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1、第16讲 Unit 8语法篇 _一般过去时的被动语态被动语态(2): 一般过去时的被动语态【语境领悟】仔细观察例句并体会句式结构。Zhang Yining was noticed by coach Wang Biling. They were invited to his birthday party last weekend. Bob wasnt chosen for the team last time. Some players werent compared with the worlds best sports stars. How many students were encour
2、aged to make speeches in the contest? 【知识构建】(一)一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构肯定句主语+ was/ were +动词的过去分词+其他I was invited to Li Leis birthday party last night. 昨晚, 我被邀请参加了李雷的生日聚会。否定句主语+ wasnt/ werent +动词的过去分词+其他The books werent sent to us. 这些书没有被送给我们。一般疑问句Was/Were +主语+动词的过去分词+其他Were the cars mended in the factory? 这些
3、汽车在工厂里被修理过吗? 特殊疑问句疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Who was chosen for the basketball game? 谁被选入篮球队了? (二)被动语态的几种特殊形式1. 带双宾语的动词的主动语态与被动语态。 谓语动词带双宾语时, 既可将间接宾语转化成主语, 也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。当用直接宾语作主语时, 要根据动词的习惯搭配, 在间接宾语前补上介词to或for。(直接宾语指物, 间接宾语指人)。例如: She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. A book was given to me
4、 by her. 2. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。 宾语加上宾语补足语构成复合宾语。变被动语态直接把宾语变为被动语态的主语, 宾语补足语保留在原处, 变成主语补足语。E.g. I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. Jane was heard playing the piano in her room. 3. 被动语态后动词形式的选择。 主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等, 及使役动词let, make, have等后跟省略to的不定式, 变为被动语态时, 应加上不定式符号to。E.g. La
5、st Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday. 1. Many buildings in Lushan _ in the earthquake on April 20th. It will surely be reconstructed(重建) more beautifully. A. have destroyed B. are destroyed C. were destroyed D. are
6、destroying2. -You bought a new car! An American car? -No. A Chinese car. It _ in Taizhou. A. makes B. made C. was made D. will be made3. -Why did Tom go to bed so late yesterday? -Because his homework _on time. A. didnt finish B. finish C. wasnt finished D.isnt finished4. It was reported that nine C
7、hinese people _ in a balloon crash (坠毁）in Egypt on February 26, 2013. A. are killed B. were killedC. will kill D. have killed5. The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 解析：1. C 考查一般过去时的被动语态。意为许多建筑物在4.20地震中被毁坏。 2. C 考查一般过去时的被
8、动语态。意为它产于台州。 3. C 考查一般过去时的被动语态的否定形式。意为作业没有被按时完成。4. B考查一般过去时的被动语态。 意为据报道，九名中国人在2013年2月26日发生在埃及的大气球坠毁中丧生。5. D 考查一般过去时的被动语态。以since引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般过去时。 基础演练I. 句型转换1. The hospital was set up in 1972.(改为主动语态) The workers _ _ the hospital in 1972.2. Nick was too young to go to school.(改为同义句) Nick was not _
9、 _ to go to school.3. What was wrong with your sister?(改为被动语态) _ _ _ _with your sister? 4.The teacher gave the boy an apple. ( 改为被动语态) An apple_ _ _ the boy by the teacher.21 55.We saw the children sing that morning. (改为被动语态) The children_ _ _ that morning.4II. 用所给单词的正确形式填空完成短文My brother is a very g
10、ood swimmer. Last year, when he was only 14, he _(choose) to be in the school swimming team. Last summer he _(win) the school swimming prize. My parents _(decide) to send him to a special sports school. Luckily, he _(accept) by the school and will start there in September. In the near future he _（tr
11、ain） by some of the best swimming coaches in the country. He is very excited and happy about this.答案：I. 1.set up 2.old enough 3.What was the matter 4. was given to 5.were see to singII.1. was chosen 2.won 3.decided 4.is accepted 5. will be trained7巩固提高1. 阅读对话，完成填空。 choose hold winA. Linging: Lets an
12、swer these questions about sport in the school magazine. Are you ready?Betty: Sure, I love sport. Go on, ask me the first question.Linging: Where (1) _ the Olympic Games _ in 2008? Betty: Thats too easy! They (2) _ in Beijing.Linging: And how many gold medals (3) _ China _ at the Beijing Olympics? B
13、etty: Oh, I know. Fifty no, fifty-one gold medals (4) _ by China at the Beijing Olympics.Linging: Correct, Next, what competition (5) _ Liu Xiang _at the 2004 Olympic Games?Betty: Was it the hurdles?Linging: Well done! Yes, it was. And one more question. Who (6) _ for the school basketball team last
14、 week?Betty: Ha, ha! I dont know. Lets go and find out. B.Millions of people across the world (1) _ (watch) the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The excellent results at the Games were the products of many years of hard work. Young Olympic players (2) _ (train) by their coaches. Their training (3) _ (rec
15、ord) and (4) _ (compare) with those of the worlds best players. The information (5) _ (use) to make training methods better. Hard training and proper methods helped many players become successful at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.答案:A. 1. were; held 2. were held 3. did; win 4. were won 5. did; win 6
16、. was chosenB. 1. watched 2. were trained 3. was recorded 4. compared 5. was usedI.单项选择. 1.The basketball player _ by his coach to train every day. A. was compared B.advised C. compared D. was advised2. The team played well, but they did not _ the competition. A.score B. do C. win D.be successful3.
17、Mr Li _ to work for the new computer company. A.was noticed B.was chosen C. set up D.held4. UN _ the United Nations. A.makes B.spells C.stands for D.looks like5. Our team lost! We _ by the other team. A.noticed B.were beaten C.won D.were encouraged6. Each year quite a lot of food _ around the world.
18、 Its really time for us to do something. A. was wasted B. is wasted C. will be wasted 7.He_ to study harder for the coming exam yesterday. A. encourage B. is encouraged C. was encouraged8.Many children in Britain _ to have their own bank cards last year. A. allowed B. are allowed C. were allowed9.To
19、m _ three chances in the high jump then. A. give B. am given C. was given D. will be given10. Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invitedII. 完形填空 It was a cold winters night when I stopped for gas(汽油) on my way home from work. I was
20、tired and had a little 1 I worked in a 2 doctors office, and during those days many unexpected things happened. It seemed that I was going to be late getting home today. My husband who is a punctual(守时的) person would be ready to 3 .again. Maybe 4 I hurried, I could still arrive home earlier. I was g
21、oing inside to 5 for my gas when I noticed an older couple at the counter(柜台). I heard them asking for 6 to the local hospital. It was the same hospital that I had just 7 a few minutes ago. At the counter, a young man was quite 8 . He was trying to 9 how to get there,with two other people. One of th
22、em was 10 .trying to give them a whole different route back. It was then that I walked over to the couple and said, Would you like to follow me to the 11 ? A look of 12 appeared on the womans face. Im going right by there, I said, and it was a(n) 13 since I had just decided to doexactly that. I got
23、into my car and began the journey back. I was trying to make them be sure they wereright 14 me. It took only fifteen minutes to get there. I felt 15 than I had all day and my headache was nearly gone. Later, as I arrived home, my husband teased(嘲笑), So you arent ever late any more. I said,Sometimes
24、its good to be late.1. A. headache B. fever C. cold D. break2. A. foreign B. busy C. crucial D. noisy3. A. relax B. offend C. complain D. appear4. A. while B. since C. as D. if5. A. wait B. look C. care D. search6. A. money B. trouble C. directions D. opinions7. A. risked B. provided C. called D. le
25、ft8. A. helpful B. skilled C. confused D. active9. A. imagine B. expect C. explain D. urge10. A. only B. even C. still D. ever11. A. station B. office C. hospital D. hotel12. A. panic B. pleasure C. sadness D. peace .13. A. dream B. fact C. reason D. example14. A. behind B. before C. below D. beside
26、15. A. duller B. quieter C. worse D. better答案：I.DCBCB BCCCCII.ABCDA CDACB CBBAD2_I.单项选择 1. Tomorrow theres a program about our school on TV; then it _ by millions of people.（2015-2016甘肃期中） A. will see B. saw C. will be seen D. was seen2. - Is the environment good around your city ?（2015-2016甘肃期中）- Y
27、es. Many trees here every year. A. are planted B. plant C. planted D. be planted 3. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she the piano.（2015-2016甘肃期中） A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played 4. Must I stay at home and look after her? .（2015-2016甘肃期中） A.No,you mustnt B.No,you cant C.No,you won
28、t D.No,you neednt5 -What a beautiful factory! I want to work in it. -Well, workers _ very much here.（2015-2016甘肃期中） A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well.21 5 A. sells B. sell C. is sold D.are sold【 ：21 7. If you see the cartoo
29、n film, you will _ laugh. A. be made B. be made to C. make to D. make8. People who _ to the party are very excited. A. have invited B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited9. Many children in Britain _ to have their own bank cards these days. A. allow B. allowed C. are allowed D. were
30、 allowed10.-Have you heard about that car accident near the school? -Yes, luckily no one _. A.hurt B.was hurt C. has hurt D. were hurtA.II. 阅读理解 A When youre curious(好奇的) about something, and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to m
31、ake discoveries and find interesting answers. The steps below can guide you during the research.4 Step1 On a notecard or piece of paper, write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the main idea down. For example, you might write: Discover more about dinosaurs. Step2 Next, stop and t
32、hink for a moment about what you already know abut your subject. List what you already know like the sentences below:(1)Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.(2)Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.(3)Some dinosaurs fed on(吃) plants, some on meat. Step3 What can y
33、ou do with what you want to learn? By asking questions. On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them:(1)Whats the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?(2)How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?(3)Have dinosaurs really disappeared? Step4 Armed with your list of
34、 questions, you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, youll probably discover some new questions. For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can
35、help you research your subject more widely. If you always find something interesting to research, take time to organize(组织) your thinking by asking good questions. And remember learning more always brings more questions.1. When you do some research, you should take the following steps: (1)list what
36、you want to know (2) choose a research subject (3)list what you already know (4) discover new problems A. (4)(3)(2)(1) B. (1)(4)(3)(2) C.(2)(3)(1)(4) D.(3)(2)(4)(1)2. From the passage, we know . A. dinosaurs appeared after human beings B. not all the dinosaurs fed on meat C. dinosaurs lived on the e
37、arth for 65 million years D. dinosaurs lived warm season3. What does “Armed with your list of questions” mean? A. Putting your list of questions under your arm B. Discussing your questions with your classmates C. Writing down your list of questions D. Taking your list of questions with you 4. Accord
38、ing to the passage, which one is true? A. You can find all the answers online(5络上) B. Learn more, and youll have no questions C. Asking questions is the only way for research 21 * 5 D. During the research, you may keep finding new questions5. The best title(标题) for this passage is “ ” A. Discovering
39、 Dinosaurs B. Asking Good Questions3 C. Finding Subjects D. Learning StepsB Dear Victor,I have received your loving letter from school and I am glad to know that you are becoming responsible(有责任的) enough to decide on your career(职业).You are now in the final year of high school and are going to start
40、 further education in college. You know that we belong to different times, and my social life is different from yours. However, all I can say as advice is that you must choose a career wisely. The first consideration is your interest. You can only succeed and feel happy when you do something you enj
41、oy. You must get a job which not only provides you with something useful, but also you are pleased with. Then, you must read a lot in the field(领域) you are aiming at. Also, you should get to know the men and women who work in that field. When mind and heart work together, success is inevitable. No career is more or less important. I think your interest may be in the field of making TV programs. Your