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1、个人收集整理仅供参考学习1 / 8 Period 2Grammar;Function;Pronunciation The General Idea of This Period Grammar in this module is the revision of modal verbs.This part can be led in by doing some exercises of modal verbs.In this part,we ll revise the usage of modal verbs,such as can,could,must,have to,should,etc.M
2、odal verbs are important and difficult English grammar points and it is rather confusing.Ask the students to pay much attention to them.In this part,we ll deal with four activities.The function in this module is talking about obligation,permission and prohibition.First,the teacher may ask the studen
3、ts to speak out the way used to express obligation,permission and prohibition.The teacher can give them some examples.Then ask the students to do the exercises.There are four activities in pronunciation.The aim is to make sure that the students can pause at the end of each sense group,not making the
4、 sentence broken.Teaching Important Points Encourage the students to sum up grammatical rules and the way to show obligation,permission and prohibition.Teaching Difficult Points To distinguish the usage of modal verbs and pause at the end of each sense group.Teaching Methods Individual work and pair
5、 work to make every student work in class.Teaching Aids Multimedia,tape-recorder & a blackboard Three Dimensional Teaching Aims Knowledge and Skills Make the students master modal verbs and use them correctly.Make sure the students can show their obligation,permission and prohibition properly.Train
6、the students pronunciation and pause at the end of each sense group.Teaching and Strategies Motivate the students enthusiasm in taking part in the class.Feelings and Value Through the revision of modal verbs and the way to show obligation,permission and prohibition,the students will surely express t
7、hemselves correctly and properly.Teaching Procedures Step 1 Revision (Greet the students as usual.) T:First,I ll show you a short passage and you give me the missing words in the passage A Trip Along the Three Gorges.(Show the following passage on the screen.) In August,1996,Peter Hessler,a young Am
8、erican teacher of English,and a colleague decided to take a boat 1along the Three Gorges. They bought tickets 2the Jiangyou boat.They left the docks on a beautiful afternoon.As the sun set they 3 at Fengdu.They slept through the first gorge,which is called the Qutang Gorge.At Wushan they made a 4up
9、the Daning river.The next day they went through the Wu Gorge.They passed the Xiang River,home of Qu Yuan,the 3rd century BC5.Along the Yangtze River,every rock looked like a person or animal,every stream that joined the great river6its legends,every hill was 7with the past.As they came out of the th
10、ird gorge,the Xiling Gorge,they sailed into the 8site of the dam.On a distant mountain was a sign 920-foot characters. ” Build the Three Gorges Dam,10the Yangtze River,” it said. After three minutes preparation,ask several students to share their answers in the whole 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结
11、- - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页个人收集整理仅供参考学习2 / 8 sentences.Then check the answers from the whole class.Suggested answers: 1.downstream2.for3.docked4.detour5.poet 6.carried7.heavy8.construction9.in10.Exploit Ask the students to read the whole passage together.Step 2 Grammar T:Okay,so much for the check-up.N
12、ow,we are going to revise modal verbs.How much do you know about modal verbs?Let me give you a quiz about modal verbs.Let s see how much do you know about them.(Show the following sentences on the screen.) Decide whether the sentences are true(T) or false(F). 1.Modal verbs have only one form in the
13、present tense.() 2.Modal verbs all have a present,past and future form.() 3.Some modal verbs have more than one meaning.() 4.Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive with to.() 5.To ask questions with modal verbs you use the auxiliary verb do.() 6.To make a modal verb negative you use don t.() Ask
14、 the students to finish them individually,and then call back their answers.Suggested answers: 1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F T:No.2,4,5 and 6 are wrong statements.Do you know how to correct them?Who d like to do No.2.(Encourage the students to volunteer to answer your questions.)Sa:Not all modal verbs have a pr
15、esent,past and future form.For example:Must only has one form.T:Wonderful job!No.4. Sa:Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive without to.T:Yes,good.We all know modal verb + 原形 v. （Finish the four questions like this. ）T:I can see you have know the basic rules of modal verbs.Let s do some other p
16、ractice.Look at Activity 1.The sentences are all from the passage in reading.Complete them and answer the questions following them.(Show the following sentences on the screen.) 1.They _go anywhere they wished. 2.You _go on those ships. 3.There _be any other foreigners. 4.We just _show our passports.
17、 5.We _see the sun setting behind the white pagoda. 1.Which verb is used as the past of must? 2.Which verb indicates an ability to do something? 3.Which verb makes a prediction about the future? 4.Which verb is used to give advice? 5.Which verb indicates the permission to do something? They are easy
18、 for the students to answer. Suggested answers: 1.could2.shouldn t3.won t4.had to5.could 1.had to2.could3.won t4.shouldn t5.could T:So much for this activity.I think you have got a good understanding of modal verbs.Let s 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页个人收集整理仅供参考学习3 / 8 do a
19、further exercise.Please underline the correct verb in the following sentences.(Show the following on the screen.) 1.You should/shouldn t visit the Three Gorges.They re beautiful. 2.Boats can/can t reach the upper part of the Yangtze River.It s too dangerous. 3.You should/shouldn t go in winter.The w
20、ater s too low. 4.Travellers must/mustn t show their documents when they arrive.It s the law. 5.They could/couldn t see the mountains in the distance.The peaks were shining in the sunlight. 6.The children could/couldn t find their way out of the woods.They were lost. 7.Peter had to/must return by th
21、e end of February.He started work again in March. This part is also easy to do.After two or three minutes preparation,ask the students to say the words they choose individually.Suggested answers: 1.should2.can t3.shouldn t4.must5.could6.couldn t7.had to Then pair the students to ask and answer quest
22、ions based on the sentences in the activity above,that is,Activity 3.Have them take turns to ask and answer.Two minutes later,ask some pairs to do questions and answers for the whole class.Step 3 Function T:That s the end of grammar.After class,do more exercises to consolidate modal verbs.Now,look a
23、t Page 45.We ll talk about obligation,permission and prohibition.Do you have any idea of the way to show them?First,for obligation.Any volunteer?Sa:We can use You must/should/ought to . T:Yes,good idea!We can also use sentence pattern,such as:It is necessary to/that.You are required to.As for permis
24、sion,what kind of sentence do we learn?Sb:You may or can. T:Good suggestion!Besides,we can use You are allowed to.I think you are clever to say expressions for prohibition,right?Ss:You can t/mustn t. and don t. T:Good job!Now,let s see some examples in Activity 1.(Show the following questions on the
25、 screen.) Choose the correct meaning. 1.The captain lets passengers use his cabin. (a)Passengers must use the captain s cabin. (b)Passengers can use the captain s cabin. (c)Passengers mustn t use the captain s cabin. 2.There are lecturesbut you don t have to go to them. (a)It is necessary to go to t
26、he lectures. (b)It isn t necessary to go to the lectures. (c)It isn t possible to go to the lectures. 3.Swimming form the boat is forbidden. (a)You can swim from the boat. (b)You must swim from the boat. (c)You mustn t swim from the boat. 4.You re not allowed to smoke. (a)It is against the rules to
27、smoke. (b)You can smoke if you wish. (c)You don t have to smoke. 5.Passengers are required to take their passports with them. (a)They can take their passports with them. (b)They can t take their passports with them. (c)They must take their passports with them. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - -
28、 - - -第 3 页，共 8 页个人收集整理仅供参考学习4 / 8 Ask the students to do this activity individually,then check with a partner.Call back the answers from the whole class,having one student read the sentence,and another one the paraphrase.Suggested answers: 1.b2.b3.c4.a5.c Ask the students to use the italicized verb
29、s in each sentence(lets/don t have to/is forbidden/not allowed to/are required to) to make a sentence of their own study and life.Then encourage some students to share their sentences.Another task is Activity 2.Find more examples of be allowed,had to and let in the reading passage on page 42 inReadi
30、ng and vocabulary Activity 2.Suggested answers: Paragraph 1:We just had to show our passports and they let us get on the boat.Paragraph 5:but we weren t allowed to get off the boat.Step 4 Pronunciation T:Listen to the following sentences and repeat them.Meanwhile,make sure you pause at the end of ea
31、ch sense group.(Show the following on the screen.) Can you tell me/something about the boats? What about/on board activities? What about/swimming in the Yangtze? Are there any/other rules I should know about? Pair them to practice,listening and helping each other to get it right.And then say the sen
32、tences in Activity 2 aloud.What about swimming in the Yangtze? Are there any other rules I should know? Can you tell me if we re allowed to take photos of the dam? Ask the students to read them individually,and then play the tape for them to check.Suggested answers: What about/swimming in the Yangtz
33、e? Are there any/other rules I should know? Can you tell me/if we re allowed to take photos of the dam?T:In Activity 3,there is a short dialogue from the passage in listening Activity 1.Read through the sentences to yourselves and try to pause at the end of each sense group.AI m interested in bookin
34、g a classic Three Gorges cruise.Can you tell me something about the boats? BYes,certainly.They re big,modern boats,and they all have professional English speaking directions.You can choose between western and Chinese cuisine. Play the tape for them to check their answers.Then call back the answers f
35、rom the whole class.Suggested answers: AI m interested in booking/a classic Three Gorges cruise./Can you tell me/something about the boats?BYes,/certainly./They re big,/modern boats,/and they all have/professional English speaking directions./You can choose between/western and Chinese cuisine.T:Let
36、s come to another exercise.There is also a dialogue in Activity 4.Read through these sentences and pause at the end of each sense group.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页个人收集整理仅供参考学习5 / 8 AAre there any other rules I should know? BThere aren t a lot of rules.But the boats are n
37、on-smoking,so you re not allowed to smoke anywhere except in your cabin and in the smoking lounge. Suggested answers: AAre there any other rules/I should know? BThere aren t a lot of rules./But the boats are non-smoking,/so you re not allowed to smoke/anywhere except in your cabin/and in the smoking
38、 lounge.Step 5 Summary and homework T:Today we have learned some modal verbs and some way to show obligation permission and prohibition.We ve also learned how to pause at the end of each sense group.Do more practice after class.Do the exercise on your workbook.So much for today.Good-bye,everyone!Ss:
39、Good-bye,teacher! The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard Module 5A Trip Along the Three Gorges The second period can/couldhave to/mustshould/ought to obligation permission prohibition Record after Teaching _Activities and Research 1.Revise the usage of modal verbs. 2.Learn to express obligation
40、,permission and prohibition.3.Practise how to pause at the end of each sense group correctly.Reference for Teaching Grammar 1.can 和 could can表示客观可能性,也可表示 ” 能力 ” .表示 ” 能力 ” 时和 be able to 相似 ,许多场合都可以互相替换 .但当叙述过去经过一番努力才能完成地事情,不可用could,只能用was(were) able to.例如 :Her mother can speak French. 她妈妈能说法语.（叙述一般地
41、能力）Without water,man can not live. 没有水 ,人类不能生存. When he was young,he could sing very well. 当他年轻地时候,他唱歌唱得很好. He was able to swim half-way before he was tired out.他游过一半已精疲力竭.（指经过了努力,所以不用could）. 2.may 和 might 表示请求许可（否定答语为must not）,口语中可用can/could 代替 may,但在正式场合要精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -
42、 -第 5 页，共 8 页个人收集整理仅供参考学习6 / 8 用 may;表示推测（否定为may not） .在表示推测地句子中,一般不用于疑问句,may表示地可能性比 might 要大 ;may 有时可以表示祝愿.例如 :You may keep the book for a week. 这本书你可以保留一星期. She said I might use her dictionary. 她说我可以用她地字典. They may be having a class now. 他们也许现在正在上课呢. Mother may(might)be cooking now. 我妈妈可能正在做饭. May
43、 you succeed.祝你成功 . 3.比较 can/could 和 be able to （1）can/could 表示能力 ;可能只用于现在时(can)和过去时 (could).be able to 可以用于各种时态 .（2）表示过去成功地做了某事时,只能用 was/were able to,不能用 could. 注意 :could 不表示时态 ,用于提出委婉地请求,（注意在回答中不可用could）.例如 : They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了.Could I have the television on?
44、我能打开电视机吗？Yes,you can./No,you can t.是地，你能 /不，你不能 . 4 比较 have to 和 must (1)两词都是 必须 地意思 ,have to 表示客观地需要,must 表示说话人主观上地看法,即主观上地必要 .（2)在否定结构中:don t have to 表示 ” 不必 ” ,mustn t 表示 ” 禁止 ” .例如 : My brother was very ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来.(客观上需要做这件事) H
45、e said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作.（主观上要做这件事）You don t have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他. You mustn t tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他. 5 will 和 would will表示意志、意愿、决心,用于各种人称.would 表示过去时间地意愿,是 will地过去时;will 表示请求 ,通常用于第二人称.would 表示更委婉地请求或建议.例如 :I will never do such a thing again. 这样地事我决不再干
46、了. We tried to persuade him to come with us,but he wouldn t.我们力图说服他一起来,可他不愿意 . Help me with this luggage,will you? 请您帮我搬搬这件行李,好吗？精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页个人收集整理仅供参考学习7 / 8 Would you do this for me? 请你帮我做这个,行吗？6.shall 和 should (1)shall 用在主语是第一人称或第三人称地疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方地允诺.s
47、hould表示惊讶、意外、难以置信,常与 why,who,how 等连用 .(2)shall 用在主语是第二人称或第三人称陈述句中表示说话人地允诺或警告.should 对已发生地情况表示责备.结构为 should +have+过去分词 .例如 :Why should I be angry with you? 我哪会生你地气呢？Shall he come right now ？要他马上过来吗？We should learn how to use computers. 我们应该学会使用电脑. You shall do as your father tells you. 你要照年父亲说地去做. Te
48、ll her that she shall have the book tomorrow. 告诉她明天可以得到那本书. The new regulation shall take effect on Jan.1st. 新规章自1 月 1 日起施行 .Language Points 1.forbid vt. 禁止 ,不许（ -bade 或-bad,-bidden,-bidding ） Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall. 演奏厅内不准吸烟. I forbade you to go swimming. 我不准你去游泳. forbid sb.to do
49、sth./forbid doing sth. 既可以接 -ing 又可以接不定式作宾语地动词permit doing/permit sb.to do 允许做某事allow doing/allow sb.to do 允许（某人）做某事advise doing/advise sb.to do 建议某人做某事encourage doing/encourage sb.to do 鼓励某人去做某事例如 : Do you permit your children to smoke? 你准许你地孩子们吸烟吗? The government servants aren t allowed to accept
50、rewards.公务员不得接受酬谢. I encouraged her to work hard and to try for the examination.我鼓励她用功并为这次考试作努力. The doctor advised me to take more exercise. 医生嘱咐我多加锻炼. 2.require vt.需要 ,要求 ,命令The floor requires washing/to be washed. 地板该洗了 . All passengers are required to show their tickets. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -