻过来吗？We should learn how to use computers.我们应当学会使用电脑.You shall do as your father tells you.你要照年父亲说地去做.Tell her that she shall have the book tomorrow
46、.告知她明天可以得到那本书.The new regulation shall take effect on Jan.1st. 新规章自 1 月 1 日起施行 . Language Points1.forbid vt. 禁止 ,不许（ -bade 或-bad,-bidden,-bidding ）Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall.演奏厅内不准吸烟.I forbade you to go swimming.我不准你去游泳 .forbid sb.to do sth./forbid doing sth.既可以接 -ing 又可以接不定式作宾语地动词perm
47、it doing/permit sb.to do答应做某事 allow doing/allow sb.to do答应（某人）做某事advise doing/advise sb.to do 建议某人做某事encourage doing/encourage sb.to do 勉励某人去做某事例如 :Do you permit your children to smoke.你准许你地孩子们吸烟吗.The government servants arent allowed to accept rewards.公务员不得接受答谢 .I encouraged her to work hard and to try f