我国中小板上市公司股权结构对并购绩效的影响研究_吴维佳.docx

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1、 独创性声明 本人声明所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工 作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢 的地方外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或接写的研究成果,也 不包含为获得江西财经大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书所使用 过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在 论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。 本人完全了解江西财经大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定 , 即:学校有权保留送交论文的复印件,允许论文被查阅和借阅; 学校可以公布论文的全部或部分内容,可以采用影印、缩印或其 他复制手段保存论文。 (保密的论文在解密后遵守此规定 ) 关于论文使用授权的说明 1. 驗

2、 . 1.1研究背景与意义 . 1.1.1研究背景 . . . 1.1.2研究意义 . 1.2国内外文献综述 . 1.2.1国外文献回顾 . 1.2.2国内文献回顾 . 1.2.3文献评述 . 1.3研究思路与方法 . 1.3.1研究思路 . 1.3.2研究方法 . 1.4可能的创新与不足 . 2. 相关理论基础 . 2.1相关概念界定 . 2.1.1公司股权结构 . 2.1.2公司并购 . 2.1.3公司并购绩效 . 2.2并购绩效理论 . 2.3并购绩效的评价方法 . 2.4股权结构对并购绩效的影响 . 2.5本章小结 . . 3. 我国中小板上市公司股权结构与并购的现实分析 3.1中小板

3、上市公司的发展现状 . 3.2中小板上市公司的股权结构特点 . 3.3中小板上市公司的并购概况 . 3.4本章小结 . 4. 我国中小板上市公司并购绩效评价 . 4.1数据来源及样本选择 . 4.1.1数据来源 . 4.1.2样本选择 . 4.2并购绩效评价指标体系的构建 . 1 1 1 2 2 2 6 9 9 -9 10 11 ,12 12 12 12 13 13 16 17 18 19 4.3运用因子分析法对并购绩效的评价 . 29 4.3.1 KMO统计量和 Bartletts 球形检验 . 29 4.3.2提取公共因子 . 30 4.3.3计算因子得分函数和综合得分函数 . 38 4.

4、4本章小结 . 41 5. 我国中小板上市公司股权结构对并购绩效影响的实证分析 . 42 5.1研究假设 . 42 5.1.1股权性质对并购绩效影响的假设 . 42 5.1.2股权集中度对并购绩效影响的假设 . 43 5.1.3股权制衡能力对并购绩效影响的假设 . 44 5.1.4高管持股比例对并购绩效影响的假设 . 44 5.2模型的构建及变量定义 . 44 5.2.1模型构建 . 44 5.2.2变量定义 . 45 5.3描述性统计分析 . 46 5.3.1并购绩效变量的统计分析 . 46 5.3.2股权结构变量的统计分析 . 47 5.3.3控制变量的统计分析 . 48 5.4相关性分析

5、 . 48 5.5多元线性回归分析 . 50 5.6稳健性检验分析 . 52 5.7本章小结 . 54 6. 研究结论与政策建议 . . . 55 6.1研究结论 . 55 6.2政策建议 . 56 参考文献 . 59 mm . 62 n Contents 1 Introduction . 1 1.1 Research background and research significance . . 1 1.1.1 Research background . 1 1.1.2 Research significance . . 2 1.2 The literature review at hom

6、e and abroad . 2 1.2.1 . The literature review at abroad . 2 1.2.2 The literature review at home . 6 1.2.3 . Literature review . 9 1.3 Research thought and mediods . 10 1.3.1 Research thought . 10 1.3.2 Research methods . 10 1.4 hmovation and shortage . 11 2 The theoretical basis . 12 2.1 . The conc

7、ept definition ; 12 2.1.1 Ownership structure . 12 2.1.2 Mergers and Acquisitions(M&A) . 12 2.1.3 Performance of the M择 A . 13 2.2 . The theories on the performance of the M& A . 13 2.3 The evaluation methods on the perfonnance of the M&A . 16 2.4 . The impact of the ownership structure on the perfo

8、rmance of the M&A . 17 2.5 Summary* . . . . - . . . . 18 3 The realistic analysis on the ownership structure and the M&A of the listed companies in small and medium (board . 19 3.1 The current situation of the listed companies in small and medium board. 19 3.2 The characteristics of the ownership st

9、ructure . 21 3.3 The overview of the . 23 3.4 Summary . 24 4 The evaluation on the performance of the M&A of the listed companies in small and medium board . 26 4.1 Data sources and sample selection . 26 4.1.1 Data sources . 26 4.1.2 Sample selection . 26 m 4.2 The index system of the performance of

10、 the M&A . 27 4.3 Factor analysis method to evaluate the performance of the M&A 29 4.3.1 KMO statistics and Bartlett test of sphericity . 29 4.3.2 The extraction of the common factors . 30 4.3.3 The calculation of the factor function and comprehensive function 38 4.4 Summary. 41 5 The empirical anal

11、ysis on the impact of the ownership structure on the performance of the M&A in the listed companies in small and medium board-42 5.1 Research hypothesis . 42 5.1.1 The hypothesis of the impact of the ownership property on the performance of the M&A . 42 5.1.2 The hypothesis of the impact of the owne

12、rship concentration on the performance of the M&A . 43 5.1.3 The hypothesis of the impact of the ownership balance ability on the performance of the M&A . 44 5.1.4 The hypothesis of the impact of the executive stock ownership on the performance of the M&A . 44 5.2 Model construction and variable def

13、initions . 44 5.2.1 Model construction . 44 5.2.2 Variable definitions . 45 5.3 Descriptive statistics . 46 5.3.1 Descriptive statistics of the performance of the M&A . 46 53.2 Descriptive statistics of the ownership structure . 47 5.3.3 Descriptive statistics of the controlled variable . 48 5.4 Cor

14、relation analysis . 48 5.5 Regression model . 50 5.6 Robust test . 52 5.7 Summary . 54 6 Conclusion and recommendations . 55 6.1 Conclusion . 55 6.2 Recommendations . 56 References . 59 Acknowledgements . 62 IV 并购重组是公司实现价值增长的一项重要战略,有助于公司扩大经营管理规 模,促进产业结构优化升级,合理配置资本和资源,提高经营管理效率。并购由 此成为了中小企业的一大重要战略手段。而

15、中小板上市公司是中小企业的代表, 受规模、资本所限,与主板上市公司存在较大差异。其股权结构本身具有鲜明的 特点,多是由民营资本控制,股权集中程度比较高, “ 一股独大 ” 的现象比较明显, 股权制衡能力有限,高级管理人员一般会持有公司一定的股权。这些股权结构特 点对并购完成后的公司绩效产生的影响,就是论文要探讨的重点问题。 目前国内外对并购绩效的研究,多是关注主板上市公司,对中小板上市公司 并购绩效研究的文献比较少,专门探讨其股权结构对并购绩效影响的文献就更少。 而在中国经济发展中,中小板上市公司的重要作用不可忽视,分析其股权结构特 点,研究其股权结构对并购绩效的影响,有助于进一步规范管理中小

16、板上市公司 并购行为,提高其并购绩效,为相关决策提供有价值的参考。 论文参考了国内外相关文献,分析了并 购相关理论和并购绩效的研究方法, 以此为基础构建并购绩效评价指标体系,通过因子分析法计算中小板上市公司并 购发生前后的绩效得分,再根据其股权结构特点提出研究假设,建立多元回归模 型,希望利用得到的研究结论为政府相关部门、公司所有者和管理者提供有针对 性的政策建议,促进我国公司高效合理的进行并购,提高经营管理效率。 根据研究需要,全文分为六个部分: 第一章为绪论,主要明确论文的研究背景和研究意义,梳理和归纳国内外相 关研究文献,总结论文的研究思路和方法,同时提出可能的创新和不足; 第二章为相关

17、理论基础部分,界 定了相关概念,分析了并购和并购绩效的相 关理论,总结归纳了评价并购绩效的方法; 第三章是现实分析部分,对中小板上市公司的发展状况进行描述,继而分析 其股权结构特点,并研究相关并购概况; 第四章是对中小板上市公司并购绩效的评价,以发生在 2010年的中小板上市 公司并购事件为研究对象,按照一定的标准筛选出 96家中小板上市公司为样本公 司,在并购前后四年的财务指标中,从盈利能力、营运能力、偿债能力、发展能 力和现金流量能力五个方面选取了 13个指标,以此为指标体系来评价并购绩效, 采用因子分析法计算各年度的综合得 分,以此来量化中小板上市公司的并购绩效; 第五章是中小板上市公司

18、股权结构对并购绩效影响的实证研究,根据前文对 股权结构特点的分析,提出研究假设并构建回归模型,进行回归分析,为保证实 证结果的合理性,补充进行了稳健性检验; 第六章是研究结论和政策建议部分,根据论文的研究结论作出总结,有针对 性的提出提高并购绩效的建议。 通过理论和实证分析,得到的研究结论如下: ( 1)短期内,国有股持股比例 对公司并购绩效的提高会产生负的影响,而在长期上,与并购绩效的提高则会产 生正影响; ( 2)股权集中度越高,在短期内对并购绩效的提高会有促进作用,而 对并购长期绩效的提高却有阻碍作用; ( 3)股权制衡能力与并购的短期绩效提高 是正相关关系,而与并购的长期绩效提高却是负

19、相关关系; ( 4)由于中小板上市 公司的特殊情况,其高管持股与并购绩效提高并没有显著的相关关系。 总的来说,基于前人取得的理论和实证成果,结合我国中小板上市公司发展 的实际情况,研究其股权结构特点对并购绩效的影响,从一个更新的角度分析并 购绩效问题,并提出相应的政策建议,拓宽了现有并购绩效的研究范围,也有助 于丰富上市公司 并购的相关理论,在理论和实践上具有一定的意义。 关键词:中小板上市公司股权结构并购绩效 2 Abstract Mergers and Acquisitions are important strategy to expand production operation sc

20、ale, to promote industrial upgrading, optimize the allocation of resources and capital, improve management efficiency, and achieve the growth on. the value of company. In order to adapt to the development of market, Small and medixim enterprises (SMEs) need to expand the scale of operation. Not only

21、 large companies can take the Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), more and more the listed companies in small and medium board take the M&A. Listed companies in small and medium board represent the most advancedmodel of the SMEs. Due to limitations in the size and capital, there is a visible difference

22、with the listed companies in main board. The ownership structure has distinctive characteristics. The majority of listed companies in small and medium board are private holding, instead of the state-controlled. The equity degree of concentration is large. Other large shareholders can take balance wi

23、th the controlling shareholder. A large number of the executives hold the shares of companies. It is important to research on the relationship between the ownership structure and the performance of the M&A of the listed companies in small and medium board, and the impact on short-term and long-term

24、performance. The studies on the M&A performance have focused on the listed companies in main board. Few study on the M&A performance of the listed companies in small and medium board, and less on the relationship between the ownership structure and the performance of the M&A. Based on the important

25、position of the listed companies in small and medium board in Chinese economy, the research on the relationship between the ownership structure and the performance of the M&A of the listed companies in small and medium board has practical guidance and decision-making reference value, which for stand

26、ardizing the management m the merger of listed companies and. improving the performance of the M&A? especially for the listed companies in small and medium board. Based on the analysis of the methods and conclusions on the M&A related theory, the M&A performance, it evaluates the overall performance

27、 of the listed companies in small and medium board after completed the M&A. According to the characteristics of the ownership structure, it takes multiple regression analysis. The conclusions can provide targeted policy and recommendations for the relevant government departmentimprove management ejf

28、ficiency. Paper can be divided into 6 parts: The first chapter is introduction. This part introduces the background and significance, summarizes the domestic and foreign research on the ownership structure and the performance of the M&A, clears the ideas and methods and describes the innovation and

29、shortage. The second chapter is the theory and the literature review section. It defines the related concepts, and introduces the related theory and method. The third chapter expounds the situation and the M&A overview of the listed companies in small and medium board, analyzes the characteristics o

30、f the ownership structure and the relationship with the performance of the M&A. The forth chapter is the evaluation on the M&A performance of the listed companies in small and medium board. It takes the object with the M&A in the listed companies in small and medium board in 2010. According to certa

31、in criteria it selects 13 indicators of the profitability, operations, solvency, development capacity and cash flow capabilities from the financial data of 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, which takes from 96 companies. And it takes M&A performance evaluation system with these indicators. Considering the changes of the composite scores of the M&A performance for 4 years, it evaluates the performance of the M&A of the listed companies in small and medium board. The fifth chapter is an empirical research on the impact of

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